<!DOCTYPE html
  PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">
<html
      xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
      xml:lang="en"
      lang="en">
   <head>
      <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" />
      <title>Whole-Genome Sequencing of a Human Clinical Isolate of emm28 Streptococcus pyogenes Causing Necrotizing Fasciitis Acquired
         Contemporaneously with Hurricane Harvey 
      </title>
      <meta name="googlebot" content="NOODP" />
      <meta name="googlebot" content="NOODP" />
      <meta name="HW.ad-path" content="/cgi/content/full/5/45/e01269-17" />
      <meta content="/ga/5/45/e01269-17.atom" name="HW.identifier" />
      <meta name="DC.Format" content="text/html" />
      <meta name="DC.Language" content="en" />
      <meta content="Whole-Genome Sequencing of a Human Clinical Isolate of emm28 Streptococcus pyogenes Causing Necrotizing Fasciitis Acquired Contemporaneously with Hurricane Harvey"
            name="DC.Title" />
      <meta content="10.1128/genomeA.01269-17" name="DC.Identifier" />
      <meta content="2017-11-09" name="DC.Date" />
      <meta content="American Society for Microbiology" name="DC.Publisher" />
      <meta content="S. Wesley Long" name="DC.Contributor" />
      <meta content="Priyanka Kachroo" name="DC.Contributor" />
      <meta content="James M. Musser" name="DC.Contributor" />
      <meta content="Randall J. Olsen" name="DC.Contributor" />
      <meta content="Genome Announcements" name="citation_journal_title" />
      <meta content="Genome Announc." name="citation_journal_abbrev" />
      <meta content="" name="citation_issn" />
      <meta content="2169-8287" name="citation_issn" />
      <meta name="citation_author" content="S. Wesley Long" />
      <meta name="citation_author_orcid" content="0000-0003-3043-5307" />
      <meta name="citation_author_institution"
            content="aCenter for Molecular and Translational Human Infectious Diseases Research, Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute and Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA" />
      <meta name="citation_author_institution"
            content="bDepartment of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA" />
      <meta name="citation_author" content="Priyanka Kachroo" />
      <meta name="citation_author_orcid" content="0000-0002-3563-7832" />
      <meta name="citation_author_institution"
            content="aCenter for Molecular and Translational Human Infectious Diseases Research, Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute and Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA" />
      <meta name="citation_author" content="James M. Musser" />
      <meta name="citation_author_institution"
            content="aCenter for Molecular and Translational Human Infectious Diseases Research, Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute and Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA" />
      <meta name="citation_author_institution"
            content="bDepartment of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA" />
      <meta name="citation_author" content="Randall J. Olsen" />
      <meta name="citation_author_institution"
            content="aCenter for Molecular and Translational Human Infectious Diseases Research, Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute and Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA" />
      <meta name="citation_author_institution"
            content="bDepartment of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA" />
      <meta content="Whole-Genome Sequencing of a Human Clinical Isolate of emm28 Streptococcus pyogenes Causing Necrotizing Fasciitis Acquired Contemporaneously with Hurricane Harvey"
            name="citation_title" />
      <meta content="11/09/2017" name="citation_date" />
      <meta content="5" name="citation_volume" />
      <meta content="45" name="citation_issue" />
      <meta content="e01269-17" name="citation_firstpage" />
      <meta content="5/45/e01269-17" name="citation_id" />
      <meta content="5/45/e01269-17" name="citation_id_from_sass_path" />
      <meta content="ga;5/45/e01269-17" name="citation_mjid" />
      <meta content="10.1128/genomeA.01269-17" name="citation_doi" />
      <meta content="http://genomea.asm.org/content/5/45/e01269-17.abstract"
            name="citation_abstract_html_url" />
      <meta content="http://genomea.asm.org/content/5/45/e01269-17.full"
            name="citation_fulltext_html_url" />
      <meta content="http://genomea.asm.org/content/5/45/e01269-17.full.pdf"
            name="citation_pdf_url" />
      <meta content="/content/5/45.cover.gif" name="issue_cover_image" />
      <meta content="http://genomea.asm.org/content/5/45/e01269-17"
            name="citation_public_url" />
      <meta content="29122881" name="citation_pmid" />
      <meta name="citation_access" content="all" />
      <meta name="citation_fulltext_world_readable" content="" />
      <meta name="citation_section" content="Prokaryotes" />
      <meta name="robots" content="noarchive,nofollow" />
      <meta name="googlebot" content="noarchive" />
      <link href="/content/5/45/e01219-17.short" rel="prev" />
      <link href="/content/5/45/e01281-17.short" rel="next" />
      <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" media="all" href="/shared/css/hw-global.css" />
      <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" media="print" href="/shared/css/hw-print.css" />
      <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" media="all"
            href="/shared/css/standard-designs/design2/main.css" />
      <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" media="all"
            href="/publisher/css/hw-publisher-global.css" />
      <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" media="all"
            href="/local/css/hw-local-global.css" />
      <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" media="all"
            href="/shared/css/hw-page-content.css" />
      <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" media="all"
            href="/shared/css/jquery.fancybox-1.3.4.css" />
      <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" media="all"
            href="/publisher/css/hw-publisher-page-toc-content.css" />
      <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" media="all"
            href="/shared/css/hw-global-colexpand.css" />
      <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" media="all"
            href="/publisher/css/hw-publisher-leaderboard.css" />
      <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" media="all" href="/site/css/global_styles.css" /><script type="text/javascript" id="session-d450646e1">var callbackToken='5322E39389650FD';</script><script type="text/javascript" id="session-d450646e3">
                      var subCode='asmjournal_sub';
                    </script><script type="text/javascript" src="/shared/js/jquery-min.js"></script><script type="text/javascript" src="/shared/js/fingerprint.js"></script><script type="text/javascript" src="/shared/js/hw-shared.js"></script><script type="text/javascript" src="/shared/js/design/hw-design1.js"></script><script type="text/javascript" src="/shared/js/util/hw-sheridanpod.js"></script><script type="text/javascript" src="/publisher/js/hw-publisher-global.js"></script><script type="text/javascript" src="/shared/js/pages/hw-content.js"></script><script type="text/javascript" src="/shared/js/fancybox/jquery.fancybox-1.3.4.js"></script><script type="text/javascript" src="/shared/js/fancybox/jquery.easing-1.3.pack.js"></script><script type="text/javascript"
              src="/shared/js/fancybox/jquery.mousewheel-3.0.4.pack.js"></script><script type="text/javascript" src="/shared/js/util/content.jquery.addVariantLink.js"></script><script type="text/javascript" src="/shared/js/util/hw-col-expand.js"></script><script type="text/javascript" src="/publisher/js/hw-publisher-content.js"></script><script type="text/javascript" src="/publisher/js/hw-publisher-crossmark.js"></script><script type="text/javascript" src="/shared/js/util/hw-col-expand.js"></script><script async="async" src="https://www.googletagservices.com/tag/js/gpt.js"></script><script>
  var googletag = googletag || {};
  googletag.cmd = googletag.cmd || [];
</script><script>
  googletag.cmd.push(function() {
    googletag.defineSlot('/13678947/asm-ga_leadert', [728, 90], 'div-gpt-ad-1507814876194-0').addService(googletag.pubads());
    googletag.defineSlot('/13678947/asm-ga_skyr', [160, 600], 'div-gpt-ad-1507814876194-1').addService(googletag.pubads());
    googletag.pubads().enableSingleRequest();
    googletag.enableServices();
  });
</script><script type="text/javascript" src="/publisher/js/ads-realmedia.js"></script></head>
   <body>
      <div class="hw-gen-page pagetype-content" id="pageid-content" itemscope="itemscope"
           itemtype="http://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle">
         <div id="header">
            
            <h1> <a href="http://www.asm.org" id="society-link"><span>American Society for Microbiology</span></a><a id="logo" href="/"><span>Genome Announcements</span></a></h1>
            
            <p id="skip-link">
               <a href="#content-block">Skip to main page content</a>
               
            </p>
            
            <ul class="button-list header-buttons">
               <li class="first"><a href="/" title="Home"><span>Home</span></a></li>
               <li><a href="/content/current" title="Current Issue"><span>Current Issue</span></a></li>
               <li><a href="/content/by/year" title="Archive"><span>Archive</span></a></li>
               <li><a href="http://journals.asm.org/cgi/alerts/etoc" title="Alerts"><span>Alerts</span></a></li>
               <li><a href="http://www.asm.org/about-asm" title="About ASM"><span>About ASM</span></a></li>
               <li><a href="/site/misc/contact.xhtml" title="Contact us"><span>Contact us</span></a></li>
               <li><a href="/cgi/feedback" title="Tech Support"><span>Tech Support</span></a></li>
               <li class="last"><a href="http://journals.asm.org/" title="Journals."><span>Journals.
                        <span xmlns="" class="red">ASM</span>.org</span></a></li>
            </ul>
            
            
            <div class="header-qs">
               
               <form class="searchbox" action="/search" method="get">
                  <div>
                     <label for="header-qs-input" id="header-qs-search-label">keywords</label>
                     <input value="" title="keywords" type="text" name="fulltext" id="header-qs-input" /><input type="hidden" name="submit" value="yes" /><label for="header-qs-search" id="header-qs-search-label">GO</label><input value="GO" alt="Link: Go" type="image" id="header-qs-search-go"
                            src="/local/img/btn-go.gif" />
                     
                  </div>
                  <div class="adv-search-link"><a href="/search">Advanced »</a></div>
               </form>   
               
            </div>
            
            <div class="header-ac-elements">
               
               <div class="inst-branding">
                  
               </div>
               
               <div id="authstring">
                  
                  <ul>
                     <li class="subscr-ref">Institution: University Libraries | Virginia Tech</li>
                  </ul>           
                  
               </div> 
               
               
               <div id="hdr-login">
                  <img alt="University Libraries | Virginia Tech"
                       src="/userimage/0b662fb2-4576-48ec-8cde-f65abd0d907e-20130521"
                       class="hwac-institutional-logo" />
                  
               </div>
               
            </div>
            
            <div class="banner-ads">
               
               <ul>
                  <li class="position-1 no-ad hdr_left"><span>  </span></li>
               </ul>
               
            </div>
            
            <div class="bar">
               
               <div class="bar-inner"></div>
               
            </div>
            
         </div>
         <div id="leaderboard" class="leaderboard-ads">
            
            <ul>
               <li class="position-ad">
                  
                  
                  <div id="div-gpt-ad-1507814876194-0" style="height:90px; width:728px;">
                     <script>
googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.display('div-gpt-ad-1507814876194-0'); });
</script>
                     </div>
                  
               </li>
            </ul>
            
         </div>
         <div class="leaderboard-clear sb-div"></div>
         <div id="content-block">
            <div class="crossmark-logo">
               
               		            
               <script src="https://crossmark-cdn.crossref.org/widget/v2.0/widget.js"></script> 
               <a data-target="crossmark"><img src="https://crossmark-cdn.crossref.org/widget/v2.0/logos/CROSSMARK_Color_horizontal.svg"
                       width="150" /></a> 
               
            </div>
            <div class="article fulltext-view " itemprop="articleBody"><span class="highwire-journal-article-marker-start"></span><h1 id="article-title-1" itemprop="headline">Whole-Genome Sequencing of a Human Clinical Isolate of <em>emm28 Streptococcus pyogenes</em> Causing Necrotizing Fasciitis Acquired Contemporaneously with Hurricane Harvey
               </h1>
               <div class="contributors">
                  <ol class="contributor-list" id="contrib-group-1">
                     <li class="contributor" id="contrib-1" itemprop="author" itemscope="itemscope"
                         itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"><span class="name" itemprop="name"><a class="name-search"
                              href="/search?author1=S.+Wesley+Long&amp;sortspec=date&amp;submit=Submit">S. Wesley Long</a></span><a id="xref-aff-1-1" class="xref-aff" href="#aff-1"><sup>a</sup></a><span class="xref-sep">,</span><a id="xref-aff-2-1" class="xref-aff" href="#aff-2"><sup>b</sup></a>, 
                     </li>
                     <li class="contributor" id="contrib-2" itemprop="author" itemscope="itemscope"
                         itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"><span class="name" itemprop="name"><a class="name-search"
                              href="/search?author1=Priyanka+Kachroo&amp;sortspec=date&amp;submit=Submit">Priyanka Kachroo</a></span><a id="xref-aff-1-2" class="xref-aff" href="#aff-1"><sup>a</sup></a>, 
                     </li>
                     <li class="contributor" id="contrib-3" itemprop="author" itemscope="itemscope"
                         itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"><span class="name" itemprop="name"><a class="name-search"
                              href="/search?author1=James+M.+Musser&amp;sortspec=date&amp;submit=Submit">James M. Musser</a></span><a id="xref-aff-1-3" class="xref-aff" href="#aff-1"><sup>a</sup></a><span class="xref-sep">,</span><a id="xref-aff-2-2" class="xref-aff" href="#aff-2"><sup>b</sup></a>, 
                     </li>
                     <li class="last" id="contrib-4"><span class="name"><a class="name-search"
                              href="/search?author1=Randall+J.+Olsen&amp;sortspec=date&amp;submit=Submit">Randall J. Olsen</a></span><a id="xref-aff-1-4" class="xref-aff" href="#aff-1"><sup>a</sup></a><span class="xref-sep">,</span><a id="xref-aff-2-3" class="xref-aff" href="#aff-2"><sup>b</sup></a></li>
                  </ol>
                  <ol class="affiliation-list">
                     <li class="aff"><a id="aff-1" name="aff-1"></a><address><sup>a</sup><span class="addr-line">Center for Molecular and Translational Human Infectious Diseases Research, Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, Houston
                              Methodist Research Institute and Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA</span></address>
                     </li>
                     <li class="aff"><a id="aff-2" name="aff-2"></a><address><sup>b</sup><span class="addr-line">Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA</span></address>
                     </li>
                  </ol>
               </div>
               <div class="section abstract" id="abstract-1" itemprop="description">
                  <div class="section-nav">
                     <div class="nav-placeholder"> </div><a href="#sec-1" title="GENOME ANNOUNCEMENT" class="next-section-link"><span>Next Section</span></a></div>
                  <h2 class="">ABSTRACT</h2>
                  <p id="p-3">We discovered an <em>emm28 Streptococcus pyogenes</em> isolate causing necrotizing fasciitis in a patient exposed to the floodwaters of Hurricane Harvey in the Houston, TX, metropolitan
                     area in August 2017. The Oxford Nanopore MinION instrument provided sufficient genome sequence data within 1 h of beginning
                     sequencing to close the genome.
                  </p>
               </div>
               <div class="section" id="sec-1">
                  <div class="section-nav"><a href="#abstract-1" title="ABSTRACT" class="prev-section-link"><span>Previous Section</span></a><a href="#ack-1" title="ACKNOWLEDGMENTS" class="next-section-link"><span>Next Section</span></a></div>
                  <h2 class="">GENOME ANNOUNCEMENT</h2>
                  <p id="p-4"><em>Streptococcus pyogenes</em> (group A streptococcus [GAS]) causes infections ranging in severity from innocuous pharyngitis (“strep throat”) to life-threatening
                     necrotizing fasciitis (flesh-eating disease) (<a id="xref-ref-1-1" class="xref-bibr" href="#ref-1">1</a>).
                  </p>
                  <p id="p-5">We sequenced the genome of strain HarveyGAS to closure using the Ligation sequencing kit 1D, R9.4 flow cell, and Oxford Nanopore
                     Technologies MinION Mk-Ib sequencer. Short-read sequence data were also generated using the Illumina Nextera XT kit and a
                     MiSeq instrument. The Unicycler hybrid assembler version 0.4.1 achieved complete closure of the genome using a combination
                     of the Illumina and Oxford Nanopore data (<a id="xref-ref-2-1" class="xref-bibr" href="#ref-2">2</a>). The HarveyGAS chromosome is 1,852,980 bp. No extrachromosomal plasmids were detected.
                  </p>
                  <p id="p-6">To taxonomically classify the HarveyGAS strain, we first used the Oxford Nanopore antimicrobial resistance workflow, which
                     includes the 1D What’s In My Pot (WIMP) workflow for identification. After only 1 h of analysis, sufficient reads had been
                     collected to clearly identify strain HarveyGAS as GAS, most likely type <em>emm28</em>. We confirmed the <em>emm28</em> prediction using the Illumina reads, SRST2, and a custom <em>emm</em>-type database (<a id="xref-ref-3-1" class="xref-bibr" href="#ref-3">3</a>). No acquired antimicrobial resistance genes were identified by the Oxford Nanopore antimicrobial resistance workflow or
                     SRST2, consistent with the antimicrobial resistance phenotype determined by automated methods in our clinical microbiology
                     laboratory. Mapping sequencing reads against the original <em>emm28</em> reference genome (strain MGAS6180) showed that HarveyGAS differs by 140 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from this
                     reference genome. Of note, the strain lacks the 6180.2 prophage, a 42.3-kb segment of DNA that encodes SpeK and SlaA (<a id="xref-ref-4-1" class="xref-bibr" href="#ref-4">4</a>). The remaining prophage and prophage remnants (6180.1, 6180.3, and 6180.4) found in MGAS6180 are present in the HarveyGAS
                     genome.
                  </p>
                  <p id="p-7">The occurrence of this <em>emm28</em> GAS strain in a wound in a patient exposed to the floodwaters of Hurricane Harvey helps illustrate that even during periods
                     of significant natural disasters, common pathogens present in common ways. Despite a clinical suspicion of <em>Vibrio</em> species or other aquatic-associated pathogens, GAS was the agent in this case of a severe necrotizing infection. <em>emm28</em> strains are among the more common GAS serotypes to cause invasive infections in the United States (<a id="xref-ref-5-1" class="xref-bibr" href="#ref-5">5</a>). The ability of the Oxford Nanopore MinION system to rapidly sequence the genome of this isolate and provide information
                     in real time allowed for sufficient reads to be recovered and analyzed and allowed closure of the genome while the sequencer
                     was still running. In this context, this technology is a substantial advance over conventional next-generation sequencing
                     methods that use fixed run times and lengthy postrun bioinformatics to obtain FASTQ files prior to downstream analysis (<a id="xref-ref-6-1" class="xref-bibr" href="#ref-6">6</a>).
                  </p>
                  <div id="sec-2" class="subsection">
                     <p id="p-8"><span class="inline-l2-heading">Accession number(s).</span>The accession number for the HarveyGAS closed genome is <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/CP023769">CP023769</a>. The accession number for the MGAS6180 reference genome is CP000056.
                     </p>
                  </div>
               </div>
               <div class="section ack" id="ack-1">
                  <div class="section-nav"><a href="#sec-1" title="GENOME ANNOUNCEMENT" class="prev-section-link"><span>Previous Section</span></a><a href="#fn-group-1" title="FOOTNOTES" class="next-section-link"><span>Next Section</span></a></div>
                  <h2 class="">ACKNOWLEDGMENTS</h2>
                  <p id="p-9">We thank the technical staff in the Houston Methodist Hospital Clinical Microbiology Laboratory and Molecular Diagnostics
                     Laboratory for assistance.
                  </p>
                  <p id="p-10">This study was funded by the Fondren Foundation (J.M.M.).</p>
               </div>
               <div class="section fn-group" id="fn-group-1">
                  <div class="section-nav"><a href="#ack-1" title="ACKNOWLEDGMENTS" class="prev-section-link"><span>Previous Section</span></a><a href="#ref-list-1" title="REFERENCES" class="next-section-link"><span>Next Section</span></a></div>
                  <h2>FOOTNOTES</h2>
                  <ul>
                     <li class="corresp" id="corresp-1">Address correspondence to S. Wesley Long, <span class="em-link"><span class="em-addr">swlong{at}houstonmethodist.org</span></span>.
                     </li>
                     <li class="fn-other" id="fn-1">
                        <p id="p-1"><strong>Citation</strong> Long SW, Kachroo P, Musser JM, Olsen RJ. 2017. Whole-genome sequencing of a human clinical isolate of <em>emm28 Streptococcus pyogenes</em> causing necrotizing fasciitis acquired contemporaneously with Hurricane Harvey. Genome Announc 5:e01269-17. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1128/genomeA.01269-17">https://doi.org/10.1128/genomeA.01269-17</a>.
                        </p>
                     </li>
                  </ul>
               </div>
               <ul class="history-list">
                  <li xmlns:hwp="http://schema.highwire.org/Journal" class="received"
                      hwp:start="2017-10-10"><span class="received-label">Received </span>10 October 2017.
                  </li>
                  <li xmlns:hwp="http://schema.highwire.org/Journal" class="accepted"
                      hwp:start="2017-10-17"><span class="accepted-label">Accepted </span>17 October 2017.
                  </li>
                  <li class="published"><span class="published-label"> Published </span>9 November 2017.
                  </li>
               </ul>
               <ul class="copyright-statement">
                  <li class="fn" id="copyright-statement-1">Copyright © 2017 Long et al.</li>
               </ul>
               <div class="license" id="license-1">
                  <p id="p-2">This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" rel="license">Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license</a>.
                  </p>
               </div>
               <div class="section ref-list" id="ref-list-1">
                  <div class="section-nav"><a href="#fn-group-1" title="FOOTNOTES" class="prev-section-link"><span>Previous Section</span></a><div class="nav-placeholder"> </div>
                  </div>
                  <h2 class="">REFERENCES</h2>
                  <ol class="cit-list ref-use-labels">
                     <li><span class="ref-label">1.</span><a class="rev-xref-ref" href="#xref-ref-1-1" title="View reference 1. in text"
                           id="ref-1">↵</a><div class="cit ref-cit ref-journal" id="cit-5.45.e01269-17.1"
                             data-doi="10.1146/annurev-pathol-121808-102135">
                           <div class="cit-metadata">
                              <ol class="cit-auth-list">
                                 <li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Olsen</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">RJ</span></span>, 
                                 </li>
                                 <li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Musser</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">JM</span></span></li>
                              </ol><cite>. <span class="cit-pub-date">2010</span>. <span class="cit-article-title">Molecular pathogenesis of necrotizing fasciitis</span>. <abbr class="cit-jnl-abbrev">Annu Rev Pathol</abbr> <span class="cit-vol">5</span>:<span class="cit-fpage">1</span>–<span class="cit-lpage">31</span>.<span class="cit-pub-id-sep cit-pub-id-doi-sep"> </span><span class="cit-pub-id-scheme">doi:</span><span class="cit-pub-id cit-pub-id-doi">10.1146/annurev-pathol-121808-102135</span>.</cite></div>
                           <div class="cit-extra"><a href="/openurl?query=rft.stitle%3DAnnu+Rev+Pathol%26rft.aulast%3DOlsen%26rft.auinit1%3DR.+J.%26rft.volume%3D5%26rft.spage%3D1%26rft.epage%3D31%26rft.atitle%3DMolecular+pathogenesis+of+necrotizing+fasciitis.%26rft_id%3Dinfo%3Adoi%2F10.1146%2Fannurev-pathol-121808-102135%26rft_id%3Dinfo%3Apmid%2F19737105%26rft.genre%3Darticle%26rft_val_fmt%3Dinfo%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal%26ctx_ver%3DZ39.88-2004%26url_ver%3DZ39.88-2004%26url_ctx_fmt%3Dinfo%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Actx"
                                 class="cit-ref-sprinkles cit-ref-sprinkles-open-url cit-ref-sprinkles-open-url-has-image"><span>Get VText</span><img src="/userimage/0c1a1e8b-a535-4bec-83cc-9b6bac89aefb-20130521" alt="Get VText" /></a><a href="/external-ref?access_num=10.1146/annurev-pathol-121808-102135&amp;link_type=DOI"
                                 class="cit-ref-sprinkles cit-ref-sprinkles-webofscience">CrossRef</a><a href="/external-ref?access_num=19737105&amp;link_type=MED"
                                 class="cit-ref-sprinkles cit-ref-sprinkles-medline">Medline</a><a target="_blank"
                                 href="http://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=Molecular%20pathogenesis%20of%20necrotizing%20fasciitis&amp;author=RJ%20Olsen&amp;author=JM%20Musser&amp;publication_year=2010&amp;journal=Annu%20Rev%20Pathol&amp;volume=5&amp;pages=1-31&amp;doi=10.1146%2Fannurev-pathol-121808-102135">Google Scholar</a></div>
                        </div>
                     </li>
                     <li><span class="ref-label">2.</span><a class="rev-xref-ref" href="#xref-ref-2-1" title="View reference 2. in text"
                           id="ref-2">↵</a><div class="cit ref-cit ref-journal" id="cit-5.45.e01269-17.2"
                             data-doi="10.1371/journal.pcbi.1005595">
                           <div class="cit-metadata">
                              <ol class="cit-auth-list">
                                 <li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Wick</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">RR</span></span>, 
                                 </li>
                                 <li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Judd</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">LM</span></span>, 
                                 </li>
                                 <li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Gorrie</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">CL</span></span>, 
                                 </li>
                                 <li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Holt</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">KE</span></span></li>
                              </ol><cite>. <span class="cit-pub-date">2017</span>. <span class="cit-article-title">Unicycler: resolving bacterial genome assemblies from short and long sequencing reads</span>. <abbr class="cit-jnl-abbrev">PLoS Comput Biol</abbr> <span class="cit-vol">13</span>:<span class="cit-elocation-id">e1005595</span>.<span class="cit-pub-id-sep cit-pub-id-doi-sep"> </span><span class="cit-pub-id-scheme">doi:</span><span class="cit-pub-id cit-pub-id-doi">10.1371/journal.pcbi.1005595</span>.</cite></div>
                           <div class="cit-extra"><a href="/openurl?query=rft.jtitle%3DPLoS+Comput+Biol%26rft.volume%3D13%26rft.spage%3De1005595%26rft_id%3Dinfo%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pcbi.1005595%26rft.genre%3Darticle%26rft_val_fmt%3Dinfo%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal%26ctx_ver%3DZ39.88-2004%26url_ver%3DZ39.88-2004%26url_ctx_fmt%3Dinfo%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Actx"
                                 class="cit-ref-sprinkles cit-ref-sprinkles-open-url cit-ref-sprinkles-open-url-has-image"><span>Get VText</span><img src="/userimage/0c1a1e8b-a535-4bec-83cc-9b6bac89aefb-20130521" alt="Get VText" /></a><a href="/external-ref?access_num=10.1371/journal.pcbi.1005595&amp;link_type=DOI"
                                 class="cit-ref-sprinkles cit-ref-sprinkles-webofscience">CrossRef</a><a target="_blank"
                                 href="http://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=Unicycler%3A%20resolving%20bacterial%20genome%20assemblies%20from%20short%20and%20long%20sequencing%20reads&amp;author=RR%20Wick&amp;author=LM%20Judd&amp;author=CL%20Gorrie&amp;author=KE%20Holt&amp;publication_year=2017&amp;journal=PLoS%20Comput%20Biol&amp;volume=13&amp;doi=10.1371%2Fjournal.pcbi.1005595">Google Scholar</a></div>
                        </div>
                     </li>
                     <li><span class="ref-label">3.</span><a class="rev-xref-ref" href="#xref-ref-3-1" title="View reference 3. in text"
                           id="ref-3">↵</a><div class="cit ref-cit ref-journal" id="cit-5.45.e01269-17.3"
                             data-doi="10.1186/s13073-014-0090-6">
                           <div class="cit-metadata">
                              <ol class="cit-auth-list">
                                 <li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Inouye</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">M</span></span>, 
                                 </li>
                                 <li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Dashnow</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">H</span></span>, 
                                 </li>
                                 <li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Raven</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">LA</span></span>, 
                                 </li>
                                 <li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Schultz</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">MB</span></span>, 
                                 </li>
                                 <li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Pope</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">BJ</span></span>, 
                                 </li>
                                 <li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Tomita</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">T</span></span>, 
                                 </li>
                                 <li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Zobel</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">J</span></span>, 
                                 </li>
                                 <li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Holt</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">KE</span></span></li>
                              </ol><cite>. <span class="cit-pub-date">2014</span>. <span class="cit-article-title">SRST2: rapid genomic surveillance for public health and hospital microbiology labs</span>. <abbr class="cit-jnl-abbrev">Genome Med</abbr> <span class="cit-vol">6</span>:<span class="cit-fpage">90</span>.<span class="cit-pub-id-sep cit-pub-id-doi-sep"> </span><span class="cit-pub-id-scheme">doi:</span><span class="cit-pub-id cit-pub-id-doi">10.1186/s13073-014-0090-6</span>.</cite></div>
                           <div class="cit-extra"><a href="/openurl?query=rft.jtitle%3DGenome+Med%26rft.volume%3D6%26rft.spage%3D90%26rft_id%3Dinfo%3Adoi%2F10.1186%2Fs13073-014-0090-6%26rft_id%3Dinfo%3Apmid%2F25422674%26rft.genre%3Darticle%26rft_val_fmt%3Dinfo%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal%26ctx_ver%3DZ39.88-2004%26url_ver%3DZ39.88-2004%26url_ctx_fmt%3Dinfo%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Actx"
                                 class="cit-ref-sprinkles cit-ref-sprinkles-open-url cit-ref-sprinkles-open-url-has-image"><span>Get VText</span><img src="/userimage/0c1a1e8b-a535-4bec-83cc-9b6bac89aefb-20130521" alt="Get VText" /></a><a href="/external-ref?access_num=10.1186/s13073-014-0090-6&amp;link_type=DOI"
                                 class="cit-ref-sprinkles cit-ref-sprinkles-webofscience">CrossRef</a><a href="/external-ref?access_num=25422674&amp;link_type=MED"
                                 class="cit-ref-sprinkles cit-ref-sprinkles-medline">Medline</a><a target="_blank"
                                 href="http://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=SRST2%3A%20rapid%20genomic%20surveillance%20for%20public%20health%20and%20hospital%20microbiology%20labs&amp;author=M%20Inouye&amp;author=H%20Dashnow&amp;author=LA%20Raven&amp;author=MB%20Schultz&amp;author=BJ%20Pope&amp;author=T%20Tomita&amp;author=J%20Zobel&amp;author=KE%20Holt&amp;publication_year=2014&amp;journal=Genome%20Med&amp;volume=6&amp;pages=90&amp;doi=10.1186%2Fs13073-014-0090-6">Google Scholar</a></div>
                        </div>
                     </li>
                     <li><span class="ref-label">4.</span><a class="rev-xref-ref" href="#xref-ref-4-1" title="View reference 4. in text"
                           id="ref-4">↵</a><div class="cit ref-cit ref-journal" id="cit-5.45.e01269-17.4"
                             data-doi="10.1086/430618">
                           <div class="cit-metadata">
                              <ol class="cit-auth-list">
                                 <li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Green</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">NM</span></span>, 
                                 </li>
                                 <li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Zhang</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">S</span></span>, 
                                 </li>
                                 <li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Porcella</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">SF</span></span>, 
                                 </li>
                                 <li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Nagiec</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">MJ</span></span>, 
                                 </li>
                                 <li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Barbian</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">KD</span></span>, 
                                 </li>
                                 <li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Beres</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">SB</span></span>, 
                                 </li>
                                 <li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">LeFebvre</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">RB</span></span>, 
                                 </li>
                                 <li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Musser</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">JM</span></span></li>
                              </ol><cite>. <span class="cit-pub-date">2005</span>. <span class="cit-article-title">Genome sequence of a serotype M28 strain of group A <em>Streptococcus</em>: potential new insights into puerperal sepsis and bacterial disease specificity</span>. <abbr class="cit-jnl-abbrev">J Infect Dis</abbr> <span class="cit-vol">192</span>:<span class="cit-fpage">760</span>–<span class="cit-lpage">770</span>.<span class="cit-pub-id-sep cit-pub-id-doi-sep"> </span><span class="cit-pub-id-scheme">doi:</span><span class="cit-pub-id cit-pub-id-doi">10.1086/430618</span>.</cite></div>
                           <div class="cit-extra"><a href="/openurl?query=rft.jtitle%3DJ+Infect+Dis%26rft_id%3Dinfo%3Adoi%2F10.1086%2F430618%26rft_id%3Dinfo%3Apmid%2F16088825%26rft.genre%3Darticle%26rft_val_fmt%3Dinfo%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal%26ctx_ver%3DZ39.88-2004%26url_ver%3DZ39.88-2004%26url_ctx_fmt%3Dinfo%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Actx"
                                 class="cit-ref-sprinkles cit-ref-sprinkles-open-url cit-ref-sprinkles-open-url-has-image"><span>Get VText</span><img src="/userimage/0c1a1e8b-a535-4bec-83cc-9b6bac89aefb-20130521" alt="Get VText" /></a><a href="/external-ref?access_num=10.1086/430618&amp;link_type=DOI"
                                 class="cit-ref-sprinkles cit-ref-sprinkles-webofscience">CrossRef</a><a href="/external-ref?access_num=16088825&amp;link_type=MED"
                                 class="cit-ref-sprinkles cit-ref-sprinkles-medline">Medline</a><a target="_blank"
                                 href="http://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=Genome%20sequence%20of%20a%20serotype%20M28%20strain%20of%20group%20A%20Streptococcus%3A%20potential%20new%20insights%20into%20puerperal%20sepsis%20and%20bacterial%20disease%20specificity&amp;author=NM%20Green&amp;author=S%20Zhang&amp;author=SF%20Porcella&amp;author=MJ%20Nagiec&amp;author=KD%20Barbian&amp;author=SB%20Beres&amp;author=RB%20LeFebvre&amp;author=JM%20Musser&amp;publication_year=2005&amp;journal=J%20Infect%20Dis&amp;volume=192&amp;pages=760-770&amp;doi=10.1086%2F430618">Google Scholar</a></div>
                        </div>
                     </li>
                     <li><span class="ref-label">5.</span><a class="rev-xref-ref" href="#xref-ref-5-1" title="View reference 5. in text"
                           id="ref-5">↵</a><div class="cit ref-cit ref-journal" id="cit-5.45.e01269-17.5"
                             data-doi="10.1093/cid/ciw248">
                           <div class="cit-metadata">
                              <ol class="cit-auth-list">
                                 <li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Nelson</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">GE</span></span>, 
                                 </li>
                                 <li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Pondo</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">T</span></span>, 
                                 </li>
                                 <li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Toews</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">KA</span></span>, 
                                 </li>
                                 <li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Farley</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">MM</span></span>, 
                                 </li>
                                 <li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Lindegren</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">ML</span></span>, 
                                 </li>
                                 <li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Lynfield</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">R</span></span>, 
                                 </li>
                                 <li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Aragon</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">D</span></span>, 
                                 </li>
                                 <li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Zansky</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">SM</span></span>, 
                                 </li>
                                 <li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Watt</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">JP</span></span>, 
                                 </li>
                                 <li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Cieslak</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">PR</span></span>, 
                                 </li>
                                 <li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Angeles</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">K</span></span>, 
                                 </li>
                                 <li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Harrison</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">LH</span></span>, 
                                 </li>
                                 <li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Petit</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">S</span></span>, 
                                 </li>
                                 <li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Beall</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">B</span></span>, 
                                 </li>
                                 <li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Van Beneden</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">CA</span></span></li>
                              </ol><cite>. <span class="cit-pub-date">2016</span>. <span class="cit-article-title">Epidemiology of invasive group A streptococcal infections in the United States, 2005–2012</span>. <abbr class="cit-jnl-abbrev">Clin Infect Dis</abbr> <span class="cit-vol">63</span>:<span class="cit-fpage">478</span>–<span class="cit-lpage">486</span>.<span class="cit-pub-id-sep cit-pub-id-doi-sep"> </span><span class="cit-pub-id-scheme">doi:</span><span class="cit-pub-id cit-pub-id-doi">10.1093/cid/ciw248</span>.</cite></div>
                           <div class="cit-extra"><a href="/openurl?query=rft.jtitle%3DClin+Infect+Dis%26rft_id%3Dinfo%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Fcid%2Fciw248%26rft_id%3Dinfo%3Apmid%2F27105747%26rft.genre%3Darticle%26rft_val_fmt%3Dinfo%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal%26ctx_ver%3DZ39.88-2004%26url_ver%3DZ39.88-2004%26url_ctx_fmt%3Dinfo%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Actx"
                                 class="cit-ref-sprinkles cit-ref-sprinkles-open-url cit-ref-sprinkles-open-url-has-image"><span>Get VText</span><img src="/userimage/0c1a1e8b-a535-4bec-83cc-9b6bac89aefb-20130521" alt="Get VText" /></a><a href="/external-ref?access_num=10.1093/cid/ciw248&amp;link_type=DOI"
                                 class="cit-ref-sprinkles cit-ref-sprinkles-webofscience">CrossRef</a><a href="/external-ref?access_num=27105747&amp;link_type=MED"
                                 class="cit-ref-sprinkles cit-ref-sprinkles-medline">Medline</a><a target="_blank"
                                 href="http://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=Epidemiology%20of%20invasive%20group%20A%20streptococcal%20infections%20in%20the%20United%20States%2C%202005%E2%80%932012&amp;author=GE%20Nelson&amp;author=T%20Pondo&amp;author=KA%20Toews&amp;author=MM%20Farley&amp;author=ML%20Lindegren&amp;author=R%20Lynfield&amp;author=D%20Aragon&amp;author=SM%20Zansky&amp;author=JP%20Watt&amp;author=PR%20Cieslak&amp;author=K%20Angeles&amp;author=LH%20Harrison&amp;author=S%20Petit&amp;author=B%20Beall&amp;author=CA%20Van%20Beneden&amp;publication_year=2016&amp;journal=Clin%20Infect%20Dis&amp;volume=63&amp;pages=478-486&amp;doi=10.1093%2Fcid%2Fciw248">Google Scholar</a></div>
                        </div>
                     </li>
                     <li><span class="ref-label">6.</span><a class="rev-xref-ref" href="#xref-ref-6-1" title="View reference 6. in text"
                           id="ref-6">↵</a><div class="cit ref-cit ref-journal" id="cit-5.45.e01269-17.6"
                             data-doi="10.1101/180406">
                           <div class="cit-metadata">
                              <ol class="cit-auth-list">
                                 <li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Leggett</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">RM</span></span>, 
                                 </li>
                                 <li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Alcon-Giner</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">C</span></span>, 
                                 </li>
                                 <li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Heavens</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">D</span></span>, 
                                 </li>
                                 <li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Caim</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">S</span></span>, 
                                 </li>
                                 <li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Brook</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">TC</span></span>, 
                                 </li>
                                 <li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Kujawska</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">M</span></span>, 
                                 </li>
                                 <li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Hoyles</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">L</span></span>, 
                                 </li>
                                 <li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Clarke</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">P</span></span>, 
                                 </li>
                                 <li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Hall</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">L</span></span>, 
                                 </li>
                                 <li><span class="cit-auth"><span class="cit-name-surname">Clark</span>  <span class="cit-name-given-names">MD</span></span></li>
                              </ol><cite>. <span class="cit-pub-date">2017</span>. <span class="cit-article-title">Rapid MinION metagenomic profiling of the preterm infant gut microbiota to aid in pathogen diagnostics</span>. <abbr class="cit-jnl-abbrev">bioRxiv</abbr><span class="cit-pub-id-sep cit-pub-id-doi-sep"> </span><span class="cit-pub-id-scheme">doi:</span><span class="cit-pub-id cit-pub-id-doi">10.1101/180406</span>.</cite></div>
                           <div class="cit-extra"><a href="/openurl?query=rft.jtitle%3DbioRxiv%26rft_id%3Dinfo%3Adoi%2F10.1101%2F180406%26rft.genre%3Darticle%26rft_val_fmt%3Dinfo%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal%26ctx_ver%3DZ39.88-2004%26url_ver%3DZ39.88-2004%26url_ctx_fmt%3Dinfo%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Actx"
                                 class="cit-ref-sprinkles cit-ref-sprinkles-open-url cit-ref-sprinkles-open-url-has-image"><span>Get VText</span><img src="/userimage/0c1a1e8b-a535-4bec-83cc-9b6bac89aefb-20130521" alt="Get VText" /></a><a href="/external-ref?access_num=10.1101/180406&amp;link_type=DOI"
                                 class="cit-ref-sprinkles cit-ref-sprinkles-webofscience">CrossRef</a><a target="_blank"
                                 href="http://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=Rapid%20MinION%20metagenomic%20profiling%20of%20the%20preterm%20infant%20gut%20microbiota%20to%20aid%20in%20pathogen%20diagnostics&amp;author=RM%20Leggett&amp;author=C%20Alcon-Giner&amp;author=D%20Heavens&amp;author=S%20Caim&amp;author=TC%20Brook&amp;author=M%20Kujawska&amp;author=L%20Hoyles&amp;author=P%20Clarke&amp;author=L%20Hall&amp;author=MD%20Clark&amp;publication_year=2017&amp;journal=bioRxiv&amp;doi=10.1101%2F180406">Google Scholar</a></div>
                        </div>
                     </li>
                  </ol>
               </div><span class="highwire-journal-article-marker-end"></span></div>
            <div class="social-bookmarking">
               
               <ul class="social-bookmark-links">
                  <li class="social-bookmarking-item social-bookmarking-item-citeulike"><a href="/external-ref?tag_url=http://genomea.asm.org/cgi/content/long/5/45/e01269-17&amp;title=Whole-Genome%20Sequencing%20of%20a%20Human%20Clinical%20Isolate%20of%20emm28%20Streptococcus%20pyogenes%20Causing%20Necrotizing%20Fasciitis%20Acquired%20Contemporaneously%20with%20Hurricane%20Harvey+--+Long%20et%20al.%205%20%2845%29+--+GA&amp;doi=10.1128/genomeA.01269-17&amp;link_type=CITEULIKE"><img src="/shared/img/common/social-bookmarking/citeulike.gif"
                             alt="Add to CiteULike"
                             title="CiteULike" /></a><span class="soc-bm-link-text">CiteULike</span></li>
                  <li class="social-bookmarking-item social-bookmarking-item-delicious"><a href="/external-ref?tag_url=http://genomea.asm.org/cgi/content/long/5/45/e01269-17&amp;title=Whole-Genome%20Sequencing%20of%20a%20Human%20Clinical%20Isolate%20of%20emm28%20Streptococcus%20pyogenes%20Causing%20Necrotizing%20Fasciitis%20Acquired%20Contemporaneously%20with%20Hurricane%20Harvey+--+Long%20et%20al.%205%20%2845%29+--+GA&amp;doi=10.1128/genomeA.01269-17&amp;link_type=DEL_ICIO_US"><img src="/shared/img/common/social-bookmarking/delicious.gif"
                             alt="Add to Delicious"
                             title="Delicious" /></a><span class="soc-bm-link-text">Delicious</span></li>
                  <li class="social-bookmarking-item social-bookmarking-item-digg"><a href="/external-ref?tag_url=http://genomea.asm.org/cgi/content/long/5/45/e01269-17&amp;title=Whole-Genome%20Sequencing%20of%20a%20Human%20Clinical%20Isolate%20of%20emm28%20Streptococcus%20pyogenes%20Causing%20Necrotizing%20Fasciitis%20Acquired%20Contemporaneously%20with%20Hurricane%20Harvey+--+Long%20et%20al.%205%20%2845%29+--+GA&amp;doi=10.1128/genomeA.01269-17&amp;link_type=DIGG"><img src="/shared/img/common/social-bookmarking/digg.gif" alt="Add to Digg"
                             title="Digg" /></a><span class="soc-bm-link-text">Digg</span></li>
                  <li class="social-bookmarking-item social-bookmarking-item-facebook"><a href="/external-ref?tag_url=http://genomea.asm.org/cgi/content/short/5/45/e01269-17&amp;title=Whole-Genome%20Sequencing%20of%20a%20Human%20Clinical%20Isolate%20of%20emm28%20Streptococcus%20pyogenes%20Causing%20Necrotizing%20Fasciitis%20Acquired%20Contemporaneously%20with%20Hurricane%20Harvey+--+Long%20et%20al.%205%20%2845%29+--+GA&amp;doi=10.1128/genomeA.01269-17&amp;link_type=FACEBOOK"
                        class="sb-facebook"
                        rel="external-nw"><img src="/shared/img/common/social-bookmarking/facebook.gif" alt="Add to Facebook"
                             title="Facebook" /></a><span class="soc-bm-link-text">Facebook</span></li>
                  <li class="social-bookmarking-item social-bookmarking-item-googleplus"><a href="/external-ref?tag_url=http://genomea.asm.org/cgi/content/long/5/45/e01269-17&amp;title=Whole-Genome%20Sequencing%20of%20a%20Human%20Clinical%20Isolate%20of%20emm28%20Streptococcus%20pyogenes%20Causing%20Necrotizing%20Fasciitis%20Acquired%20Contemporaneously%20with%20Hurricane%20Harvey+--+Long%20et%20al.%205%20%2845%29+--+GA&amp;doi=10.1128/genomeA.01269-17&amp;link_type=GOOGLEPLUS&amp;log_only=yes"><img src="/shared/img/common/social-bookmarking/googleplus.jpg" alt="Add to Google+"
                             title="Google+" /></a><span class="soc-bm-link-text">Google+</span></li>
                  <li class="social-bookmarking-item social-bookmarking-item-mendeley"><a href="/external-ref?tag_url=http://genomea.asm.org/cgi/content/short/5/45/e01269-17&amp;title=Whole-Genome%20Sequencing%20of%20a%20Human%20Clinical%20Isolate%20of%20emm28%20Streptococcus%20pyogenes%20Causing%20Necrotizing%20Fasciitis%20Acquired%20Contemporaneously%20with%20Hurricane%20Harvey+--+Long%20et%20al.%205%20%2845%29+--+GA&amp;doi=10.1128/genomeA.01269-17&amp;link_type=MENDELEY"><img src="/shared/img/common/social-bookmarking/mendeley.gif" alt="Add to Mendeley"
                             title="Mendeley" /></a><span class="soc-bm-link-text">Mendeley</span></li>
                  <li class="social-bookmarking-item social-bookmarking-item-reddit"><a href="/external-ref?tag_url=http://genomea.asm.org/cgi/content/long/5/45/e01269-17&amp;title=Whole-Genome%20Sequencing%20of%20a%20Human%20Clinical%20Isolate%20of%20emm28%20Streptococcus%20pyogenes%20Causing%20Necrotizing%20Fasciitis%20Acquired%20Contemporaneously%20with%20Hurricane%20Harvey+--+Long%20et%20al.%205%20%2845%29+--+GA&amp;doi=10.1128/genomeA.01269-17&amp;link_type=REDDIT"><img src="/shared/img/common/social-bookmarking/reddit.gif" alt="Add to Reddit"
                             title="Reddit" /></a><span class="soc-bm-link-text">Reddit</span></li>
                  <li class="social-bookmarking-item social-bookmarking-item-stumbleupon"><a href="/external-ref?tag_url=http://genomea.asm.org/cgi/content/long/5/45/e01269-17&amp;title=Whole-Genome%20Sequencing%20of%20a%20Human%20Clinical%20Isolate%20of%20emm28%20Streptococcus%20pyogenes%20Causing%20Necrotizing%20Fasciitis%20Acquired%20Contemporaneously%20with%20Hurricane%20Harvey+--+Long%20et%20al.%205%20%2845%29+--+GA&amp;doi=10.1128/genomeA.01269-17&amp;link_type=STUMBLEUPON"><img src="/shared/img/common/social-bookmarking/stumbleupon.gif"
                             alt="Add to StumbleUpon"
                             title="StumbleUpon" /></a><span class="soc-bm-link-text">StumbleUpon</span></li>
                  <li class="social-bookmarking-item social-bookmarking-item-twitter"><a href="/external-ref?tag_url=http://genomea.asm.org/cgi/content/long/5/45/e01269-17&amp;title=Whole-Genome%20Sequencing%20of%20a%20Human%20Clinical%20Isolate%20of%20emm28%20Streptococcus%20pyogenes%20Causing%20Necrotizing%20Fasciitis%20Acquired%20Contemporaneously%20with%20Hurricane%20Harvey+--+Long%20et%20al.%205%20%2845%29+--+GA&amp;doi=10.1128/genomeA.01269-17&amp;link_type=TWITTER"><img src="/shared/img/common/social-bookmarking/twitter.gif" alt="Add to Twitter"
                             title="Twitter" /></a><span class="soc-bm-link-text">Twitter</span></li>
               </ul>
               
               <p class="social-bookmarking-help"><a href="/help/social_bookmarks.dtl">What's this?</a></p>
               
            </div>
            <div id="trendmd-suggestions"></div><script type="text/javascript" src="//trendmd.s3.amazonaws.com/trendmd.min.js"></script><script type="text/javascript">TrendMD.register({element: '#trendmd-suggestions', track_id: null});</script><span id="related-urls"></span><div id="disqus_thread"></div><script type="text/javascript">
		    var disqus_developer = 1;
		    var disqus_shortname = 'genomea'
		    var disqus_container_id = 'disqus_thread';
		    var disqus_identifier = document.getElementsByName("citation_doi")[0].content;
		    (function() {
			var dsq = document.createElement('script');
			dsq.type = 'text/javascript';
			dsq.async = true;
			dsq.src = 'http://' + disqus_shortname + '.disqus.com/embed.js';
			(document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0] || document.getElementsByTagName('body')[0]).appendChild(dsq);
		    })();
            </script><noscript>Please enable JavaScript to view the <a href="http://disqus.com/?ref_noscript">comments powered by Disqus.</a></noscript><a href="http://disqus.com" class="dsq-brlink">blog comments powered by <span class="logo-disqus">Disqus</span></a></div>
         <div id="col-2">
            
            <div class="article-nav sidebar-nav">
               <a href="/content/5/45/e01219-17.short" title="Previous article" class="previous">« Previous</a><span class="article-nav-sep"> | </span><a href="/content/5/45/e01281-17.short" title="Next article" class="next">Next Article »</a>
               
               <span class="toc-link">
                  				<a href="/content/5/45.toc" title="Table of Contents">Table of Contents</a>
                  			</span>
               
               
            </div>
            <div class="open-access-note">
               <span class="open-access-note">OPEN ACCESS ARTICLE</span>
               
            </div>
            <div class="content-box" id="article-cb-main">
               <div class="cb-contents">
                  <h3 class="cb-contents-header"><span>This Article</span></h3>
                  <div class="cb-section cb-slug">
                     <ol>
                        <li>
                           <div id="slugline">
                              
                              
                              		
                              
                              doi:
                              <span title="10.1128/genomeA.01269-17" class="slug-doi">10.1128/genomeA.01269-17
                                 </span>
                              <cite>
                                 	    <abbr title="Genome Announcements" class="slug-jnl-abbrev">
                                    Genome Announc.</abbr><span class="slug-pub-date" itemprop="datePublished">
                                    November 2017
                                    </span>
                                 	    <span class="slug-vol">
                                    vol. 5 
                                    </span><span class="slug-issue">
                                    no. 45 
                                    </span><span class="slug-elocation">
                                    e01269-17
                                    </span>
                                 </cite>
                              
                           </div>
                        </li>
                     </ol>
                  </div>
                  <div class="cb-section cb-views">
                     <ol>
                        <li><span class="oa-article">Free via Open Access: <span>OA</span></span></li>
                        <li class="abstract-view-link primary"><span class="oa-view">OA </span><a href="/content/5/45/e01269-17.abstract" rel="view-abstract">Abstract</a></li>
                        <li class="notice full-text-view-link primary"><span class="variant-indicator">» <span>Full Text</span></span></li>
                        <li class="notice full-text-pdf-view-link primary"><a href="/content/5/45/e01269-17.full.pdf+html" rel="view-full-text.pdf">PDF</a></li>
                     </ol>
                  </div>
                  <div class="cb-section collapsible" id="cb-art-cat">
                     <h4 class="cb-section-header"><span>Classifications</span></h4>
                     <ol>
                        <li>
                           <ul class="subject-headings last-child">
                              <li><a class="tocsection-search"
                                    href="/search?tocsectionid=Prokaryotes&amp;sortspec=date&amp;submit=Submit">Prokaryotes</a></li>
                           </ul>
                        </li>
                     </ol>
                  </div>
                  <div class="cb-section collapsible" id="cb-art-stats">
                     <h4 class="cb-section-header"><span>Article Usage Stats</span></h4>
                     <ol>
                        <li class="usage-stats-link icon-link"><a href="/articleusage?gca=ga;5/45/e01269-17" rel="nofollow">Article Usage Statistics</a></li>
                     </ol>
                  </div>
                  <div class="cb-section collapsible" id="cb-art-svcs">
                     <h4 class="cb-section-header"><span>Services</span></h4>
                     <ol>
                        <li class="mail-a-friend-link icon-link"><a href="/email?gca=ga%3B5%2F45%2Fe01269-17&amp;current-view-path=/content/5/45/e01269-17.long">
                              Email this article to a colleague</a></li>
                        <li class="red"><a href="/search?qbe=ga;5/45/e01269-17&amp;journalcode=all&amp;citation=Long%20et%20al.%205%20%2845%29&amp;submit=yes">Similar articles in ASM journals</a></li>
                        <li class="alert-link icon-link"><a href="/cgi/alerts/ctalert?alertType=citedby&amp;addAlert=cited_by&amp;cited_by_criteria_resid=ga%3B5%2F45%2Fe01269-17&amp;saveAlert=no&amp;return-type=article&amp;return_url=http://genomea.asm.org/content/5/45/e01269-17.long">Alert me when this article is cited</a></li>
                        <li class="alert-link icon-link"><a href="/cgi/alerts/ctalert?alertType=correction&amp;addAlert=correction&amp;correction_criteria_value=5/45/e01269-17&amp;saveAlert=no&amp;return-type=article&amp;return_url=http://genomea.asm.org/content/5/45/e01269-17.long">Alert me if a correction is posted</a></li>
                        <li class="similar-link"><a href="/search?qbe=ga%3B5%2F45%2Fe01269-17&amp;citation=Long%20et%20al.%205%20%2845%29&amp;submit=yes">Similar articles in this journal</a></li>
                        <li class="similar-link"><a href="/external-ref?access_num=ga%3B5%2F45%2Fe01269-17&amp;link_type=ISI_RELATEDRECORDS"
                              id="cb-isi-similar-articles"
                              class="similar-link">Similar articles in Web of Science</a></li>
                        <li class="similar-link"><a href="/external-ref?access_num=29122881&amp;link_type=MED_NBRS"
                              class="similar-link">Similar articles in PubMed</a></li>
                        <li><a href="/cgi/alerts/etoc">Alert me to new issues of 
                              <em xmlns="">genomeA</em>
                              </a></li>
                        <li class="cit-man-link icon-link cite-link"><a href="/citmgr?gca=ga%3B5%2F45%2Fe01269-17">Download to citation manager</a></li>
                        <li><a href="/site/misc/terms.xhtml">
                              Copyright Information 
                              </a></li>
                        <li><a href="http://www.asmpress.org" target="_blank">
                              Books from ASM Press 
                              </a></li>
                        <li><a href="http://www.microbeworld.org" target="_blank">
                              MicrobeWorld 
                              </a></li>
                     </ol>
                  </div>
                  <div class="cb-section collapsible" id="cb-art-com">
                     <h4 class="cb-section-header"><span>Reader Comments</span></h4>
                     <ol>
                        <li class="disqus-link">
                           <ol class="cb-disqus-comment-link">
                              <li><a href="/content/5/45/e01269-17.full#disqus_thread" class="cb-disqus-comments">Submit a Comment</a></li>
                           </ol>
                        </li>
                     </ol>
                  </div>
                  <div class="cb-section collapsible default-closed" id="cb-art-cit">
                     <h4 class="cb-section-header"><span>Citing Articles</span></h4>
                     <ol>
                        <li class="hw-citing-link"><a href="/content/5/45/e01269-17.long?cited-by=yes&amp;legid=ga;5/45/e01269-17#cited-by"
                              id="cb-hw-citing-articles">Load citing article information</a></li>
                        <li><a href="/external-ref?access_num=%2Fga%2F5%2F45%2Fe01269-17&amp;link_type=ISI_CITING&amp;accnum_type=native"
                              rel="external-nw"
                              id="cb-isi-citing-articles">Citing articles via Web of Science</a></li>
                     </ol>
                  </div>
                  <div class="cb-section collapsible default-closed" id="cb-art-gs">
                     <h4 class="cb-section-header"><span>Google Scholar</span></h4>
                     <ol>
                        <li class="cb-art-gs-auth author-link"><a href="http://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22author%3ALong%20author%3AS.W.%22"
                              class="cb-art-gs-auth author-link">Articles by  Long, S. W.</a></li>
                        <li class="cb-art-gs-auth author-link"><a href="http://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22author%3AOlsen%20author%3AR.J.%22"
                              class="cb-art-gs-auth author-link">Articles by  Olsen, R. J.</a></li>
                     </ol>
                  </div>
                  <div class="cb-section collapsible default-closed" id="cb-art-pm">
                     <h4 class="cb-section-header"><span>PubMed</span></h4>
                     <ol>
                        <li class="cb-art-pm-cite cite-link icon-link"><a href="/external-ref?access_num=29122881&amp;link_type=PUBMED"
                              class="cb-art-pm-cite cite-link icon-link">PubMed citation</a></li>
                        <li class="cb-art-pm-auth author-link"><a href="/external-ref?access_num=Long%20SW&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH"
                              class="cb-art-pm-auth author-link">Articles by  Long, S. W.</a></li>
                        <li class="cb-art-pm-auth author-link"><a href="/external-ref?access_num=Olsen%20RJ&amp;link_type=AUTHORSEARCH"
                              class="cb-art-pm-auth author-link">Articles by  Olsen, R. J.</a></li>
                        <li>
                           <div id="cb-entrez-links-placeholder"><a href="/entrez-links/29122881"></a></div>
                        </li>
                     </ol>
                  </div>
                  <div class="cb-section collapsible default-closed" id="cb-art-orcid">
                     <h4 class="cb-section-header"><span>ORCID</span></h4>
                     <ol>
                        <li class="cb-art-orcid-auth author-link">
                           <span xmlns="" class="orcid-author">Profile for Long, S. W.<a class="orcid-link" href="http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3043-5307">http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3043-5307</a></span>
                        </li>
                        <li class="cb-art-orcid-auth author-link">
                           <span xmlns="" class="orcid-author">Profile for Kachroo, P.<a class="orcid-link" href="http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3563-7832">http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3563-7832</a></span>
                        </li>
                     </ol>
                  </div>
                  <div class="cb-section collapsible default-closed" id="cb-art-rel">
                     <h4 class="cb-section-header"><span>Related Content</span></h4>
                     <ol>
                        <li><a href="/content/5/45/e01269-17.long?related-urls=yes&amp;legid=ga;5/45/e01269-17#related-urls"
                              id="cb-related-urls">Load related web page information</a></li>
                     </ol>
                  </div>
                  <div class="cb-section collapsible default-closed soc-links icon-link"
                       id="cb-art-soc">
                     <h4 class="cb-section-header"><span>Social Bookmarking</span></h4>
                     <ol>
                        <li>
                           <div class="social-bookmarking">
                              
                              <ul class="social-bookmark-links">
                                 <li class="social-bookmarking-item social-bookmarking-item-citeulike"><a href="/external-ref?tag_url=http://genomea.asm.org/cgi/content/long/5/45/e01269-17&amp;title=Whole-Genome%20Sequencing%20of%20a%20Human%20Clinical%20Isolate%20of%20emm28%20Streptococcus%20pyogenes%20Causing%20Necrotizing%20Fasciitis%20Acquired%20Contemporaneously%20with%20Hurricane%20Harvey+--+Long%20et%20al.%205%20%2845%29+--+GA&amp;doi=10.1128/genomeA.01269-17&amp;link_type=CITEULIKE"><img src="/shared/img/common/social-bookmarking/citeulike.gif"
                                            alt="Add to CiteULike"
                                            title="CiteULike" /></a><span class="soc-bm-link-text">CiteULike</span></li>
                                 <li class="social-bookmarking-item social-bookmarking-item-delicious"><a href="/external-ref?tag_url=http://genomea.asm.org/cgi/content/long/5/45/e01269-17&amp;title=Whole-Genome%20Sequencing%20of%20a%20Human%20Clinical%20Isolate%20of%20emm28%20Streptococcus%20pyogenes%20Causing%20Necrotizing%20Fasciitis%20Acquired%20Contemporaneously%20with%20Hurricane%20Harvey+--+Long%20et%20al.%205%20%2845%29+--+GA&amp;doi=10.1128/genomeA.01269-17&amp;link_type=DEL_ICIO_US"><img src="/shared/img/common/social-bookmarking/delicious.gif"
                                            alt="Add to Delicious"
                                            title="Delicious" /></a><span class="soc-bm-link-text">Delicious</span></li>
                                 <li class="social-bookmarking-item social-bookmarking-item-digg"><a href="/external-ref?tag_url=http://genomea.asm.org/cgi/content/long/5/45/e01269-17&amp;title=Whole-Genome%20Sequencing%20of%20a%20Human%20Clinical%20Isolate%20of%20emm28%20Streptococcus%20pyogenes%20Causing%20Necrotizing%20Fasciitis%20Acquired%20Contemporaneously%20with%20Hurricane%20Harvey+--+Long%20et%20al.%205%20%2845%29+--+GA&amp;doi=10.1128/genomeA.01269-17&amp;link_type=DIGG"><img src="/shared/img/common/social-bookmarking/digg.gif" alt="Add to Digg"
                                            title="Digg" /></a><span class="soc-bm-link-text">Digg</span></li>
                                 <li class="social-bookmarking-item social-bookmarking-item-facebook"><a href="/external-ref?tag_url=http://genomea.asm.org/cgi/content/short/5/45/e01269-17&amp;title=Whole-Genome%20Sequencing%20of%20a%20Human%20Clinical%20Isolate%20of%20emm28%20Streptococcus%20pyogenes%20Causing%20Necrotizing%20Fasciitis%20Acquired%20Contemporaneously%20with%20Hurricane%20Harvey+--+Long%20et%20al.%205%20%2845%29+--+GA&amp;doi=10.1128/genomeA.01269-17&amp;link_type=FACEBOOK"
                                       class="sb-facebook"
                                       rel="external-nw"><img src="/shared/img/common/social-bookmarking/facebook.gif" alt="Add to Facebook"
                                            title="Facebook" /></a><span class="soc-bm-link-text">Facebook</span></li>
                                 <li class="social-bookmarking-item social-bookmarking-item-googleplus"><a href="/external-ref?tag_url=http://genomea.asm.org/cgi/content/long/5/45/e01269-17&amp;title=Whole-Genome%20Sequencing%20of%20a%20Human%20Clinical%20Isolate%20of%20emm28%20Streptococcus%20pyogenes%20Causing%20Necrotizing%20Fasciitis%20Acquired%20Contemporaneously%20with%20Hurricane%20Harvey+--+Long%20et%20al.%205%20%2845%29+--+GA&amp;doi=10.1128/genomeA.01269-17&amp;link_type=GOOGLEPLUS&amp;log_only=yes"><img src="/shared/img/common/social-bookmarking/googleplus.jpg" alt="Add to Google+"
                                            title="Google+" /></a><span class="soc-bm-link-text">Google+</span></li>
                                 <li class="social-bookmarking-item social-bookmarking-item-mendeley"><a href="/external-ref?tag_url=http://genomea.asm.org/cgi/content/short/5/45/e01269-17&amp;title=Whole-Genome%20Sequencing%20of%20a%20Human%20Clinical%20Isolate%20of%20emm28%20Streptococcus%20pyogenes%20Causing%20Necrotizing%20Fasciitis%20Acquired%20Contemporaneously%20with%20Hurricane%20Harvey+--+Long%20et%20al.%205%20%2845%29+--+GA&amp;doi=10.1128/genomeA.01269-17&amp;link_type=MENDELEY"><img src="/shared/img/common/social-bookmarking/mendeley.gif" alt="Add to Mendeley"
                                            title="Mendeley" /></a><span class="soc-bm-link-text">Mendeley</span></li>
                                 <li class="social-bookmarking-item social-bookmarking-item-reddit"><a href="/external-ref?tag_url=http://genomea.asm.org/cgi/content/long/5/45/e01269-17&amp;title=Whole-Genome%20Sequencing%20of%20a%20Human%20Clinical%20Isolate%20of%20emm28%20Streptococcus%20pyogenes%20Causing%20Necrotizing%20Fasciitis%20Acquired%20Contemporaneously%20with%20Hurricane%20Harvey+--+Long%20et%20al.%205%20%2845%29+--+GA&amp;doi=10.1128/genomeA.01269-17&amp;link_type=REDDIT"><img src="/shared/img/common/social-bookmarking/reddit.gif" alt="Add to Reddit"
                                            title="Reddit" /></a><span class="soc-bm-link-text">Reddit</span></li>
                                 <li class="social-bookmarking-item social-bookmarking-item-stumbleupon"><a href="/external-ref?tag_url=http://genomea.asm.org/cgi/content/long/5/45/e01269-17&amp;title=Whole-Genome%20Sequencing%20of%20a%20Human%20Clinical%20Isolate%20of%20emm28%20Streptococcus%20pyogenes%20Causing%20Necrotizing%20Fasciitis%20Acquired%20Contemporaneously%20with%20Hurricane%20Harvey+--+Long%20et%20al.%205%20%2845%29+--+GA&amp;doi=10.1128/genomeA.01269-17&amp;link_type=STUMBLEUPON"><img src="/shared/img/common/social-bookmarking/stumbleupon.gif"
                                            alt="Add to StumbleUpon"
                                            title="StumbleUpon" /></a><span class="soc-bm-link-text">StumbleUpon</span></li>
                                 <li class="social-bookmarking-item social-bookmarking-item-twitter"><a href="/external-ref?tag_url=http://genomea.asm.org/cgi/content/long/5/45/e01269-17&amp;title=Whole-Genome%20Sequencing%20of%20a%20Human%20Clinical%20Isolate%20of%20emm28%20Streptococcus%20pyogenes%20Causing%20Necrotizing%20Fasciitis%20Acquired%20Contemporaneously%20with%20Hurricane%20Harvey+--+Long%20et%20al.%205%20%2845%29+--+GA&amp;doi=10.1128/genomeA.01269-17&amp;link_type=TWITTER"><img src="/shared/img/common/social-bookmarking/twitter.gif" alt="Add to Twitter"
                                            title="Twitter" /></a><span class="soc-bm-link-text">Twitter</span></li>
                              </ul>
                              
                              <p class="social-bookmarking-help"><a href="/help/social_bookmarks.dtl">What's this?</a></p>
                              
                           </div>
                        </li>
                     </ol>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
            
            
            <div class="content-box" id="article-dyn-nav">
               <div class="cb-contents">
                  <h3 class="cb-contents-header"><span>Navigate This Article</span></h3>
                  <div class="cb-section" id="cb-art-nav">
                     <ol>
                        <li><a href="#content-block">Top</a></li>
                        <li><a href="#abstract-1">ABSTRACT</a></li>
                        <li><a href="#sec-1">GENOME ANNOUNCEMENT</a></li>
                        <li><a href="#ack-1">ACKNOWLEDGMENTS</a></li>
                        <li><a href="#fn-group-1">FOOTNOTES</a></li>
                        <li><a href="#ref-list-1">REFERENCES</a></li>
                     </ol>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
            
         </div>
         <div id="col-3">
            
            <div class="content-box" id="sidebar-current-issue">
               <div class="cb-contents">
                  <h3 class="cb-contents-header"><span>current issue</span></h3>
                  <div class="cb-section">
                     <ol><span><a href="/content/current" rel="current-issue">February 2018, volume 6, issue 6</a></span></ol>
                  </div>
                  <div class="cb-section">
                     <ol>
                        <li>
                           <div class="current-issue"><a href="/content/current" rel="current-issue"><img src="/content/6/6.cover.gif" width="67" height="89" alt="Current Issue" /></a></div>
                        </li>
                     </ol>
                  </div>
                  <div class="cb-section sidebar-etoc-link">
                     <ol>
                        <li><a href="/cgi/alerts/etoc">Alert me to new issues of 
                              <em xmlns="">genomeA</em>
                              </a></li>
                     </ol>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
            <div id="sidebar-global-nav">
               
               
               <ul class="button-list pub-links">
                  <li class="first"><a href="/site/misc/about.xhtml" rel="external-nw" title="About genomeA"><span>About genomeA</span></a></li>
                  <li><a href="/site/misc/authors.xhtml" title="Authors"><span>Authors</span></a></li>
                  <li><a href="/site/misc/librarians.xhtml" title="Librarians"><span>Librarians</span></a></li>
                  <li><a href="http://journals.asm.org/site/misc/addir.xhtml" rel="external-nw"
                        title="Advertisers"><span>Advertisers</span></a></li>
                  <li><a href="http://www.asm.org/index.php/news-room/whats-new-in-media-information.html"
                        rel="external-nw"
                        title="Inquiries from the Press"><span>Inquiries from the Press</span></a></li>
                  <li class="last"><a href="/site/misc/reprints.xhtml" title="Permissions"><span>Permissions</span></a></li>
               </ul>
               	
               <div class="sidebar-icon-group">
                  
                  <a href="http://genomeA.msubmit.net/cgi-bin/main.plex">
                     <img src="/local/img/button_submit.gif" class="submit-icon" title="submit" />
                     </a>
                  
               </div>
               
            </div>
            <div class="asm-icon">
               <a href="http://journals.asm.org/" rel="external-nw" class="img"><img src="/publisher/img/society_logo.gif" class="publisher-icon"
                       title="Society Logo" /></a>
               <a href="http://highwire.stanford.edu/" rel="external-nw" class="img"><img src="/publisher/img/hplogo.gif" class="pub-icon" title="HighWire Press Logo" /></a>						
               
            </div>
            <div class="tower-ads">
               	
               <ul class="tower-ads">
                  <li class="position-ad">
                     
                     
                     <div id="div-gpt-ad-1507814876194-1" style="height:600px; width:160px;">
                        <script>
googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.display('div-gpt-ad-1507814876194-1'); });
</script>
                        </div>
                     	
                  </li>
               </ul>
               
            </div>
            
            
            
         </div>
         <div id="footer">
            
            <div class="bar">
               	      
               <div class="footer-group footer-col-left">
                  	        
                  <div class="asmjnls">
                     
                     <div class="asmjnls-logo"><a href="http://journals.asm.org"><img width="129" height="40" border="0" src="/local/img/asmlogo_footer_clear_s.gif"
                                alt="Journals.ASM.org" /></a></div>
                     
                     <div class="asmjnls-location">
                        
                        <p class="addr">1752 N Street N.W. • Washington DC 20036</p>
                        
                        <p class="phone">202.737.3600 • 202.942.9355 fax • journals@asmusa.org</p>
                        
                     </div>
                     
                  </div>
                  	      
               </div>
               	
               <div class="footer-group footer-col-right">
                  	  
                  <ul class="issns">
                     <li>
                        <span>Online ISSN: </span>
                        <span class="issn">2169-8287</span>
                        
                     </li>
                  </ul>
                  	
               </div>
               
            </div>
            
            <div class="footer-copyright">
               
               <div class="asmjnls-copy">
                  
                  <p class="copyw">
                     <a href="/site/misc/terms.xhtml">
                        <span class="linkb">Copyright © 2018 </span></a>
                     by the <a href="http://www.asm.org">
                        <span class="linkb">American Society for Microbiology.  </span>
                        </a>
                     For an alternate route to <span class="lowerasm">genomeA</span>.asm.org, visit:
                     <a href="http://intl-genomea.asm.org">http://intl-<span class="lowerasm">genomeA</span>.asm.org</a>  |   
                     <a href="/help/using/alternate-route">More Info»</a>
                     
                  </p>
                  
               </div>
               
            </div>
            
            
            <div class="block-2 sb-div"></div>
            
         </div><script type="text/javascript">
        var gaJsHost = (("https:" == document.location.protocol) ? "https://ssl." : "http://www.");
        document.write(unescape("%3Cscript src='" + gaJsHost + "google-analytics.com/ga.js' type='text/javascript'%3E%3C/script%3E"));
        </script><script type="text/javascript">
        try {
        var pageTracker = _gat._getTracker("UA-189672-34");
        pageTracker._setDomainName(".asm.org");
        pageTracker._trackPageview();
        } catch(err) {}
        </script><script type="text/javascript">
	(function(i,s,o,g,r,a,m){i['GoogleAnalyticsObject']=r;i[r]=i[r]||function(){
		(i[r].q=i[r].q||[]).push(arguments)},i[r].l=1*new Date();a=s.createElement(o),
		m=s.getElementsByTagName(o)[0];a.async=1;a.src=g;m.parentNode.insertBefore(a,m)
	})(window,document,'script','//www.google-analytics.com/analytics.js','ga');

	ga('create', 'UA-5821458-15', 'auto');
	ga('send', 'pageview');
	</script></div>
   </body>
</html>