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    <title data-rh="true">Opinion | Houston’s Mayor Was Right to Not Evacuate - The New York Times</title><meta data-rh="true" itemprop="inLanguage" content="en-US"/><meta data-rh="true" name="robots" content="noarchive"/><meta data-rh="true" name="articleid" itemprop="identifier" content="100000005396784"/><meta data-rh="true" name="description" itemprop="description" content="We didn’t have the capacity to transport and house millions of evacuees."/><meta data-rh="true" name="byl" content="By Bill King"/><meta data-rh="true" name="thumbnail" itemprop="thumbnailUrl" content="https://static01.nyt.com/images/2017/08/29/opinion/29kingWeb/29kingWeb-thumbStandard.jpg"/><meta data-rh="true" name="news_keywords" content="Hurricanes,Evacuation,Hurricane Harvey,Houston,Sylvester Turner"/><meta data-rh="true" name="usageTerms" itemprop="usageTerms" content="http://www.nytimes.com/content/help/rights/sale/terms-of-sale.html"/><meta data-rh="true" name="pdate" content="20170828"/><meta 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the capacity to transport and house millions of evacuees."/><meta data-rh="true" property="twitter:image" content="https://static01.nyt.com/images/2017/08/29/opinion/29kingWeb/29kingWeb-videoSixteenByNineJumbo1600.jpg"/><meta data-rh="true" property="twitter:image:alt" content="A flooded street in Houston on Monday."/><meta data-rh="true" property="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image"/><meta data-rh="true" property="article:section" itemprop="articleSection" content="Opinion"/><meta data-rh="true" property="article:section-taxonomy-id" itemprop="articleSection" content="AD8090D7-4137-4D71-84C8-70DA3BD89778"/><meta data-rh="true" property="article:tag" content="Hurricanes and Tropical Storms"/><meta data-rh="true" property="article:tag" content="Evacuations and Evacuees"/><meta data-rh="true" property="article:tag" content="Hurricane Harvey (2017)"/><meta data-rh="true" property="article:tag" content="Houston (Tex)"/><meta data-rh="true" property="article:tag" content="Turner, 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styles-toneOpinion--1gMyj elementStyles-label--1-Nry elementStyles-toneOpinion--19bv1">Op-Ed Contributor</p><h1 class="Heading1-heading1--20o8k styles-heading1--2Ap5d styles-toneOpinion--1gMyj elementStyles-heading1--UcIYs elementStyles-toneOpinion--19bv1 Heading1-toneOpinion--2eiZR" itemProp="headline"><span class="Heading1-headline--8Qzcc balance-text">Houston’s Mayor Was Right to Not Evacuate</span></h1><figure class="ResponsiveMedia-media--32g1o ResponsiveMedia-toneOpinion--1X884 ResponsiveMedia-sizeMedium--3hVlk styles-ledeMedia--1s9BI ResponsiveMedia-toneOpinion--1X884" aria-label="media" role="group" itemProp="associatedMedia" itemID="https://static01.nyt.com/images/2017/08/29/opinion/29kingWeb/29difenbaughWeb-articleLarge.jpg?quality=30&amp;auto=webp" itemType="http://schema.org/ImageObject"><div class="ResponsiveMedia-container--G2JS6 ResponsiveMedia-toneOpinion--1X884"><span class="accessibility-visuallyHidden--OUeHR">Image</span><img alt="" class="Image-image--2zb04" src="https://static01.nyt.com/images/2017/08/29/opinion/29kingWeb/29difenbaughWeb-articleLarge.jpg?quality=30&amp;auto=webp" srcSet="https://static01.nyt.com/images/2017/08/29/opinion/29kingWeb/29difenbaughWeb-articleLarge.jpg?quality=100&amp;auto=webp 600w,https://static01.nyt.com/images/2017/08/29/opinion/29kingWeb/29difenbaughWeb-jumbo.jpg?quality=100&amp;auto=webp 1024w,https://static01.nyt.com/images/2017/08/29/opinion/29kingWeb/29difenbaughWeb-popup.jpg?quality=100&amp;auto=webp 650w,https://static01.nyt.com/images/2017/08/29/opinion/29kingWeb/29difenbaughWeb-superJumbo.jpg?quality=100&amp;auto=webp 2048w" sizes="((min-width: 600px) and (max-width: 1004px)) 84vw, (min-width: 1005px) 60vw, 100vw"/></div><figcaption class="ResponsiveMedia-caption--1dUVu Media-caption--wlc0l ResponsiveMedia-toneOpinion--1X884" itemProp="caption description"><span class="ResponsiveMedia-captionText--2WFdF Media-captionText--2e27a">A flooded street in Houston on Monday.</span><span class="ResponsiveMedia-credit--3F-q_ Media-credit--1ZFho" itemProp="copyrightHolder"><span class="accessibility-visuallyHidden--OUeHR">Credit</span><span>Joe Raedle/Getty Images</span></span></figcaption></figure><div class="styles-bylineTimestamp--2J2fe styles-toneOpinion--1gMyj"><div class="elementStyles-byline--33rWc styles-byline--Dn1Bu styles-toneOpinion--1gMyj"><div class="Byline-bylineGroup--2XIy_"><p class="">By<!-- --> <span class="Byline-bylineAuthor--d8i20 elementStyles-authors--voZdU">Bill King</span></p></div></div><time class="Timestamp-timestamp--3FJff elementStyles-timestamp--26VGL styles-timestamp--KJFCK" dateTime="2017-08-28" itemProp="datePublished" content="2017 - 08 - 28">Aug. 28, 2017</time></div></header><p class="Paragraph-paragraph--2eXNE elementStyles-paragraph--3EIcW elementStyles-toneOpinion--19bv1">As the rains from Tropical Storm Harvey continue to pound Houston, stranding thousands of people in their homes, a question has emerged: Should local officials, particularly Mayor Sylvester Turner, have ordered mandatory evacuations?</p><p class="Paragraph-paragraph--2eXNE elementStyles-paragraph--3EIcW elementStyles-toneOpinion--19bv1">The answer is absolutely not.</p><p class="Paragraph-paragraph--2eXNE elementStyles-paragraph--3EIcW elementStyles-toneOpinion--19bv1">It is logistically impossible to evacuate millions of people from low-lying coastal areas ahead of a major hurricane. The disastrous evacuation in preparation for Hurricane Rita in 2005 proved the case.</p><p class="Paragraph-paragraph--2eXNE elementStyles-paragraph--3EIcW elementStyles-toneOpinion--19bv1">Hours before the hurricane hit 2.5 million Texans fled town at the same time, <a rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank" href="http://www.chron.com/news/houston-texas/houston/article/Hurricane-Rita-anxiety-leads-to-hellish-fatal-6521994.php" title="" class="styles-link--1Tap3">according to The Houston Chronicle</a>. This caused enormous, daylong traffic jams. While stranded on highways, people were injured or killed from heat stroke. Others got in fights. And a bus that was transporting elderly people from a nursing home exploded, killing 23 people.</p><p class="Paragraph-paragraph--2eXNE elementStyles-paragraph--3EIcW elementStyles-toneOpinion--19bv1">In total, some 130 people died in that evacuation, more than have ever perished in a hurricane in the state’s history, with the exception of the 1900 Galveston storm. Of those deaths, about half occurred before the storm hit Texas.</p><p class="Paragraph-paragraph--2eXNE elementStyles-paragraph--3EIcW elementStyles-toneOpinion--19bv1">After Hurricane Rita, I served on a governor’s commission that studied what went wrong in the evacuation. In 2005, I headed a regional task force that held hearings for hundreds of hours, for nearly a year. The work of that commission became the basis for new evacuation plans that proved reasonably effective for the Hurricane Ike evacuation in 2008. I can tell you from that experience, any attempt to evacuate Houston ahead of Tropical Storm Harvey would have made the situation much worse and almost certainly resulted in more deaths.</p><p class="Paragraph-paragraph--2eXNE elementStyles-paragraph--3EIcW elementStyles-toneOpinion--19bv1">I narrowly lost in a runoff to Mr. Turner in the December 2015 mayoral race. While he and I certainly have our political and policy differences, the current suggestion in the news media that he should have called for an evacuation of Houston is absurd.</p><p class="Paragraph-paragraph--2eXNE elementStyles-paragraph--3EIcW elementStyles-toneOpinion--19bv1">Attempting to evacuate areas that might be affected by localized flooding because of rainfall is an entirely different problem from evacuating areas in danger of flooding by storm surge, the rise in seawater level caused by a storm’s winds pushing water onshore. We can predict with reasonable accuracy what areas will be flooded by storm surge based on the forecast and elevations. But flooding from rainfall is highly unpredictable and variable based on the dynamics of each particular rain event. Rarely will we know days in advance which areas will be flooded.</p><p class="Paragraph-paragraph--2eXNE elementStyles-paragraph--3EIcW elementStyles-toneOpinion--19bv1">An evacuation of the entire city is a logistical impossibility. There is simply not enough roadway, gasoline in inventory or facilities in nearby cities to transport and house 2.3 million evacuees. Any such misguided attempt would have resulted in the same disaster we saw with Hurricane Rita, with thousands of disabled cars on the freeways and hundreds of thousands trapped on the road in the weather conditions we now endure.</p><p class="Paragraph-paragraph--2eXNE elementStyles-paragraph--3EIcW elementStyles-toneOpinion--19bv1">While we do not have any hard numbers yet, my guess is that we will eventually learn that something less than 10 percent of the homes in the Houston region have been flooded by this storm. Had a general evacuation been called, 90 percent of the people would have evacuated for no reason.</p><p class="Paragraph-paragraph--2eXNE elementStyles-paragraph--3EIcW elementStyles-toneOpinion--19bv1">Once the rains have passed and the waters have receded, there are plenty of legitimate questions that need to be asked about whether our regions are prepared for this kind of localized flooding. What plans were in place for high-water rescues? Why weren’t more rescue boats and high-water vehicles positioned, especially considering that we had several days’ warning that catastrophic rainfall was headed our direction?</p><p class="Paragraph-paragraph--2eXNE elementStyles-paragraph--3EIcW elementStyles-toneOpinion--19bv1">Why were volunteer rescue organizations not activated earlier? Why are we having 100-year and 500-year floods every few years? Why, in this age of virtual networks, is our 911 system not expandable to handle a spike in calls? Why are we still licensing nursing homes in flood-prone areas? How is it that such a facility gets inundated with several feet of water and local officials learn about it on social media?</p><p class="Paragraph-paragraph--2eXNE elementStyles-paragraph--3EIcW elementStyles-toneOpinion--19bv1">We should, and must, ask these questions at the appropriate time so that we do better next time. And trust me, there will be a next time. But second-guessing or speculating that Mayor Turner and other local officials should have called for mandatory evacuations is nonsense and betrays a fundamental ignorance of evacuation dynamics.</p><div class="bottom-of-article"><div class="elementStyles-addendums--1S4tV elementStyles-toneOpinion--19bv1"></div><div class="elementStyles-extendedInformation--3NG2u elementStyles-toneOpinion--19bv1"><p>Bill King is a former columnist for The Houston Chronicle.</p> <p><em>Follow The New York Times Opinion section on <a href="https://www.facebook.com/nytopinion">Facebook</a> and <a href="http://twitter.com/NYTOpinion">Twitter (@NYTopinion)</a>, and sign up for the <a href="http://www.nytimes.com/newsletters/opiniontoday/">Opinion Today newsletter</a>. <br /></em></p></div><div role="toolbar" aria-label="Social Media Share buttons, Save button, and Comments Panel with current comment count" class="SectionBarShare-shareMenu--2ndEi SectionBarShare-toneOpinion--3cBot SectionBarShare-bottom--3ONdV"><ul class="SectionBarShare-shareNetworks--2k4ev"><li class="SectionBarShare-shareItem--2tuw6"><a href="https://www.facebook.com/dialog/feed?app_id=9869919170&amp;link=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2017%2F08%2F28%2Fopinion%2Fharvey-flooding-mayor-evacuation.html&amp;smid=fb-share&amp;name=Houston%E2%80%99s%20Mayor%20Was%20Right%20to%20Not%20Evacuate&amp;redirect_uri=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.facebook.com%2F" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" aria-label="Share on Facebook"><i aria-label="Share on Facebook" class="SectionBarShare-shareIcon--2Rcfq SectionBarShare-facebook--K5FwP"></i></a></li><li class="SectionBarShare-shareItem--2tuw6"><a href="https://twitter.com/intent/tweet?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2017%2F08%2F28%2Fopinion%2Fharvey-flooding-mayor-evacuation.html&amp;text=Houston%E2%80%99s%20Mayor%20Was%20Right%20to%20Not%20Evacuate" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" aria-label="Share on Twitter"><i aria-label="Share on Twitter" class="SectionBarShare-shareIcon--2Rcfq SectionBarShare-twitter--1duan"></i></a></li><li class="SectionBarShare-shareItem--2tuw6"><a href="mailto:?subject=NYTimes.com%3A%20Houston%E2%80%99s%20Mayor%20Was%20Right%20to%20Not%20Evacuate&amp;body=From%20The%20New%20York%20Times%3A%0A%0AHouston%E2%80%99s%20Mayor%20Was%20Right%20to%20Not%20Evacuate%0A%0AWe%20didn%E2%80%99t%20have%20the%20capacity%20to%20transport%20and%20house%20millions%20of%20evacuees.%0A%0Ahttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2017%2F08%2F28%2Fopinion%2Fharvey-flooding-mayor-evacuation.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" aria-label="Email"><i aria-label="Email" class="SectionBarShare-shareIcon--2Rcfq SectionBarShare-email--2FAK7"></i></a></li><li class="SectionBarShare-shareItem--2tuw6"><div class="ButtonModal-container--3hzMP"><button aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="More sharing options" class="SectionBarShare-shareButton--2f1RP"><i class="SectionBarShare-shareIcon--2Rcfq SectionBarShare-shareMenu--2ndEi"></i></button></div></li><li class="SectionBarShare-shareItem--2tuw6"><span class="SpeechBubble-speechBubble--zqxeK"><i class="SpeechBubble-icon--HfP4A"><span class="SpeechBubble-text--2EpIH"></span></i></span></li></ul></div></div><div id="newsletter-module" class="Newsletter-wrap--1WbCb Newsletter-toneOpinion--QgKDK"><div class="Newsletter-innerWrap--11kfa"><div class="Newsletter-newsletterMeta--3E1rg Newsletter-control--35VjP"><h2 class="Newsletter-headline--3-pfJ">Sign up for the Opinion Today newsletter</h2><p class="Newsletter-newsletterSummary--2p6Sz">Every weekday, get thought-provoking commentary from Op-Ed columnists, The Times editorial board and contributing writers from around the world.</p><p class="Newsletter-sampleLink--3JsUw"><a rel="noopener noreferrer" class="SampleLink-sample--3O-sh" target="_blank" href="https://www.nytimes.com/newsletters/sample/opinion-today">SEE SAMPLE</a></p></div><div><div class="Newsletter-formWrapper--17AoX" id="newsletter-promo" data-newsletter-productcode="TY" data-newsletter-producttitle="Sign up for the Opinion Today newsletter"><div name="regilite" class="Newsletter-form--3GD5z" method="post" autoComplete="off"><div class="Newsletter-inputControl--2r2PB"><div><p class="Newsletter-error--AMLQD Newsletter-hidden--1yomn">Please verify you’re not a robot by clicking the box.</p><p class="Newsletter-error--AMLQD Newsletter-hidden--1yomn">Invalid email address. 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not.","formats":[]},"$Article:QXJ0aWNsZTpueXQ6Ly9hcnRpY2xlLzYzMzMyNmNlLTE3MWItNThmOC1iYjJhLTlmMzRlZmYzODk5Yg==.sprinkledBody.content.4":{"__typename":"ParagraphBlock","textAlign":"DEFAULT","content":[{"type":"id","id":"$Article:QXJ0aWNsZTpueXQ6Ly9hcnRpY2xlLzYzMzMyNmNlLTE3MWItNThmOC1iYjJhLTlmMzRlZmYzODk5Yg==.sprinkledBody.content.4.content.0","generated":true}]},"$Article:QXJ0aWNsZTpueXQ6Ly9hcnRpY2xlLzYzMzMyNmNlLTE3MWItNThmOC1iYjJhLTlmMzRlZmYzODk5Yg==.sprinkledBody.content.4.content.0":{"__typename":"TextInline","text":"It is logistically impossible to evacuate millions of people from low-lying coastal areas ahead of a major hurricane. The disastrous evacuation in preparation for Hurricane Rita in 2005 proved the case.","formats":[]},"$Article:QXJ0aWNsZTpueXQ6Ly9hcnRpY2xlLzYzMzMyNmNlLTE3MWItNThmOC1iYjJhLTlmMzRlZmYzODk5Yg==.sprinkledBody.content.5":{"__typename":"Dropzone","index":1,"bad":false,"adsMobile":false,"adsDesktop":false,"adsMobileHoldout":false},"$Article:QXJ0aWNsZTpueXQ6Ly9hcnRpY2xlLzYzMzMyNmNlLTE3MWItNThmOC1iYjJhLTlmMzRlZmYzODk5Yg==.sprinkledBody.content.6":{"__typename":"ParagraphBlock","textAlign":"DEFAULT","content":[{"type":"id","id":"$Article:QXJ0aWNsZTpueXQ6Ly9hcnRpY2xlLzYzMzMyNmNlLTE3MWItNThmOC1iYjJhLTlmMzRlZmYzODk5Yg==.sprinkledBody.content.6.content.0","generated":true},{"type":"id","id":"$Article:QXJ0aWNsZTpueXQ6Ly9hcnRpY2xlLzYzMzMyNmNlLTE3MWItNThmOC1iYjJhLTlmMzRlZmYzODk5Yg==.sprinkledBody.content.6.content.1","generated":true},{"type":"id","id":"$Article:QXJ0aWNsZTpueXQ6Ly9hcnRpY2xlLzYzMzMyNmNlLTE3MWItNThmOC1iYjJhLTlmMzRlZmYzODk5Yg==.sprinkledBody.content.6.content.2","generated":true}]},"$Article:QXJ0aWNsZTpueXQ6Ly9hcnRpY2xlLzYzMzMyNmNlLTE3MWItNThmOC1iYjJhLTlmMzRlZmYzODk5Yg==.sprinkledBody.content.6.content.0":{"__typename":"TextInline","text":"Hours before the hurricane hit 2.5 million Texans fled town at the same time, ","formats":[]},"$Article:QXJ0aWNsZTpueXQ6Ly9hcnRpY2xlLzYzMzMyNmNlLTE3MWItNThmOC1iYjJhLTlmMzRlZmYzODk5Yg==.sprinkledBody.content.6.content.1":{"__typename":"TextInline","text":"according to The Houston Chronicle","formats":[{"type":"id","id":"$Article:QXJ0aWNsZTpueXQ6Ly9hcnRpY2xlLzYzMzMyNmNlLTE3MWItNThmOC1iYjJhLTlmMzRlZmYzODk5Yg==.sprinkledBody.content.6.content.1.formats.0","generated":true}]},"$Article:QXJ0aWNsZTpueXQ6Ly9hcnRpY2xlLzYzMzMyNmNlLTE3MWItNThmOC1iYjJhLTlmMzRlZmYzODk5Yg==.sprinkledBody.content.6.content.1.formats.0":{"__typename":"LinkFormat","url":"http://www.chron.com/news/houston-texas/houston/article/Hurricane-Rita-anxiety-leads-to-hellish-fatal-6521994.php","title":""},"$Article:QXJ0aWNsZTpueXQ6Ly9hcnRpY2xlLzYzMzMyNmNlLTE3MWItNThmOC1iYjJhLTlmMzRlZmYzODk5Yg==.sprinkledBody.content.6.content.2":{"__typename":"TextInline","text":". This caused enormous, daylong traffic jams. While stranded on highways, people were injured or killed from heat stroke. Others got in fights. And a bus that was transporting elderly people from a nursing home exploded, killing 23 people.","formats":[]},"$Article:QXJ0aWNsZTpueXQ6Ly9hcnRpY2xlLzYzMzMyNmNlLTE3MWItNThmOC1iYjJhLTlmMzRlZmYzODk5Yg==.sprinkledBody.content.7":{"__typename":"Dropzone","index":2,"bad":false,"adsMobile":false,"adsDesktop":false,"adsMobileHoldout":false},"$Article:QXJ0aWNsZTpueXQ6Ly9hcnRpY2xlLzYzMzMyNmNlLTE3MWItNThmOC1iYjJhLTlmMzRlZmYzODk5Yg==.sprinkledBody.content.8":{"__typename":"ParagraphBlock","textAlign":"DEFAULT","content":[{"type":"id","id":"$Article:QXJ0aWNsZTpueXQ6Ly9hcnRpY2xlLzYzMzMyNmNlLTE3MWItNThmOC1iYjJhLTlmMzRlZmYzODk5Yg==.sprinkledBody.content.8.content.0","generated":true}]},"$Article:QXJ0aWNsZTpueXQ6Ly9hcnRpY2xlLzYzMzMyNmNlLTE3MWItNThmOC1iYjJhLTlmMzRlZmYzODk5Yg==.sprinkledBody.content.8.content.0":{"__typename":"TextInline","text":"In total, some 130 people died in that evacuation, more than have ever perished in a hurricane in the state’s history, with the exception of the 1900 Galveston storm. Of those deaths, about half occurred before the storm hit Texas.","formats":[]},"$Article:QXJ0aWNsZTpueXQ6Ly9hcnRpY2xlLzYzMzMyNmNlLTE3MWItNThmOC1iYjJhLTlmMzRlZmYzODk5Yg==.sprinkledBody.content.9":{"__typename":"Dropzone","index":3,"bad":false,"adsMobile":true,"adsDesktop":true,"adsMobileHoldout":true},"$Article:QXJ0aWNsZTpueXQ6Ly9hcnRpY2xlLzYzMzMyNmNlLTE3MWItNThmOC1iYjJhLTlmMzRlZmYzODk5Yg==.sprinkledBody.content.10":{"__typename":"ParagraphBlock","textAlign":"DEFAULT","content":[{"type":"id","id":"$Article:QXJ0aWNsZTpueXQ6Ly9hcnRpY2xlLzYzMzMyNmNlLTE3MWItNThmOC1iYjJhLTlmMzRlZmYzODk5Yg==.sprinkledBody.content.10.content.0","generated":true}]},"$Article:QXJ0aWNsZTpueXQ6Ly9hcnRpY2xlLzYzMzMyNmNlLTE3MWItNThmOC1iYjJhLTlmMzRlZmYzODk5Yg==.sprinkledBody.content.10.content.0":{"__typename":"TextInline","text":"After Hurricane Rita, I served on a governor’s commission that studied what went wrong in the evacuation. In 2005, I headed a regional task force that held hearings for hundreds of hours, for nearly a year. The work of that commission became the basis for new evacuation plans that proved reasonably effective for the Hurricane Ike evacuation in 2008. I can tell you from that experience, any attempt to evacuate Houston ahead of Tropical Storm Harvey would have made the situation much worse and almost certainly resulted in more deaths.","formats":[]},"$Article:QXJ0aWNsZTpueXQ6Ly9hcnRpY2xlLzYzMzMyNmNlLTE3MWItNThmOC1iYjJhLTlmMzRlZmYzODk5Yg==.sprinkledBody.content.11":{"__typename":"Dropzone","index":4,"bad":true,"adsMobile":false,"adsDesktop":false,"adsMobileHoldout":false},"$Article:QXJ0aWNsZTpueXQ6Ly9hcnRpY2xlLzYzMzMyNmNlLTE3MWItNThmOC1iYjJhLTlmMzRlZmYzODk5Yg==.sprinkledBody.content.12":{"__typename":"InteractiveBlock","size":"MEDIUM","media":{"type":"id","id":"$Article:QXJ0aWNsZTpueXQ6Ly9hcnRpY2xlLzYzMzMyNmNlLTE3MWItNThmOC1iYjJhLTlmMzRlZmYzODk5Yg==.sprinkledBody.content.12.media","generated":true}},"$Article:QXJ0aWNsZTpueXQ6Ly9hcnRpY2xlLzYzMzMyNmNlLTE3MWItNThmOC1iYjJhLTlmMzRlZmYzODk5Yg==.sprinkledBody.content.12.media":{"__typename":"EmbeddedInteractive","slug":"newsletter-signup-Opinion-TY","html":"\u003c!--\r\n\r\n======================================================\r\n\r\nTHIS IS A GENERATED TEMPLATE FILE. DO NOT EDIT.\r\n\r\n======================================================\r\n\r\n-->\r\n\u003c!-- this file is generated from src/style.css -->\r\n\u003clink rel=\"stylesheet\" type=\"text/css\" href=\"https://static01.nyt.com/newsgraphics/2014/12/02/email-kirstof-embed/cbc36bdb86303cbcf8bdfea5a048ab3f44bf5ce1/build.css\">\r\n\r\n\u003cdiv id=\"d-promo-realestate\">\r\n\t\u003ch2 class=\"d-headline\">Sign Up for the Opinion Today Newsletter\u003c/h2>\r\n\t\u003cp class=\"d-leadin\">Every weekday, get thought-provoking commentary from Op-Ed columnists, The Times editorial board and contributing writers from around the world.\u003c/p>\r\n\t\u003ciframe height=\"45\" title=\"regilite\" src=\"https://www.nytimes.com/newsletters/regilite/button?product=TY&title=Opinion+Today\" scrolling=\"no\" allowtransparency=\"true\">\u003c/iframe>\r\n\u003c/div>\r\n\r\n\u003c!-- signup_page_url: http://www.nytimes.com/newsletters/opiniontoday -->\r\n\r\n\u003cscript>\r\nvar NYTG_ASSETS = \"https://static01.nyt.com/newsgraphics/2014/12/02/email-kirstof-embed/cbc36bdb86303cbcf8bdfea5a048ab3f44bf5ce1/\";\r\nvar NYTG_BIG_ASSETS = \"https://static01.nyt.com/newsgraphics/2014/12/02/email-kirstof-embed/assets/\";\r\nrequire(['foundation/main'], function() {\r\n  // this file is generated from src/script.js\r\n  require([\"https://static01.nyt.com/newsgraphics/2014/12/02/email-kirstof-embed/cbc36bdb86303cbcf8bdfea5a048ab3f44bf5ce1/build.js\"]);\r\n});\r\n\u003c/script>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n","compatibility":"NYT5","headline":{"type":"id","id":"$Article:QXJ0aWNsZTpueXQ6Ly9hcnRpY2xlLzYzMzMyNmNlLTE3MWItNThmOC1iYjJhLTlmMzRlZmYzODk5Yg==.sprinkledBody.content.12.media.headline","generated":true},"advertisingProperties":{"type":"id","id":"$Article:QXJ0aWNsZTpueXQ6Ly9hcnRpY2xlLzYzMzMyNmNlLTE3MWItNThmOC1iYjJhLTlmMzRlZmYzODk5Yg==.sprinkledBody.content.12.media.advertisingProperties","generated":true},"displayProperties":{"type":"id","id":"$Article:QXJ0aWNsZTpueXQ6Ly9hcnRpY2xlLzYzMzMyNmNlLTE3MWItNThmOC1iYjJhLTlmMzRlZmYzODk5Yg==.sprinkledBody.content.12.media.displayProperties","generated":true},"bylines":[],"sourceId":"100000003889944","credit":"","leadin":"","note":"","dataSource":"","css":"","js":"","uri":"nyt://embeddedinteractive/44a59646-fa5a-50a9-8bf4-0ae27b704b06"},"$Article:QXJ0aWNsZTpueXQ6Ly9hcnRpY2xlLzYzMzMyNmNlLTE3MWItNThmOC1iYjJhLTlmMzRlZmYzODk5Yg==.sprinkledBody.content.12.media.headline":{"default":"Sign Up for the Opinion Today Newsletter","__typename":"CreativeWorkHeadline"},"$Article:QXJ0aWNsZTpueXQ6Ly9hcnRpY2xlLzYzMzMyNmNlLTE3MWItNThmOC1iYjJhLTlmMzRlZmYzODk5Yg==.sprinkledBody.content.12.media.advertisingProperties":{"sensitivity":"SHOW_ADS","__typename":"CreativeWorkAdvertisingProperties"},"$Article:QXJ0aWNsZTpueXQ6Ly9hcnRpY2xlLzYzMzMyNmNlLTE3MWItNThmOC1iYjJhLTlmMzRlZmYzODk5Yg==.sprinkledBody.content.12.media.displayProperties":{"displayForPromotionOnly":true,"maximumWidth":300,"__typename":"CreativeWorkDisplayProperties"},"$Article:QXJ0aWNsZTpueXQ6Ly9hcnRpY2xlLzYzMzMyNmNlLTE3MWItNThmOC1iYjJhLTlmMzRlZmYzODk5Yg==.sprinkledBody.content.13":{"__typename":"ParagraphBlock","textAlign":"DEFAULT","content":[{"type":"id","id":"$Article:QXJ0aWNsZTpueXQ6Ly9hcnRpY2xlLzYzMzMyNmNlLTE3MWItNThmOC1iYjJhLTlmMzRlZmYzODk5Yg==.sprinkledBody.content.13.content.0","generated":true}]},"$Article:QXJ0aWNsZTpueXQ6Ly9hcnRpY2xlLzYzMzMyNmNlLTE3MWItNThmOC1iYjJhLTlmMzRlZmYzODk5Yg==.sprinkledBody.content.13.content.0":{"__typename":"TextInline","text":"I narrowly lost in a runoff to Mr. Turner in the December 2015 mayoral race. While he and I certainly have our political and policy differences, the current suggestion in the news media that he should have called for an evacuation of Houston is absurd.","formats":[]},"$Article:QXJ0aWNsZTpueXQ6Ly9hcnRpY2xlLzYzMzMyNmNlLTE3MWItNThmOC1iYjJhLTlmMzRlZmYzODk5Yg==.sprinkledBody.content.14":{"__typename":"Dropzone","index":5,"bad":false,"adsMobile":false,"adsDesktop":false,"adsMobileHoldout":false},"$Article:QXJ0aWNsZTpueXQ6Ly9hcnRpY2xlLzYzMzMyNmNlLTE3MWItNThmOC1iYjJhLTlmMzRlZmYzODk5Yg==.sprinkledBody.content.15":{"__typename":"ParagraphBlock","textAlign":"DEFAULT","content":[{"type":"id","id":"$Article:QXJ0aWNsZTpueXQ6Ly9hcnRpY2xlLzYzMzMyNmNlLTE3MWItNThmOC1iYjJhLTlmMzRlZmYzODk5Yg==.sprinkledBody.content.15.content.0","generated":true}]},"$Article:QXJ0aWNsZTpueXQ6Ly9hcnRpY2xlLzYzMzMyNmNlLTE3MWItNThmOC1iYjJhLTlmMzRlZmYzODk5Yg==.sprinkledBody.content.15.content.0":{"__typename":"TextInline","text":"Attempting to evacuate areas that might be affected by localized flooding because of rainfall is an entirely different problem from evacuating areas in danger of flooding by storm surge, the rise in seawater level caused by a storm’s winds pushing water onshore. We can predict with reasonable accuracy what areas will be flooded by storm surge based on the forecast and elevations. But flooding from rainfall is highly unpredictable and variable based on the dynamics of each particular rain event. Rarely will we know days in advance which areas will be flooded.","formats":[]},"$Article:QXJ0aWNsZTpueXQ6Ly9hcnRpY2xlLzYzMzMyNmNlLTE3MWItNThmOC1iYjJhLTlmMzRlZmYzODk5Yg==.sprinkledBody.content.16":{"__typename":"Dropzone","index":6,"bad":false,"adsMobile":false,"adsDesktop":false,"adsMobileHoldout":false},"$Article:QXJ0aWNsZTpueXQ6Ly9hcnRpY2xlLzYzMzMyNmNlLTE3MWItNThmOC1iYjJhLTlmMzRlZmYzODk5Yg==.sprinkledBody.content.17":{"__typename":"ParagraphBlock","textAlign":"DEFAULT","content":[{"type":"id","id":"$Article:QXJ0aWNsZTpueXQ6Ly9hcnRpY2xlLzYzMzMyNmNlLTE3MWItNThmOC1iYjJhLTlmMzRlZmYzODk5Yg==.sprinkledBody.content.17.content.0","generated":true}]},"$Article:QXJ0aWNsZTpueXQ6Ly9hcnRpY2xlLzYzMzMyNmNlLTE3MWItNThmOC1iYjJhLTlmMzRlZmYzODk5Yg==.sprinkledBody.content.17.content.0":{"__typename":"TextInline","text":"An evacuation of the entire city is a logistical impossibility. There is simply not enough roadway, gasoline in inventory or facilities in nearby cities to transport and house 2.3 million evacuees. Any such misguided attempt would have resulted in the same disaster we saw with Hurricane Rita, with thousands of disabled cars on the freeways and hundreds of thousands trapped on the road in the weather conditions we now endure.","formats":[]},"$Article:QXJ0aWNsZTpueXQ6Ly9hcnRpY2xlLzYzMzMyNmNlLTE3MWItNThmOC1iYjJhLTlmMzRlZmYzODk5Yg==.sprinkledBody.content.18":{"__typename":"Dropzone","index":7,"bad":false,"adsMobile":true,"adsDesktop":false,"adsMobileHoldout":false},"$Article:QXJ0aWNsZTpueXQ6Ly9hcnRpY2xlLzYzMzMyNmNlLTE3MWItNThmOC1iYjJhLTlmMzRlZmYzODk5Yg==.sprinkledBody.content.19":{"__typename":"ParagraphBlock","textAlign":"DEFAULT","content":[{"type":"id","id":"$Article:QXJ0aWNsZTpueXQ6Ly9hcnRpY2xlLzYzMzMyNmNlLTE3MWItNThmOC1iYjJhLTlmMzRlZmYzODk5Yg==.sprinkledBody.content.19.content.0","generated":true}]},"$Article:QXJ0aWNsZTpueXQ6Ly9hcnRpY2xlLzYzMzMyNmNlLTE3MWItNThmOC1iYjJhLTlmMzRlZmYzODk5Yg==.sprinkledBody.content.19.content.0":{"__typename":"TextInline","text":"While we do not have any hard numbers yet, my guess is that we will eventually learn that something less than 10 percent of the homes in the Houston region have been flooded by this storm. Had a general evacuation been called, 90 percent of the people would have evacuated for no reason.","formats":[]},"$Article:QXJ0aWNsZTpueXQ6Ly9hcnRpY2xlLzYzMzMyNmNlLTE3MWItNThmOC1iYjJhLTlmMzRlZmYzODk5Yg==.sprinkledBody.content.20":{"__typename":"Dropzone","index":8,"bad":false,"adsMobile":false,"adsDesktop":false,"adsMobileHoldout":false},"$Article:QXJ0aWNsZTpueXQ6Ly9hcnRpY2xlLzYzMzMyNmNlLTE3MWItNThmOC1iYjJhLTlmMzRlZmYzODk5Yg==.sprinkledBody.content.21":{"__typename":"ParagraphBlock","textAlign":"DEFAULT","content":[{"type":"id","id":"$Article:QXJ0aWNsZTpueXQ6Ly9hcnRpY2xlLzYzMzMyNmNlLTE3MWItNThmOC1iYjJhLTlmMzRlZmYzODk5Yg==.sprinkledBody.content.21.content.0","generated":true}]},"$Article:QXJ0aWNsZTpueXQ6Ly9hcnRpY2xlLzYzMzMyNmNlLTE3MWItNThmOC1iYjJhLTlmMzRlZmYzODk5Yg==.sprinkledBody.content.21.content.0":{"__typename":"TextInline","text":"Once the rains have passed and the waters have receded, there are plenty of legitimate questions that need to be asked about whether our regions are prepared for this kind of localized flooding. What plans were in place for high-water rescues? Why weren’t more rescue boats and high-water vehicles positioned, especially considering that we had several days’ warning that catastrophic rainfall was headed our direction?","formats":[]},"$Article:QXJ0aWNsZTpueXQ6Ly9hcnRpY2xlLzYzMzMyNmNlLTE3MWItNThmOC1iYjJhLTlmMzRlZmYzODk5Yg==.sprinkledBody.content.22":{"__typename":"Dropzone","index":9,"bad":false,"adsMobile":false,"adsDesktop":false,"adsMobileHoldout":true},"$Article:QXJ0aWNsZTpueXQ6Ly9hcnRpY2xlLzYzMzMyNmNlLTE3MWItNThmOC1iYjJhLTlmMzRlZmYzODk5Yg==.sprinkledBody.content.23":{"__typename":"ParagraphBlock","textAlign":"DEFAULT","content":[{"type":"id","id":"$Article:QXJ0aWNsZTpueXQ6Ly9hcnRpY2xlLzYzMzMyNmNlLTE3MWItNThmOC1iYjJhLTlmMzRlZmYzODk5Yg==.sprinkledBody.content.23.content.0","generated":true}]},"$Article:QXJ0aWNsZTpueXQ6Ly9hcnRpY2xlLzYzMzMyNmNlLTE3MWItNThmOC1iYjJhLTlmMzRlZmYzODk5Yg==.sprinkledBody.content.23.content.0":{"__typename":"TextInline","text":"Why were volunteer rescue organizations not activated earlier? Why are we having 100-year and 500-year floods every few years? Why, in this age of virtual networks, is our 911 system not expandable to handle a spike in calls? Why are we still licensing nursing homes in flood-prone areas? How is it that such a facility gets inundated with several feet of water and local officials learn about it on social media?","formats":[]},"$Article:QXJ0aWNsZTpueXQ6Ly9hcnRpY2xlLzYzMzMyNmNlLTE3MWItNThmOC1iYjJhLTlmMzRlZmYzODk5Yg==.sprinkledBody.content.24":{"__typename":"Dropzone","index":10,"bad":false,"adsMobile":false,"adsDesktop":false,"adsMobileHoldout":false},"$Article:QXJ0aWNsZTpueXQ6Ly9hcnRpY2xlLzYzMzMyNmNlLTE3MWItNThmOC1iYjJhLTlmMzRlZmYzODk5Yg==.sprinkledBody.content.25":{"__typename":"ParagraphBlock","textAlign":"DEFAULT","content":[{"type":"id","id":"$Article:QXJ0aWNsZTpueXQ6Ly9hcnRpY2xlLzYzMzMyNmNlLTE3MWItNThmOC1iYjJhLTlmMzRlZmYzODk5Yg==.sprinkledBody.content.25.content.0","generated":true}]},"$Article:QXJ0aWNsZTpueXQ6Ly9hcnRpY2xlLzYzMzMyNmNlLTE3MWItNThmOC1iYjJhLTlmMzRlZmYzODk5Yg==.sprinkledBody.content.25.content.0":{"__typename":"TextInline","text":"We should, and must, ask these questions at the appropriate time so that we do better next time. And trust me, there will be a next time. But second-guessing or speculating that Mayor Turner and other local officials should have called for mandatory evacuations is nonsense and betrays a fundamental ignorance of evacuation 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