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      <div class="element-invisible">              <h1>Study Details Why Climate &#039;Criminals&#039; Like Exxon Should Pay for Hurricane Destruction</h1>
            </div>                              <article role="article" class="node node--headline node--full node--headline--full">
  
  
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    <div class="field-wrapper content-container clearfix inline-fields" id="field-wrapper-attribution"><div class="grouping-prefix">Published on </div><div class="field field--name-field-article-date field--type-datestamp field--label-hidden"><div class="field__items"><div class="field__item even"><span class="pb-timestamp" itemprop="datePublished" content="Thu, 07 Sep 2017 13:00:00 -0400"><span class="date-display-single">Thursday, September 07, 2017</span><time class="dateline" datetime="Thu, 07 Sep 2017 13:00:00 -0400" itemprop="dateModified" content="Thu, 07 Sep 2017 13:00:00 -0400"></time></span></div></div></div><div class="grouping-spacer">by</div><div class="profile-titles clearfix"><span class="pb-byline" itemprop="author" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"><meta itemprop="url" content="https://www.commondreams.org"><a href="https://www.commondreams.org" target="_blank" rel="nofollow"><span itemprop="name">Common Dreams</span></a></div></div><h1 class="node__title managed-node-title" itemprop="headline"><span itemprop="mainEntityOfPage">Study Details Why Climate &#039;Criminals&#039; Like Exxon Should Pay for Hurricane Destruction</span></h1>
<div class="field field--name-field-subtitle field--type-text-long field--label-hidden"><div class="field__items"><div class="field__item even"><div itemprop="description"><p><span>"We should be naming these hurricanes after Exxon and Chevron, not Harvey and Irma."</span></p></div></div></div></div><div class="field-wrapper content-container clearfix inline-fields" id="field-wrapper-authors"><div class="grouping-prefix">by</div><div class="profile-titles clearfix"><span class="pb-byline" itemprop="author" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"><meta itemprop="url" content="https://www.commondreams.org/author/jake-johnson-staff-writer"><a href="/author/jake-johnson-staff-writer" target="_blank" rel="nofollow"><span itemprop="name">Jake Johnson, staff writer</span></a></div></div><div class='shareaholic-canvas' data-app-id='6840204' data-app='share_buttons' data-title='Study Details Why Climate &#039;Criminals&#039; Like Exxon Should Pay for Hurricane Destruction' data-link='https://www.commondreams.org/news/2017/09/07/study-details-why-climate-criminals-exxon-should-pay-hurricane-destruction' data-summary=''></div><div class="discourse-comments-link"><a href="https://commons.commondreams.org/t/study-details-why-climate-criminals-like-exxon-should-pay-for-hurricane-destruction/44764" target="_blank"><i class="fa fa-comment"></i> <span class="comment-count">0</span> Comments</a></div><div class="field field--name-field-article-img field--type-image field--label-hidden"><div class="field__items"><div class="field__item even"><div itemscope itemprop="image" itemtype="http://schema.org/ImageObject"><meta itemprop="url" content="https://www.commondreams.org/sites/default/files/headlines/2738157358_cb172a79df_b.jpg"><img class="" src="https://www.commondreams.org/sites/default/files/styles/cd_large/public/headlines/2738157358_cb172a79df_b.jpg?itok=If4x4o_h" width="955" height="500" alt="&quot;It may take tens to hundreds of billions of dollars to support disaster relief and recovery among Gulf Coast communities affected by Hurricane Harvey. ExxonMobil, Chevron and BP have collectively pledged only $2.75 million,&quot; note Peter Frumhoff and Myles Allen." /></div></div></div></div><div class="field field--name-field-main-caption field--type-text-long field--label-hidden"><div class="field__items"><div class="field__item even"><p>"It may take <span class="u-underline">tens to hundreds</span> of billions of dollars to support disaster relief and recovery among Gulf Coast communities affected by Hurricane Harvey. ExxonMobil, Chevron and BP have collectively pledged only<span class="u-underline"> $2.75 million</span><span class="u-underline">," note </span>Peter Frumhoff and Myles Allen. (Photo: <a href="https://flic.kr/p/5aXLMC">AFL-CIO America's Unions</a>/Flickr/cc)</p></div></div></div><div class="field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden"><div class="field__items"><div class="field__item even"><div itemprop="articleBody"><meta itemprop="image" content="https://www.commondreams.org/sites/default/files/headline/thumbs/2738157358_cb172a79df_b.jpg"><meta itemprop="wordCount" content="530"><p>As Texas and Louisiana cope with the <a href="https://www.commondreams.org/tag/hurricane-harvey">destruction wrought</a> by Hurricane Harvey and as Hurricane Irma <a href="https://www.commondreams.org/news/2017/09/07/horror-movie-hurricane-irma-brings-total-devastation-caribbean">continues to ravage Caribbean islands</a> on its way to the United States, many are asking a pertinent question: Who should pay for the damage?</p>

<p class="pullquote">"<span>We should be naming these hurricanes after Exxon and Chevron, not Harvey and Irma." <br />—May Boeve, 350.org</span></p>

<p>According to a "<a href="https://twitter.com/NaomiAKlein/status/905825265460400128">landmark</a>" study <a href="https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10584-017-1978-0">published</a> in the journal <em>Climatic Change</em> on Thursday, the answer is clear: Big Oil.</p>

<p>"We know that the costs of both hurricanes will be enormous and that climate change will have made them far larger than they would have been otherwise," write Peter Frumhoff and Myles Allen, two of the study's co-authors, in a <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2017/sep/07/big-oil-must-pay-for-climate-change-here-is-how-to-calculate-how-much">piece</a> for the <em>Guardian</em>.</p>

<p>The research also shows, they note, that massive oil companies have disproportionately contributed to rising sea levels and soaring levels of atmospheric carbon dioxide while <a href="https://www.commondreams.org/news/2017/08/23/harvard-study-confirms-exxonknew-and-misled-public-about-climate-threat-decades">deceiving the public</a> about the costs of their business practices.</p>

<p>"Strikingly, nearly 30 percent of the rise in global sea level between 1880 and 2010 resulted from emissions traced to the 90 largest carbon producers," their study found. "More than six percent of the rise in global sea level resulted from emissions traced to <span class="u-underline">ExxonMobil</span>, Chevron, and BP, the three largest contributors."</p>

<p>The study also <a href="https://www.commondreams.org/newswire/2017/09/07/study-finds-top-fossil-fuel-producers-emissions-responsible-much-half-global">found</a> that "the 90 largest carbon producers contributed approximately 57 percent of the observed rise in atmospheric carbon dioxide, nearly 50 percent of the rise in global average temperature."</p>

<p>May Boeve, executive director of 350.org, <a href="https://twitter.com/350/status/905791087217975296">argued</a> in a statement on Thursday that the study's findings demonstrate that due to their contributions to climate change, major polluters are partly responsible for the extreme weather events currently wreaking havoc across the globe.</p>

<p>"<span>We should be naming these hurricanes after Exxon and Chevron, not Harvey and Irma," Boeve wrote.</span><span> <br /></span></p>

<p><span></span></p>

<p><span class="pullquote">"The time has come for the major carbon producers to face the reality of the unsafe products they persist in marketing." <br />—Henry Shue, University of Oxford</span>Yet, despite their outsized role in creating the conditions that produced storms as severe and intense as Harvey and Irma, major oil companies have committed relatively little to recovery efforts.</p>

<p>"It may take <a class="u-underline" href="http://www.politico.com/story/2017/09/03/hurricane-harvey-texas-governor-242293">tens to hundreds</a> of billions of dollars to support disaster relief and recovery among Gulf Coast communities affected by Hurricane Harvey. ExxonMobil, Chevron and BP have collectively pledged only<a class="u-underline" href="http://money.cnn.com/2017/08/27/news/companies/corporate-donations-harvey-storm/index.html"> $2.75 million</a><span class="u-underline">," Frumhoff and Allen note.</span></p>

<p><span class="u-underline">Because these companies are never held to account, however, the public—<a href="https://www.commondreams.org/news/2017/09/01/media-largely-blind-harveys-devastating-impact-poor-communities">low-income and minority communities</a> in particular—is forced to pick up the costs. </span><span class="authors__name">Henry Shue, a senior research fellow at the University of Oxford, argued in <a href="https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs10584-017-2042-9">commentary</a> accompanying the new study that this is unacceptable.<br /></span></p>

<p>"<span>By continuing major contributions to harm, the major carbon producers have for decades knowingly and flagrantly persisted in violating the bedrock principle: do no harm," Shue wrote. "</span>The time has come for the major carbon producers to face the reality of the unsafe products they persist in marketing and the safer world they could help to create. Otherwise, they risk turning themselves into enemies of humanity."</p>

<p>Boeve of 350.org agreed, writing: <span>"</span><span>Climate change isn't just a crisis, it's a crime. It's high time to hold the criminals accountable." </span></p>

<p><span>"</span><span>Taxpayers, especially those living in vulnerable coastal communities, should not have to bear the high costs of these companies' irresponsible decisions by themselves," Frumhoff concluded.<br /></span></p></div></div></div></div><div class="field-wrapper content-container clearfix" id="field-wrapper-copyright-cond"><div class="field field--name-field-copyright field--type-text field--label-hidden"><div class="field__items"><div class="field__item even">This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 License</div></div></div></div><div class="field-wrapper content-container clearfix" id="field-wrapper-share-this-article"><h3 class="field-wrapper-title">Share This Article</h3>
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