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    <title>Michael Mann: Climate Change Worsened the Impact of Hurricane Harvey</title>
    
    
    
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.posts-wrapper{background:rgba(240, 240, 240, 1);}.posts-splash-beauty .widget__body{background:rgba(240, 240, 240, 1);position:absolute;right:0;left:0;bottom:0;margin:0 auto;width:75%;max-width:820px;border-bottom:0;padding:10px 20px;box-sizing:border-box;}.posts-splash-beauty .widget__headline{font-size:3.6rem;margin-bottom:15px;}}@media (min-width:1600px){.posts-splash-beauty .widget__body{padding:20px 40px;}.posts-splash-beauty .widget__headline{margin-bottom:35px;}}.posts-social-list .widget{position:relative;display:inline-block;width:100%;padding:0 0 20px;}.posts-social-list .posts-wrapper:after{content:'';display:block;margin-bottom:-20px;}.posts-social-list .widget__headline{font-family:'Helvetica';display:block;max-height:60px;font-size:1.4rem;font-weight:600;text-overflow:ellipsis;display:-webkit-box;-webkit-line-clamp:3;-webkit-box-orient:vertical;overflow:hidden;margin-top:10px;min-width:140px;}.posts-social-list .social-author{margin-bottom:10px;}.posts-social-list 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                #sPost_0_4_0_0_0_1_1_0_0_0_18 .around-the-web__headline {font-size : 16px ;}
                #sPost_0_4_0_0_0_1_1_0_0_0_18 .widget__shares {position : relative ;left : 15px ;}@media (min-width: 0) and (max-width: 767px) {
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                #sPost_0_4_0_0_0_1_1_0_0_0_18 .widget__shares a {color : rgba(91, 91, 91, 1) ;padding : 3px ;font-size : 18px ;margin : 0 5px ;background-color : rgba(240, 240, 240, 1) ;}


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                #sPost_0_4_0_0_0_1_1_0_0_0_18 .widget__headline {margin : 5px ;}}@media (min-width: 768px) and (max-width: 1023px) {
                #sPost_0_4_0_0_0_1_1_0_0_0_18 .widget__headline {margin : 10px ;}}
                #sPost_0_4_0_0_0_1_1_0_0_0_18 .widget__section {font-size : 14px ;color : rgba(82, 149, 70, 1) ;float : right ;padding : 5px 0 ;font-weight : 600 ;display : inline-block ;}
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                #sPost_0_4_0_0_0_1_1_0_0_0_18 .social-date {position : absolute ;top : 15px ;left : 52px ;}
                #sPost_0_4_0_0_0_1_1_0_0_0_18 .social-author__social-name {text-align : right ;}
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                #sPost_0_4_0_0_0_1_1_0_0_0_18 .widget .widget__head {margin-bottom : 0 ;}
                #sPost_0_4_0_0_0_1_1_0_0_0_18 .widget .widget__body {padding : 12px  ;margin : 0 ;text-align : left ;}@media (min-width: 0) and (max-width: 767px) {
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</script><style>
.js-appear-on-expand > p:first-child{
margin-top:0;
}
@media only screen and (min-width: 768px){
.menu-opened .menu-overlay {
    z-index: 10;
    background: rgba(255,255,255,0);
}
}
.social-date {
    position: relative !important;
    top: -27px !important;
    left: 43px !important;
    margin: 0 0 -27px auto !important;
}
.posts-custom .social-author {
float:none !important;
display:inline-block !important;
}
.posts-custom .social-author__avatar {
float:none !important;
display:inline-block !important;
}
.social-author__name {
display:inline-block !important;
vertical-align:top !important;
}
.posts-custom .media-caption {
color:inherit;
font-size:85% !important;
}
.body-description .media-photo-credit {
font-style:italic;
}
.share-tab-img {
display: block;
}
#zergnet-widget-44099 {
    margin-top: 10px !important;
}
.article-description {
margin-bottom:20px;
}
.scroller-ad-place-holder {
padding:12px;
background-color:#fff;
box-shadow:0 0 3px 0 #ccc;
}
.scroller-ad-headline {
font-size:13px;
font-weight:bold;
margin-bottom:10px;
line-height:1;
color:gray;
text-transform:uppercase;
}
.element-zergnet-wrapper {
margin:12px 0;
}
.photo-credit {
font-size:12px;
margin-top:0;
color:#9a9a9a;
}
.article-content .media-caption{
font-size:12px;
}
.posts-custom .media-caption {
font-size:12px;
}
.widget p ,.article-body p {
    margin: 10px 0;
}
.widget .widget__body .body {
margin-top:0;
}
.posts-custom .widget__headline {
    font-size: 14px;
    font-weight: 700;
    word-wrap: break-word;
    line-height: 18px;
}
@media (min-width: 1025px){
.posts-custom .widget__headline {
    font-size: 18px;
    font-weight: 700;
    word-wrap: break-word;
    line-height: 22px;
}}

@media (min-width: 768px){
.infinite-scroller  .col{
margin-bottom:30px
}
.sharebar .share-plus .fa, .sharebar .share .fa {
    font-size: 18px;
}}
.sharebar .share .fb {
margin-left:7px;
}
.sharebar.with-first-button-caption:not(.enable-panel) .share:first-child:after {
    font-size: 0;
}
@media (min-width: 960px){
.with-floating-shares .rebelbar.skin-simple .rebelbar__section-links {
    display: block;
}}
hr{
display:none !important;
}
</style><!--- Post Stream ---><style>

			.widget__section:after {
			content: "";
    <title>D551ECB5-B8BA-4EE4-9C0A-8209F17AD37E</title><path%20d%3D%22M7.586%205H0v2h7.586l-3.293%203.293%201.414%201.414L11.414%206%205.707.293%204.293%201.707%207.586%205z%22%20fill-rule%3D%22nonzero%22%20fill%3D%22%23529546%22/></svg>") no-repeat right center;
    margin-left: 5px;   
    display: inline-block;
    z-index: 9;
height: 10px;
			}

.post-splash-custom .widget__section:after {
			content: "";
    width: 15px;
    background: url("data:image/svg+xml;utf8,<svg%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A//www.w3.org/2000/svg%22%20width%3D%2212%22%20height%3D%2212%22%20viewBox%3D%220%200%2012%2012%22><title>D551ECB5-B8BA-4EE4-9C0A-8209F17AD37E</title><path%20d%3D%22M7.586%205H0v2h7.586l-3.293%203.293%201.414%201.414L11.414%206%205.707.293%204.293%201.707%207.586%205z%22%20fill-rule%3D%22nonzero%22%20fill%3D%22%23529546%22/></svg>") no-repeat right center;
    margin-left: 5px;   
    display: inline-block;
    z-index: 9;
height: 10px;
			}
	.posts-custom .widget__keep-reading-action {
	text-align:left;
    margin-bottom: 10px;
	}
	.posts-custom .button.read-more {
	background-color:transparent;
	color:#529546;
	font-weight:600;
	    display: inline-block;
font-size:14px
	}
	.posts-custom .button.read-more:hover{
	background-color:transparent;
	color:#529546;
	}
	
</style><!--Custom Topnav CSS--><style>
.gsib_a{
padding:0 6px !important;
}
.gsc-search-box-tools .gsc-search-box .gsc-input {
    line-height: 24px !important;
}
.rebelbar,
.rebelbar.skin-simple {
    background-color: #ffffff;
    padding: 0;
    height: 60px;
    line-height: 60px;

}

@media screen and (min-width: 768px){
    .rebelbar,
    .rebelbar.skin-simple {
        background-color: #fff;
        height: 70px;
        line-height: 70px;
    }
}

.rebelbar__inner,
.rebelbar.skin-simple .rebelbar__inner{
    max-width: 1300px;
    box-sizing: border-box;
}

.rebelbar__menu-toggle,
.rebelbar.skin-simple .rebelbar__menu-toggle{
    background: #ffffff;
    margin: 0;
    padding: 0 10px;
    line-height: 60px;
}

@media screen and (min-width: 768px){
    .rebelbar__menu-toggle,
    .rebelbar.skin-simple .rebelbar__menu-toggle{
        line-height: 70px;
    }
}
@media screen and (min-width: 1024px){
    .rebelbar__menu-toggle,
    .rebelbar.skin-simple .rebelbar__menu-toggle{
margin-left:-25px;
    }
}

.logo{
    background-color: #fff;
    padding-right: 20px;
}

.rebelbar .rebelbar__section-links,
.rebelbar.skin-simple .rebelbar__section-links{
    padding: 0 375px 0 20px;
	    position: relative;
}
.rebelbar.skin-simple .rebelbar__section-links:before,
.rebelbar.skin-simple .rebelbar__section-links:after {
	content:"";
	position:absolute;
	height:0;
	left:0;
	right:0;
	background:#fff;
}
.rebelbar.skin-simple .rebelbar__section-links:after {
	bottom:0;
}
@media only screen and (min-width: 768px){
    .rebelbar.skin-simple .logo__image {
        max-width: 300px;
        max-height: 100%;
    }
}

.rebelbar.skin-simple .rebelbar__section-links li {
    padding: 0 10px;
}

/*Rebelbar right content*/
.rebelbar__right{   
    text-align: right;
	float:right;
	position:relative;
    
}
/*Google Search*/
.google-search-form {
    width: 230px;
    display: inline-block;
    vertical-align: top;
    height: 70px;
    padding-top: 5px;
    line-height:1;
}
input.gsc-search-button-v2 {
   padding: 6px 10px !important;
    
}


.google-search-form .gsc-control-cse {
    background: none;
    border: 0;
}
/*Social Buttons*/
.rebelbar__social {
    display: inline-block;
    vertical-align: top;
    height: 70px;
    line-height: 70px;
    box-sizing: border-box;
}

.rebelbar__social .icon-social__link {
    border: 2px solid #1f1f1f;
    color: #1f1f1f;
    border-radius: 50%;
    width: 26px;
    height: 26px;
    text-align: center;
    line-height: 26px;
    margin-left: 5px;
    font-size: 16px;
}
.rebelbar__social .icon-social__link:hover {
    color: #4e9342;
    border: 2px solid #4e9342;
}

</style><!--Custom Posts CSS--><style>

@media only screen and (min-width: 768px){
    

   .post-author__name:before, .widget__body .social-author__name:before {
        content: 'By';
        display: inline-block;
        color: #a4a2a0;
        margin-right: 5px;
    }
}

</style><!--Custom Subpage CSS--><style>
.subpage__head-angle {
    color: #1f1f1f;
    margin-right: 5px;
    font-weight: bold;
    font-size: 36px;
    line-height: 1;
}

@media only screen and (min-width: 768px){
    .subpage__head-angle {
        font-size: 54px;
    }
}
</style><!--Custom Insights CSS--><style>
/*
If we hide this, we are hidding it for all posts
.widget__body .social-author__name:before{
    display: none;
}*/
</style><!--Custom Ad CSS--><style>
.gtm-container {
    overflow: hidden;
}
</style><!--Custom Sidebar CSS--><style>
.sidebar__headline {
    font-size: 13px;
    font-weight: 700;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    margin: 0 0 10px;
    text-align: left;
   /* font-family: 'Benton Sans Cond', sans-serif;*/
	color:#4e9342;
	line-height:1;
}
.sidebar__headline .fa {
    font-size: 13px;
    font-weight: 700;
    color: #4e9342;
    display: inline-block;
    vertical-align: top;
    line-height: 13px;
    margin-right: 5px;
}
.sidebar__headline a {
    color: #4e9342;
}
.sidebar__headline:hover a {
    color: #4e9342;
}
.sidebar__link-ms {
    font-weight: 600;
    font-size: 13px;
    color: #4e9342;
    display: block;
    border-top: 1px solid #e2e2e2;
    padding-top: 11px;
}

.sidebar__headline.youmaylike__headline label {
    line-height: 1;
    display: inline-block;
	width:100%;
}
.sidebar__headline.youmaylike__headline .sponpored-by {
    display: block;
    font-size: 11px;
    text-transform: none;
    font-weight: 400;
	float:right;
}
.sidebar__headline.fromourpartners__headline .sponpored-by {
    float: right;
    font-size: 11px;
    font-weight: 400;
    text-transform: none;
    line-height: 31px;
}

.subscription-widget .social-links .social-links__link{
    width: auto;
    height: auto;
    border: 0;
    border-radius: inherit;
    text-align: left;
    padding: 0;
}

.subscription-widget .social-links .social-links__link:before {
    content: '';
    display: inline-block;
    font-size: 16px;
    vertical-align: top;
    line-height: 31px;
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            <span class="post-date">Aug. 29, 2017 08:35AM EST</span>
        
    
        
    
        
    
        
    
        
    
        
    
        
    
        
    
        
    
        
    
        
    
        
    
        
    
        
    
        
    
        
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        <br>Texas National Guardsmen assist residents affected by flooding caused by Hurricane Harvey onto a military vehicle in Houston, Aug. 27. <em>Army National Guard / Lt. Zachary West</em><em></em>
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        Michael Mann: Climate Change Worsened the Impact of Hurricane Harvey
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                data-headline="Michael Mann: Climate Change Worsened the Impact of Hurricane Harvey"
            
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        <div class="body-description"><p style="">What can we say about the role of <a href="https://www.ecowatch.com/climate-change/">climate change</a> in the <a href="https://www.ecowatch.com/hurricane-harvey-flooding-2478623393.html">unprecedented disaster</a> that is unfolding in Houston with <a href="https://www.facebook.com/hashtag/harvey?source=feed_text&amp;story_id=1515449771844553" target="_blank">Hurricane Harvey</a>?</p><p style="">There are certain climate change-related factors that we can, with great confidence, say worsened the flooding.</p><p style=""><a href="http://www.insurancejournal.com/%E2%80%A6/sou%E2%80%A6/2017/05/31/452704.htm" target="_blank">Sea level rise attributable to climate change</a> (some is due to coastal subsidence due to human disturbance e.g. oil drilling) is more than half a foot over the past few decades.</p><hr><p style="">That means that the storm surge was a half foot higher than it would have been just decades ago, meaning far more <a href="https://www.ecowatch.com/tag/flooding">flooding</a> and destruction.</p><p class="shortcode-media shortcode-media-rebelmouse-image" style=""><img class="rm-shortcode" data-rm-shortcode-id="FAE0CI1518535556" data-rm-shortcode-name="rebelmouse-image" id="4d95e" src="https://assets.rbl.ms/10607704/980x.png"/></p><p style="">In addition to that, sea surface temperatures in the region have risen about 0.5C (close to 1F) over the past few decades, from roughly 30C (86F) to 30.5C (87F), which contributed to the very warm sea surface temperatures (30.5-31 C or 87-88F). There is a simple thermodynamic relationship known as the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clausius%E2%80%93Clapeyron_relation" target="_blank">Clausius-Clapeyron equation</a> that tells us there is a roughly 3 percent increase in average atmospheric moisture content for each 0.5C (~1F) of warming. Sea surface temperatures in the area where Harvey intensified were 0.5-1C warmer than current-day average temperatures, which translates to 1-1.5C warmer than the "average" temperatures a few decades ago. That means 3-5 percent more moisture in the atmosphere.</p><p class="shortcode-media shortcode-media-rebelmouse-image"><img class="rm-shortcode" data-rm-shortcode-id="NPXU9I1518535556" data-rm-shortcode-name="rebelmouse-image" id="f7f34" src="https://assets.rbl.ms/10607706/980x.jpg"/></p><p style="">That large amount of moisture meant the potential for much greater rainfalls and greater flooding.<br/></p><p style="">The combination of coastal flooding and heavy rainfall is responsible for the devastating flooding that Houston is experiencing.</p><p style="">Not only are the surface waters of the Gulf unusually warm right now, but there is a deep layer of warm water that Harvey was able to feed upon when it intensified at near record pace as it neared the coast. Human-caused warming is penetrating down into the ocean warming not just the surface but creating deeper layers of warm water in the Gulf and elsewhere.</p><p class="shortcode-media shortcode-media-rebelmouse-image"><img class="rm-shortcode" data-rm-shortcode-id="4EKFHZ1518535556" data-rm-shortcode-name="rebelmouse-image" id="12ae9" src="https://assets.rbl.ms/10607705/980x.jpg"/></p><p style="">So Harvey was almost certainly more intense than it would have been in the absence of human- caused warming, which means stronger winds, more wind damage and a larger storm surge (as an example of how this works, <a href="http://www.pnas.org/content/112/41/12610.full" target="_blank">we have shown</a> that climate change has led to a dramatic increase in storm surge risk in New York City, making devastating events like <a href="https://www.facebook.com/hashtag/sandy?source=feed_text&amp;story_id=1515449771844553" target="_blank">Superstorm Sandy</a> more likely.<br/></p><p style="">Finally, the more tenuous but potentially relevant climate factors: Part of what has made Harvey such a devastating storm is the way it has stalled right near the coast, continuing to pummel Houston and surrounding regions with a seemingly endless deluge which will likely top out at nearly 4 feet of rainfall over a several days-long period before it is done.</p><p style="">The stalling is due to very weak prevailing winds which are failing to steer the storm off to sea, allowing it to spin around and wobble back and forth like a top with no direction. This pattern, in turn, is associated with a greatly expanded subtropical high pressure system over much of the U.S. right now, with the jet stream pushed well to the north. This pattern of subtropical expansion is predicted in model simulations of human-caused climate change.</p><p class="shortcode-media shortcode-media-rebelmouse-image"><img class="rm-shortcode" data-rm-shortcode-id="3SAOTL1518535556" data-rm-shortcode-name="rebelmouse-image" id="a061f" src="https://assets.rbl.ms/10607708/980x.jpg"/></p><p style="">More tenuous, but possibly relevant still, is the fact that very persistent, nearly "stationary" summer weather patterns of this sort, where weather anomalies (both high pressure dry hot regions and low-pressure stormy/rainy regions) stay locked in place for many days at a time, appears to be favored by human-caused climate change. We recently published on <a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/srep45242" target="_blank">this phenomenon</a>:<br/></p><p style="">In conclusion, while we cannot say climate change "caused" hurricane Harvey (that is an ill-posed question), we can say that it exacerbate several characteristics of the storm in a way that greatly increased the risk of damage and loss of life.</p><p style="">Climate change worsened the impact of Hurricane Harvey.</p></hr>
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        The Trump Effect on Climate News
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                <p>By Jeremy Deaton</p><p>All press is good press—except when it isn't.</p><p>For those who are happy about President <a href="http://www.ecowatch.com/trump-watch/">Trump</a>'s attacks on climate science and policy, this will come as bad news. By shining a spotlight on the issue, Trump drove media coverage of <a href="http://www.ecowatch.com/climate-change/">climate change</a> last year.</p>
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                        &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&#34;https://www.mediamatters.org/research/2018/02/12/how-broadcast-tv-networks-covered-climate-change-2017/219277&#34; target=&#34;_blank&#34;&gt;New analysis&lt;/a&gt; from &lt;a href=&#34;https://www.mediamatters.org/&#34; target=&#34;_blank&#34;&gt;Media Matters for America&lt;/a&gt; finds that, following a year of &lt;a href=&#34;https://newrepublic.com/minutes/141567/media-essentially-stopped-covering-climate-change&#34; target=&#34;_blank&#34;&gt;lagging coverage&lt;/a&gt; of climate change, 2017 saw network news programs scramble to report on Trump&#39;s full-scale assault on federal climate policy. The spike in coverage coincided with an increase in concern about climate change—Americans are now &lt;a href=&#34;https://ecoamerica.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/08/ecoamerica-american-climate-perspectives-2017-annual-summary-1.pdf#page=4&#34; target=&#34;_blank&#34;&gt;more worried than ever&lt;/a&gt; about the carbon crisis.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;What&#39;s more, the heightened awareness comes in spite of the fact that broadcasters fell short in several key areas. &#34;Even though corporate broadcast news coverage of climate change increased between 2016 and 2017, the quality of coverage remained poor across the board, primarily because the networks centered their climate coverage around Donald Trump while largely neglecting other important climate stories,&#34; said Lisa Hymas, director of climate and energy programs at Media Matters for America.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Here are the key takeaways from the report.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Trump drove coverage of climate change in 2017.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The nation&#39;s broadcasters didn&#39;t spend a lot of time on climate change last year, but when they did, it was almost always in response to Trump. Segments that dealt with his policies or featured statements from members of his administration accounted for 79 percent of the total time given over to climate change. Roughly half of all climate segments centered on his &lt;a href=&#34;https://nexusmedianews.com/almost-everyone-opposes-trump-on-paris-video-b6351302e90d&#34; target=&#34;_blank&#34;&gt;decision&lt;/a&gt; to pull out of the &lt;a href=&#34;http://www.ecowatch.com/tag/paris-agreement&#34;&gt;Paris agreement&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&#34;shortcode-media shortcode-media-rebelmouse-image&#34;&gt;
&lt;img class=&#34;rm-shortcode&#34; data-rm-shortcode-id=&#34;2V11TO1518542703&#34; data-rm-shortcode-name=&#34;rebelmouse-image&#34; id=&#34;5519a&#34; src=&#34;https://assets.rbl.ms/17202745/980x.png&#34;/&gt;
&lt;small class=&#34;image-media media-photo-credit&#34; placeholder=&#34;add photo credit...&#34;&gt;&lt;a href=&#34;https://www.mediamatters.org/research/2018/02/12/how-broadcast-tv-networks-covered-climate-change-2017/219277&#34; target=&#34;_blank&#34;&gt;Media Matters&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/small&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&#34;The networks paid disproportionate attention to the political spectacle Trump made of rejecting the Paris climate agreement, while they largely overlooked crucial stories like the ongoing rollback of the &lt;a href=&#34;http://www.ecowatch.com/tag/clean-power-plan&#34;&gt;Clean Power Plan&lt;/a&gt; and the role of climate change in a year of record-setting weather disasters,&#34; Hymas said.&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Broadcasters gave almost no time, for example, to the impact of climate change on public health, national security, infrastructure or the economy—not to mention numerous protests against Trump&#39;s climate policies. For example, broadcasters scarcely mentioned the &lt;a href=&#34;https://nexusmedianews.com/scenes-from-the-peoples-climate-march-81064890391c&#34; target=&#34;_blank&#34;&gt;People&#39;s Climate March&lt;/a&gt;, which drew 200,000 people to the National Mall in April.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;In a year of record storms, heat waves and wildfires, networks failed to explain how climate change is fueling extreme weather.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;2017 was a marquee year for climate change, as rising temperatures exacerbated &lt;a href=&#34;https://www.theatlantic.com/science/archive/2017/12/what-climate-change-did-and-didnt-have-to-do-with-the-socal-fires/547712/&#34; target=&#34;_blank&#34;&gt;wildfires&lt;/a&gt; in California, &lt;a href=&#34;https://insideclimatenews.org/news/23062017/deadly-heat-wave-southwest-climate-change&#34; target=&#34;_blank&#34;&gt;heatwaves&lt;/a&gt; in the Southwest, and three &lt;a href=&#34;https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/was-the-extreme-2017-hurricane-season-driven-by-climate-change/&#34; target=&#34;_blank&#34;&gt;devastating hurricanes&lt;/a&gt;— &lt;a href=&#34;https://www.ecowatch.com/tag/hurricane-harvey&#34;&gt;Harvey&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&#34;https://www.ecowatch.com/tag/hurricane-irma&#34;&gt;Irma&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&#34;https://www.ecowatch.com/tag/hurricane-maria&#34;&gt;Maria&lt;/a&gt;. Last year&#39;s weather disasters were the &lt;a href=&#34;https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/energy-environment/wp/2018/01/08/hurricanes-wildfires-made-2017-the-most-costly-u-s-disaster-year-on-record/?utm_term=.ac7065d21cb4&#34; target=&#34;_blank&#34;&gt;costliest&lt;/a&gt; in U.S. history. And yet, broadcasters devoted just four segments in total to the influence of climate change on &lt;a href=&#34;http://www.ecowatch.com/tag/extreme-weather&#34;&gt;extreme weather&lt;/a&gt;, including just two about &lt;a href=&#34;https://nexusmedianews.com/abc-and-nbc-failed-to-explain-how-climate-change-fueled-hurricane-harvey-fcdb24c0477a&#34; target=&#34;_blank&#34;&gt;last year&#39;s hurricanes&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
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&lt;img class=&#34;rm-shortcode&#34; data-rm-shortcode-id=&#34;FOSZAR1518542703&#34; data-rm-shortcode-name=&#34;rebelmouse-image&#34; id=&#34;1d36e&#34; src=&#34;https://assets.rbl.ms/17202818/980x.png&#34;/&gt;
&lt;small class=&#34;image-media media-photo-credit&#34; placeholder=&#34;add photo credit...&#34;&gt;&lt;a href=&#34;https://www.mediamatters.org/research/2018/02/12/how-broadcast-tv-networks-covered-climate-change-2017/219277&#34; target=&#34;_blank&#34;&gt;Media Matters&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/small&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;This is not to say the news outlets failed to cover natural disasters, just that they neglected to examine the influence of climate change. To be fair, it can take scientists weeks, months or longer to sift through the data to find the human fingerprint on a particular storm or &lt;a href=&#34;http://www.ecowatch.com/tag/wildfires&#34;&gt;wildfire&lt;/a&gt;. But, amid a record-setting hurricane, for example, broadcasters can invite climate scientists to explain how climate change is contributing to extreme weather more generally. Per usual, PBS far outperformed its peers in this regard, while CBS came in at a distant second.&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;News outlets gave an uncontested platform to climate deniers.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Broadcasters gave a considerable amount of time to &lt;a href=&#34;http://www.ecowatch.com/tag/climate-denier&#34;&gt;climate deniers&lt;/a&gt; in 2017, much of it unavoidable. The president of the U.S. has said human-caused climate change is a fiction, and reporters have to report on what he says. That doesn&#39;t mean, however, that they must do so uncritically.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Reporters have a responsibility to put the president&#39;s remarks in context, explaining that scientists &lt;a href=&#34;https://climate.nasa.gov/scientific-consensus/&#34; target=&#34;_blank&#34;&gt;overwhelmingly agree&lt;/a&gt; that humans are causing climate change. Yet, in 37 percent of segments noting Trump has called climate change a &#34;hoax,&#34; broadcasters did not challenge his claim. TV news anchors were similarly lax in pushing back on the fallacious claims of administration officials. The report highlighted this exchange between U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (&lt;a href=&#34;http://www.ecowatch.com/tag/epa&#34;&gt;EPA&lt;/a&gt;) chief &lt;a href=&#34;http://www.ecowatch.com/tag/scott-pruitt&#34;&gt;Scott Pruitt&lt;/a&gt; and Chuck Todd, host of Meet the Press:&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&#34;shortcode-media shortcode-media-rebelmouse-image&#34;&gt;
&lt;img class=&#34;rm-shortcode&#34; data-rm-shortcode-id=&#34;Z8M1P91518542703&#34; data-rm-shortcode-name=&#34;rebelmouse-image&#34; id=&#34;2407d&#34; src=&#34;https://assets.rbl.ms/17202819/980x.png&#34;/&gt;
&lt;small class=&#34;image-media media-photo-credit&#34; placeholder=&#34;add photo credit...&#34;&gt;&lt;a href=&#34;https://www.mediamatters.org/research/2018/02/12/how-broadcast-tv-networks-covered-climate-change-2017/219277&#34; target=&#34;_blank&#34;&gt;Media Matters&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/small&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;More generally, journalists charged with providing an objective account of the day&#39;s news often settle for a he-said-she-said roundup of political elites. The consequence is that reports from scientists or policymakers about the severity of climate change are often paired with statements from high-profile climate deniers.&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Americans are more worried than ever about climate change. Trump may have something to do with it.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;There&#39;s evidence the public uses the volume of coverage of a particular issue to gauge the &lt;a href=&#34;https://www.utwente.nl/en/bms/communication-theories/sorted-by-cluster/Mass%20Media/Agenda-Setting_Theory/&#34; target=&#34;_blank&#34;&gt;importance&lt;/a&gt; of that issue. And &lt;a href=&#34;http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/10584609.2012.694986&#34; target=&#34;_blank&#34;&gt;study&lt;/a&gt; after &lt;a href=&#34;https://web.stanford.edu/class/comm1a/readings/bennett-press-state.pdf&#34; target=&#34;_blank&#34;&gt;study&lt;/a&gt; after &lt;a href=&#34;http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/1081180X99004003006&#34; target=&#34;_blank&#34;&gt;study&lt;/a&gt; has found that elites drive what news outlets cover. A &lt;a href=&#34;https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Jason_Carmichael3/publication/311446538_Elite_cues_media_coverage_and_public_concern_an_integrated_path_analysis_of_public_opinion_on_climate_change_2001-2013/links/5a4d0d81458515a6bc6dc678/Elite-cues-media-coverage-and-public-concern-an-integrated-path-analysis-of-public-opinion-on-climate-change-2001-2013.pdf&#34; target=&#34;_blank&#34;&gt;2016 paper&lt;/a&gt;, for example, found that &#34;opinion on climate change is &lt;em&gt;directly&lt;/em&gt; influenced by media coverage,&#34; and that &#34;the most important driver of media remains elite cues from politicians and movement actors.&#34;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Trump is driving TV coverage of climate change, and as a result, he is raising the profile of the issue. Last year&#39;s spike in coverage of climate change corresponded with an uptick in public concern. Worry about climate change is now at an &lt;a href=&#34;https://ecoamerica.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/08/ecoamerica-american-climate-perspectives-2017-annual-summary-1.pdf#page=4&#34; target=&#34;_blank&#34;&gt;all-time high&lt;/a&gt; across several polls.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&#34;shortcode-media shortcode-media-rebelmouse-image&#34;&gt;
&lt;img class=&#34;rm-shortcode&#34; data-rm-shortcode-id=&#34;BU43ZQ1518542703&#34; data-rm-shortcode-name=&#34;rebelmouse-image&#34; id=&#34;c1a84&#34; src=&#34;https://assets.rbl.ms/17202821/980x.png&#34;/&gt;
&lt;small class=&#34;image-media media-photo-credit&#34; placeholder=&#34;add photo credit...&#34;&gt;&lt;a href=&#34;https://ecoamerica.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/08/ecoamerica-american-climate-perspectives-2017-annual-summary-1.pdf&#34; target=&#34;_blank&#34;&gt;EcoAmerica&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/small&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;In this way, climate change mirrors several other issues. When this particular president takes a stance—that the press can&#39;t be trusted, or that immigrants are a threat—large numbers of Americans &lt;a href=&#34;https://www.vox.com/policy-and-politics/2017/10/4/16408968/trump-midas-touch&#34; target=&#34;_blank&#34;&gt;run in the other direction&lt;/a&gt;. Just as the public has grown more concerned about the climate, it has also become more trusting of the press and more supportive of immigration.&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The retreat from Trump may reflect the president&#39;s habit of playing to his base while antagonizing Democrats and independents. Persuasion is a lost art in this White House. So far, the administration&#39;s repeated attacks on &lt;a href=&#34;http://www.ecowatch.com/science/&#34;&gt;science&lt;/a&gt; and policy have pushed broadcasters to cover an issue that, until recently, they were happy to ignore.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Going forward, Hymas argued, TV reporters should take their cues not just from political elites, but from the scientific community, which has made clear that climate change is an &lt;a href=&#34;http://nymag.com/daily/intelligencer/2017/07/climate-change-earth-too-hot-for-humans.html&#34; target=&#34;_blank&#34;&gt;existential threat&lt;/a&gt;. &#34;As the climate crisis intensifies,&lt;br/&gt;the broadcast networks must report on the real-world effects of climate change and climate policies rather than treating the issue as Trump&#39;s political football,&#34; she said.&lt;/p&gt;
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&lt;iframe class=&#34;rm-shortcode&#34; data-rm-shortcode-id=&#34;HA1OY41518542639&#34; frameborder=&#34;0&#34; height=&#34;150&#34; id=&#34;twitter-embed-951160659433152512&#34; scrolling=&#34;no&#34; src=&#34;/res/community/twitter_embed/?iframe_id=twitter-embed-951160659433152512&amp;amp;created_ts=1515609347.0&amp;amp;screen_name=EcoWatch&amp;amp;text=100%2B+Candidates+for+Congress+Want+to+Win+in+2018+on+a+Platform+of+Decisive+Climate+Action+https%3A%2F%2Ft.co%2Fqda6zRjXZ1%E2%80%A6+https%3A%2F%2Ft.co%2FVfDCIcYHrL&amp;amp;id=951160659433152512&amp;amp;name=EcoWatch&#34; width=&#34;100%&#34;&gt;&lt;/iframe&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Reposted with permission from our media associate &lt;a href=&#34;https://nexusmedianews.com/the-trump-effect-on-climate-change-in-the-news-b56ab1e718bc&#34; target=&#34;_blank&#34;&gt;Nexus Media&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/hr&gt;
                    
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        How to Reduce Methane Emissions From the Oil and Gas Industry Across North America
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                data-headline="How to Reduce Methane Emissions From the Oil and Gas Industry Across North America"
            
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	By Kate Konschnik and Sarah Marie Jordaan
</p><p>
	U.S. natural gas production has boomed in the past decade, driving gas prices sharply downward. Natural gas has become a competitive choice for electricity generation, <a href="https://www.eia.gov/electricity/annual/html/epa_03_01_a.html" target="_blank">edging out coal</a>. Because gas contains <a href="https://www.eia.gov/tools/faqs/faq.php?id=73&amp;t=11" target="_blank">less carbon than coal</a>, greenhouse gas emissions from power plants have dropped, and the U.S. grid has become cleaner, more efficient and more flexible. More natural gas is also entering the power sectors in <a href="https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=29592" target="_blank">Mexico</a> and <a href="https://www.neb-one.gc.ca/nrg/ntgrtd/ftr/2016/index-eng.html" target="_blank">Canada</a>.
</p><p>
	But the low-carbon profile of natural gas doesn't tell the whole story. <a href="http://www.ecowatch.com/tag/methane">Methane</a>, its primary component, is a powerful greenhouse gas. It leaks to the atmosphere from wells and <a href="http://www.ecowatch.com/tag/pipelines">pipelines</a>, contributing to <a href="http://www.ecowatch.com/climate-change/">climate change</a> and reducing the climate benefit of using natural gas.
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                        &lt;p&gt;
	In 2016 U.S., Canadian and Mexican leaders &lt;a href=&#34;https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/the-press-office/2016/03/10/us-canada-joint-statement-climate-energy-and-arctic-leadership&#34; target=&#34;_blank&#34;&gt;pledged&lt;/a&gt; to reduce methane emissions from the oil and natural gas sector 40 to 45 percent below 2012 levels by 2025. Today, however, &lt;a href=&#34;https://www.canada.ca/en/environment-climate-change/services/canadian-environmental-protection-act-registry/proposed-methane-regulations.html&#34; target=&#34;_blank&#34;&gt;Canada&lt;/a&gt; is just beginning to contemplate more comprehensive regulatory limits on methane. Mexico has made only nonbinding pledges so far, and the &lt;a href=&#34;http://www.ecowatch.com/trump-watch/&#34;&gt;Trump&lt;/a&gt; administration is &lt;a href=&#34;https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/energy-environment/wp/2017/12/07/trump-will-delay-a-rule-to-limit-a-pollutant-far-worse-than-carbon/?utm_term=.85185ecdb744&#34; target=&#34;_blank&#34;&gt;rolling back federal methane regulation&lt;/a&gt;.
&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&#34;shortcode-media shortcode-media-rebelmouse-image&#34;&gt;
&lt;img class=&#34;rm-shortcode&#34; data-rm-shortcode-id=&#34;ZELRRI1518538199&#34; data-rm-shortcode-name=&#34;rebelmouse-image&#34; id=&#34;9ba03&#34; src=&#34;https://assets.rbl.ms/17202494/980x.png&#34;/&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;
	Scientists are still working to quantify methane emissions from oil and gas production, and to improve tools for detecting and reducing methane leaks. But even though much of the science is still uncertain, and the Trump administration is retreating from regulating methane leaks, we believe it is still possible and necessary to make progress on reducing methane emissions.
&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;
	Many actors—including state and provincial governments, industry, and nongovernmental organizations—are working to advance methane measurement and mitigation efforts. To be effective, they need to work in concert. In a newly published &lt;a href=&#34;https://doi.org/10.1080/14693062.2018.1427538&#34; target=&#34;_blank&#34;&gt;synthesis article&lt;/a&gt;, we propose a North American Methane Reduction Framework to coordinate regulations, voluntary industry actions and scientific developments in methane estimation and mitigation. This approach can bridge the divide between science and policy, and drive new research that in turn can support better policies when governments are ready to act.
&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;Measurement Gaps and Partial Responses&lt;/strong&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;
	Despite huge advances, large gaps in methane emissions inventories remain. The magnitude of leaks from oil and gas infrastructure remains disputed and insufficiently measured.
&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;
	Regional &lt;a href=&#34;http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.6b04303&#34; target=&#34;_blank&#34;&gt;studies&lt;/a&gt; have found that up to 90 percent of emissions come from a small number of sources that leak large amounts of methane into the atmosphere. Detecting and managing these &#34;super-emitters&#34; is an undeveloped area of research, but offers the potential for major reductions.
&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;
	There also are many discrepancies in how methane emissions are measured from place to place. States and provinces have inconsistent reporting requirements, applying different thresholds over which facilities must report emissions. And there are unexplained differences between facility-level estimates of methane coming out of leaky valves and pipes on one hand, and measurements of methane in the atmosphere near oil and gas facilities.
&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;
	Meanwhile, mitigation work is proceeding slowly. Companies have detected and limited some methane leaks, recapturing what represents lost product. However, earnings from recovering fugitive methane are not always sufficient to justify voluntary action.
&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&#34;shortcode-media shortcode-media-youtube&#34;&gt;
&lt;iframe class=&#34;rm-shortcode&#34; data-rm-shortcode-id=&#34;SQGZX71518538199&#34; frameborder=&#34;0&#34; height=&#34;480&#34; scrolling=&#34;no&#34; src=&#34;https://www.youtube.com/embed/6QVoRZaEh98?rel=0&#34; width=&#34;100%&#34;&gt;&lt;/iframe&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;
	This suggests a need for regulation. But the U.S. and Canadian national governments have limited authority to regulate methane leaks from oil and gas production, so states and provinces are in the driver&#39;s seat. To date, Alberta and British Columbia have set targets, but are still developing regulations. Although natural gas is produced in 32 U.S. states, only a handful require energy companies to conduct bottom-up monitoring and repair leaks. And only California conducts atmospheric monitoring statewide to track top-down methane trends. In Mexico, the regulatory framework for oil and gas is &lt;a href=&#34;http://res.dallasnews.com/interactives/border_energy/&#34; target=&#34;_blank&#34;&gt;nascent&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;br/&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;Partnering to Find Solutions&lt;/strong&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;
	Our framework encourages cross-sector collaborations and scientific research that informs public policy. Scientists from industry, nongovernment organizations and universities can work together to share data and analyze emissions profiles at oil and gas sites, so long as their research is truly independent and peer-reviewed. State agencies can agree to harmonize reporting standards in order to facilitate research by scientists in all sectors. Companies can partner with enforcement agencies to deploy new sensors and measurement tools.
&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;
	There are precedents for this kind of collaboration. For example, an &lt;a href=&#34;https://www.edf.org/climate/methane-studies&#34; target=&#34;_blank&#34;&gt;innovative partnership&lt;/a&gt; between industry, academics and the nonprofit &lt;a href=&#34;https://www.edf.org/&#34; target=&#34;_blank&#34;&gt;Environmental Defense Fund&lt;/a&gt; has brought together researchers to collect data and conduct methane estimation and measurements. This work is designed to improve government emissions inventories and inform mitigation policies, and is distinct from advocating for specific policy outcomes.
&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;
	Similar partnerships have helped to drive solutions to other problems during national leadership voids. For example, the &lt;a href=&#34;https://eiti.org/&#34; target=&#34;_blank&#34;&gt;Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative&lt;/a&gt; is a coalition of governments, companies, investors and civil society organizations that promotes standards for industry reporting of oil, gas and mining revenues. While its impacts vary from country to country, the initiative has been credited with &lt;a href=&#34;https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resourpol.2016.12.004&#34; target=&#34;_blank&#34;&gt;establishing transparency as an international norm&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href=&#34;https://theconversation.com/why-isnt-australia-signing-up-to-mining-revenue-transparency-32954&#34; target=&#34;_blank&#34;&gt;promoting dialogue&lt;/a&gt; between governments, businesses and nongovernment organizations.
&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&#34;shortcode-media shortcode-media-rebelmouse-image&#34;&gt;
&lt;img class=&#34;rm-shortcode&#34; data-rm-shortcode-id=&#34;UT0P871518538199&#34; data-rm-shortcode-name=&#34;rebelmouse-image&#34; id=&#34;6e5ef&#34; src=&#34;https://assets.rbl.ms/17202497/980x.png&#34;/&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;A Continental Framework&lt;br/&gt;
&lt;/strong&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;
	The challenge of driving action from below is to ensure that multiple actors align their efforts. Our article lays out a 10-step North American Methane Reduction process that is designed to jump-start this conversation.
&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;
	It starts by assessing existing policies in the U.S., Canada and Mexico. Next, the framework aims to iteratively improve policy decisions by continually advancing science and innovation around emissions, based on the number and age of oil and gas components; identifying and characterizing &#34;super-emitters&#34;; improving measurement and detection technologies; and finding more cost-effective mitigation strategies. This approach recognizes that policymaking cannot always wait for completion of scientific research—but it can be informed by the latest developments and can facilitate new research.
&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;
	The Trump administration has &lt;a href=&#34;https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/powerpost/paloma/the-energy-202/2017/12/07/the-energy-202-trump-has-backed-away-from-regulating-methane-now-industry-says-it-will-reduce-emissions-itself/5a28315030fb0469e883fa5f/?utm_term=.449431f179e0&#34; target=&#34;_blank&#34;&gt;slammed the brakes&lt;/a&gt; on regulating fugitive methane emissions, but it cannot wish the problem away. Beyond climate concerns, events such as the 2010 &lt;a href=&#34;https://www.aga.org/sites/default/files/legacy-assets/our-issues/safety/pipleinesafety/Technicalreports/Documents/Final%20Report%20of%20NTSB%20San%20Bruno%20Accident%20Investigation.pdf&#34; target=&#34;_blank&#34;&gt;pipeline explosion&lt;/a&gt; that killed eight people in San Bruno, California, and the 2015-16 &lt;a href=&#34;https://theconversation.com/californias-aliso-canyon-methane-leak-climate-disaster-or-opportunity-53198&#34; target=&#34;_blank&#34;&gt;Aliso Canyon gas leak&lt;/a&gt; that displaced thousands of residents from the Porter Ranch neighborhood in Los Angeles, underscore the safety risks of poorly maintained oil and gas infrastructure.
&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;
	Plugging methane leaks is no simple task. Management requires measurement, and this international, cross-jurisdictional challenge requires active coordination across many groups, including industry, environmental organizations, academics, national and subnational governments, and public health and safety agencies. Our framework presents a path for integrating science and policy and addressing this uncertain challenge to move North America toward a lower carbon future.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&#34;shortcode-media shortcode-media-twitter_embed&#34;&gt;
&lt;iframe class=&#34;rm-shortcode&#34; data-rm-shortcode-id=&#34;XK72VO1518538199&#34; frameborder=&#34;0&#34; height=&#34;150&#34; id=&#34;twitter-embed-944223111012061185&#34; scrolling=&#34;no&#34; src=&#34;/res/community/twitter_embed/?iframe_id=twitter-embed-944223111012061185&amp;amp;created_ts=1513955307.0&amp;amp;screen_name=EcoWatch&amp;amp;text=Five+Things+to+Watch+as+Industry+Tackles+Methane+in+2018+https%3A%2F%2Ft.co%2F9bCGDbeheI+%23Methane+%40EnvDefenseFund+%40NRDC%E2%80%A6+https%3A%2F%2Ft.co%2FVp2Ti4S44N&amp;amp;id=944223111012061185&amp;amp;name=EcoWatch&#34; width=&#34;100%&#34;&gt;&lt;/iframe&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;
&lt;em&gt;Reposted with permission from our media associate &lt;a href=&#34;https://theconversation.com/how-to-reduce-methane-emissions-from-the-oil-and-gas-industry-across-north-america-91635&#34; target=&#34;_blank&#34;&gt;The Conversation&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;script async=&#34;async&#34; data-counter=&#34;https://counter.theconversation.com/content/91635/count?distributor=republish-lightbox-advanced&#34; id=&#34;theconversation_tracker_hook&#34; src=&#34;https://theconversation.com/javascripts/lib/content_tracker_hook.js&#34; type=&#34;text/javascript&#34;&gt;&lt;/script&gt;&lt;/hr&gt;
                    
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        While Exploding Military Spending, Trump Budget Eviscerates Funding for EPA, Healthcare and More
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                data-headline="While Exploding Military Spending, Trump Budget Eviscerates Funding for EPA, Healthcare and More"
            
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                <p style="">By Julia Conley</p><p style=""><span></span>Nearly <a href="https://www.commondreams.org/news/2018/02/12/thehill.com/homenews/administration/373441-the-federal-programs-trump-proposes-cutting-in-2019-budget" target="_blank">two dozen</a> federal programs and agencies are in danger of losing funding under President Donald Trump's <a href="https://www.whitehouse.gov/wp-content/uploads/2018/02/budget-fy2019.pdf" target="_blank">2019 budget proposal</a>, released Monday. The proposed cuts will potentially result in drastic changes to social welfare programs and other government efforts to improve the lives of working people across the country as well as those in impoverished nations.</p>
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                        &lt;p style=&#34;&#34;&gt;While programs heralded by progressives may be in peril, the budget calls for a 13 percent increase in spending by the military, up from the Pentagon&#39;s 2017 level of spending. The president is asking for $686 billion in defense spending—$80 billion more than the Pentagon currently receives for its bloated and unaccountable budget.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&#34;&#34;&gt;&#34;When our nation can&#39;t manage to turn the lights on for the people of Puerto Rico, when we can&#39;t help those suffering from opioid addiction get treatment, and when we can&#39;t ensure education and healthcare to all of our citizens, how is it possible we can justify spending billions more on weapons that don&#39;t work to fight enemies that don&#39;t exist?&#34; said Stephen Miles, head of the peace group Win Without War in a &lt;a href=&#34;https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2018/feb/09/senate-budget-deal-us-military-spending&#34; target=&#34;_blank&#34;&gt;statement&lt;/a&gt; last week, ahead of the budget release.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Below are some of the initiatives that the president is asking Americans to sacrifice while ramping up military spending.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;International Reproductive Health Aid&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;As part of the anti-choice &lt;a href=&#34;https://www.commondreams.org/news/2018/02/08/reproductive-rights-groups-slam-wh-report-trumps-unconscionable-global-gag-rule&#34; target=&#34;_blank&#34;&gt;global gag order&lt;/a&gt; the president reinstated to bar health organizations that rely on federal funding from providing abortion care and counseling, the administration is requesting new investments in family planning efforts, &#34;with an emphasis on evidence-based methods, including fertility awareness&#34;—suggesting funding for contraceptives in impoverished countries will be slashed.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&#34;&#34;&gt;&#34;This budget confirms that Trump and his cronies in his White House of ill-repute are hell-bent on substituting religious dogma for evidence and that the gratuitous cruelty of their first year can be expected in the second as well,&#34; said Brian Dixon of the Population Connection Action Fund.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&#34;&#34;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Department of Education (DOE)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&#34;&#34;&gt;The president is requesting a 10.5 percent decrease in funding for the DOE. The budget would &lt;a href=&#34;https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/education/wp/2018/02/12/devos-seeks-massive-cuts-from-education-department-to-support-school-choice/?utm_term=.185a3b9ef85a&#34; target=&#34;_blank&#34;&gt;eliminate&lt;/a&gt; the Public Service Loan Forgiveness program and reduce the number of income-based loan repayment plans offered. Meanwhile, more than $1 billion would be spent on private school vouchers, charter schools and other initiatives that shift funding away from public schools.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&#34;shortcode-media shortcode-media-twitter_embed&#34; style=&#34;&#34;&gt;
&lt;iframe class=&#34;rm-shortcode&#34; data-rm-shortcode-id=&#34;RAVYER1518534606&#34; frameborder=&#34;0&#34; height=&#34;150&#34; id=&#34;twitter-embed-963150751374684160&#34; scrolling=&#34;no&#34; src=&#34;/res/community/twitter_embed/?iframe_id=twitter-embed-963150751374684160&amp;amp;created_ts=1518468008.0&amp;amp;screen_name=JohnBKing&amp;amp;text=Budgets+are+statements+of+values.++The+Trump+administration%E2%80%99s+budget+released+today+continues+a+relentless+assault%E2%80%A6+https%3A%2F%2Ft.co%2FhYRPOywuhW&amp;amp;id=963150751374684160&amp;amp;name=John+King&#34; width=&#34;100%&#34;&gt;&lt;/iframe&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&#34;&#34;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Public Media&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&#34;&#34;&gt;The president is proposing eliminating federal funding for the Corporation for Public Broadcasting (CPB), the non-profit which helps finance PBS and NPR, over a two-year period.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The budget cut would likely be rebuked by much of the U.S. population. On Monday PBS released the results of a &lt;a href=&#34;http://www.pbs.org/about/blogs/news/americans-rate-pbs-and-its-member-stations-most-trusted-institution-for-the-15th-consecutive-year/&#34; target=&#34;_blank&#34;&gt;survey&lt;/a&gt; that found that Americans ranked the organization as the number-one most trusted public institution in the country.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&#34;&#34;&gt;&#34;PBS, our 350 member stations and our legions of local supporters will continue to remind leaders in Washington of the significant benefits the public receives in return for federal funding, a modest investment of about $1.35 per citizen per year,&#34; PBS President Paula Kerger said in a &lt;a href=&#34;http://deadline.com/2018/02/pbs-donald-trump-paula-kerger-responds-budget-eliminate-public-media-funding-1202286441/&#34; target=&#34;_blank&#34;&gt;statement.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&#34;&#34;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&#34;&#34;&gt;The president&#39;s budget proposal would bring funding for the EPA to its lowest level since 1990, with a 34 percent reduction in spending from 2017. Funding cuts for &lt;a href=&#34;https://www.ecowatch.com/climate-change/&#34;&gt;climate change&lt;/a&gt; research, the Environmental Education Program, and programs that protect American waters from pollution are among those that will be made.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&#34;&#34;&gt;&#34;President Trump&#39;s budget is nothing short of devastating for all Americans who value clean air, safe drinking water and protected public lands,&#34; said Rhea Suh, president of the National Resources Defense Council, in a statement. &#34;Congress must reject it, and instead invest in a cleaner, safer, and more prosperous future for everyone.&#34;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&#34;&#34;&gt;Under the proposed budget, the Trump administration would cut the budget for SNAP benefits by about 27 percent and would dictate the food that low-income households are able to purchase using the benefits, also known as food stamps. About half of a family&#39;s monthly benefits would come in the form of a box of pre-selected food, including &#34;shelf-stable milk, ready to eat cereals, pasta, peanut butter, beans and canned fruit and vegetables,&#34; according to the budget.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&#34;&#34;&gt;&#34;They have managed to propose nearly the impossible, taking over $200 billion worth of food from low-income Americans while increasing bureaucracy and reducing choices,&#34; Joel Berg, CEO of Hunger Free America, &lt;a href=&#34;https://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2018/02/12/585130274/trump-administration-wants-to-decide-what-food-snap-recipients-will-get&#34; target=&#34;_blank&#34;&gt;told&lt;/a&gt; NPR&lt;em&gt;.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Medicare and Medicaid&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&#34;&#34;&gt;Hundreds of billions of dollars in cuts to Medicare and Medicaid are &lt;a href=&#34;https://www.commondreams.org/news/2018/02/12/morally-bankrupt-budget-after-15-trillion-gift-rich-trump-demands-17-trillion-safety&#34; target=&#34;_blank&#34;&gt;also included&lt;/a&gt; in the budget. On social media, critics summed up the president&#39;s plan as consistent with the tax law he signed in December—with sacrifices coming from working families as the wealthy benefit.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&#34;shortcode-media shortcode-media-twitter_embed&#34;&gt;
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&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&#34;&#34;&gt;&#34;Donald Trump has proposed a federal budget that steals from working families to pay for his massive $1.5 trillion tax cut that largely benefits the wealthy and big corporations,&#34; said Frank Clemente, executive director for Americans for Tax Fairness, in a statement. &#34;He&#39;s taking away health care from seniors, food from families, college loans for the next generation, and support for people with disabilities to benefit the fortunate few.&#34;&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&#34;&#34;&gt;To the extent the proposals reach Congress, Clemente added, lawmakers &#34;should reject the Trump budget and create a tax system that makes the rich and corporations pay their fair share so we can invest in all Americans, not take from them.&#34;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&#34;&#34;&gt; &lt;em&gt;Reposted with permission from our media associate &lt;a href=&#34;https://www.commondreams.org/news/2018/02/12/while-exploding-military-spending-trump-budget-eviscerates-funding-education&#34; target=&#34;_blank&#34;&gt;Common Dreams&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/hr&gt;
                    
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        Study Projects Two Feet of Sea Level Rise by 2100
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                data-headline="Study Projects Two Feet of Sea Level Rise by 2100"
            
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	Global 
	<a href="https://www.ecowatch.com/tag/sea-level-rise">sea levels</a> are rising at a rapid rate and could be another two feet higher by the end of the century compared to 2005 levels, a <a href="http://www.pnas.org/content/early/2018/02/06/1717312115" target="_blank">study</a> based on 25 years of satellite data shows.
</p><p>
	The research, published Monday in the 
	Proceedings of the National Academies of Sciences, shows that global sea levels have risen roughly three millimeters (0.1 inches) per year in the past. However, that rate is not constant—it may jump to 10 millimeters per year by 2100.
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	One of the main drivers behind that acceleration is the &lt;a href=&#34;https://www.ecowatch.com/greenland-ice-sheet-2465348674.html&#34; target=&#34;_blank&#34;&gt;melting ice sheets&lt;/a&gt; in Greenland and Antarctica.
&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;
	Significantly, the projected sea level rise is a &#34;conservative&#34; estimate and may likely be higher, the researchers warn.
&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;
	&#34;There may be abrupt changes in the ice sheets,&#34; lead author Steve Nerem, a University of Colorado-Boulder professor of aerospace engineering sciences, told 
	&lt;a href=&#34;https://thinkprogress.org/sea-level-rise-is-speeding-up-eb3e2e325551/&#34; target=&#34;_blank&#34;&gt;ThinkProgress&lt;/a&gt;. “That&#39;s why I think that this is a conservative estimate, because it doesn&#39;t consider what if the ice sheets really start to go.&#34;
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&lt;iframe class=&#34;rm-shortcode&#34; data-rm-shortcode-id=&#34;1ONDWC1518534606&#34; frameborder=&#34;0&#34; height=&#34;150&#34; id=&#34;twitter-embed-963177819969916929&#34; scrolling=&#34;no&#34; src=&#34;/res/community/twitter_embed/?iframe_id=twitter-embed-963177819969916929&amp;amp;created_ts=1518474461.0&amp;amp;screen_name=borenbears&amp;amp;text=Sea+level+rise+is+accelerating+because+of+melting+of+ice+sheets+in+Greenland+%26amp%3B+Antarctica%2C+new+study+shows.+Acceler%E2%80%A6+https%3A%2F%2Ft.co%2FjbRsDh9PbB&amp;amp;id=963177819969916929&amp;amp;name=seth+borenstein&#34; width=&#34;100%&#34;&gt;&lt;/iframe&gt;
&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;
	The new research confirms computer-modeled projections from the UN&#39;s Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change.
&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;
	Nerem told 
	&lt;a href=&#34;https://insideclimatenews.org/news/11022018/sea-level-rise-accelerating-satellite-study-coastal-flood-risk-antarctica-oceans&#34; target=&#34;_blank&#34;&gt;InsideClimate News&lt;/a&gt; that the study is important because it relies completely on observational data.
&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;
	&#34;Some folks have not wanted to do anything about climate change because they don&#39;t trust the models. These findings support the modeled projections,&#34; he said.
&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;
	Sea level rise is already 
	&lt;a href=&#34;https://www.ecowatch.com/sea-level-rise-2462029837.html&#34;&gt;causing major problems&lt;/a&gt; for coastal cities, from high tides to intense storm surges.
&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;
	&#34;Any flooding concerns that coastal communities have for 2100 may occur over the next few decades,&#34; Oregon State University coastal flooding expert Katy Serafin told the  
	&lt;a href=&#34;https://apnews.com/cf2f9386c024449aae126351d6c67cde/Satellites-show-warming-is-accelerating-sea-level-rise&#34; target=&#34;_blank&#34;&gt;Associated Press&lt;/a&gt;.
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&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/hr&gt;
                    
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        Scientists Battle Mysterious Pathogen Destroying Coral Reefs Off Florida Coast
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                data-headline="Scientists Battle Mysterious Pathogen Destroying Coral Reefs Off Florida Coast"
            
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                <p>By Robynne Boyd </p><p>Off the coast of Broward County in southeast Florida, a 330-year-old <a href="http://www.ecowatch.com/tag/coral-reefs">coral</a> colony has withered in the water thanks to a mysterious pathogen. At the height of its health, this slow-growing variety of coral, known as mountainous star, looked like a car-size brown mushroom cap scored by ridges and valleys and colored with splashes of fluorescent green. Today the countless minuscule sea-anemone-like polyps that form the colony have turned white and died, laying bare the skeletal structure below.</p>
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&lt;p class=&#34;shortcode-media shortcode-media-rebelmouse-image&#34;&gt;
&lt;img class=&#34;rm-shortcode&#34; data-rm-shortcode-id=&#34;WQRONM1518531360&#34; data-rm-shortcode-name=&#34;rebelmouse-image&#34; id=&#34;6b99e&#34; src=&#34;https://assets.rbl.ms/17202404/980x.jpg&#34;/&gt;
&lt;small class=&#34;image-media media-caption&#34; placeholder=&#34;add caption...&#34;&gt;A centuries-old mountainous star coral colony&lt;/small&gt;&lt;small class=&#34;image-media media-photo-credit&#34; placeholder=&#34;add photo credit...&#34;&gt;Flower Garden Banks National Marine Sanctuary / NOAA / Schmahl&lt;/small&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Corals all along Florida&#39;s southeastern shore are succumbing to the same disease. In fact, more than half of &lt;a href=&#34;https://floridadep.gov/fco/fco/content/floridas-coral-reefs&#34; target=&#34;_blank&#34;&gt;the state&#39;s Coral Reef Tract&lt;/a&gt;—an area 175 miles long and covering more than 100,000 acres—has been infected. It&#39;s a rapid change in circumstance that has experts concerned and scrambling for answers and solutions.&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&#34;This is unprecedented,&#34; said Karen Bohnsack, reef resilience coordinator for the Florida Department of Environmental Protection (DEP) Coral Reef Conservation Program. Never before has this number of coral species in an area of this size begun dying off this quickly, she said. &#34;Unfortunately, as far as what it is that&#39;s causing it, the only answer I can give is that we don&#39;t know.&#34;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;There are in fact many unknowns in this unfolding coral murder mystery. Scientists have coined the generic term &#34;white syndrome&#34; to describe the unidentified virus or bacteria because of the white bands or uneven white blotches that engulf the coral. The disease has touched at least 21 of the approximately 25 species of stony, or hard, corals that help make up the Florida reefs. The most common of these, including staghorn, acorn, mountain star, cavernous and knobby brain corals, have all been dealt a hefty blow.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&#34;If corals contract this white syndrome, in most cases the coral colony will die, and that&#39;s what&#39;s most concerning,&#34; said Bohnsack. &#34;We have seen an almost 100 percent mortality in this disease event.&#34;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The first signs of white syndrome appeared in 2015 off Key Biscayne, a barrier island south of Miami. It appeared in tandem with the longest, most widespread, and &lt;a href=&#34;https://www.nrdc.org/onearth/beyond-pale&#34; target=&#34;_blank&#34;&gt;most damaging global bleaching event on record,&lt;/a&gt; which stretched from 2014 to 2017. &lt;a href=&#34;http://www.ecowatch.com/tag/coral-bleaching&#34;&gt;Coral bleaching&lt;/a&gt; and white disease are two separate events. Bleaching occurs when coral polyps release their colorful, symbiotic &lt;a href=&#34;http://www.ecowatch.com/tag/algae&#34;&gt;algae&lt;/a&gt; due to the excessive stress of warming water. Coral disease can occur with or without high heat stress.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&#34;The reefs suffered severe bleaching in those years, and each event caused major outbreaks of coral disease in 2015 and 2016,&#34; said Mark Eakin, coordinator of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration&#39;s Coral Reef Watch Program. &#34;Unfortunately, the diseases are appearing much faster than scientists can identify them,&#34; Eakin added.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p class=&#34;shortcode-media shortcode-media-rebelmouse-image&#34;&gt;
&lt;img class=&#34;rm-shortcode&#34; data-rm-shortcode-id=&#34;4DJVXO1518531360&#34; data-rm-shortcode-name=&#34;rebelmouse-image&#34; id=&#34;09060&#34; src=&#34;https://assets.rbl.ms/17202413/980x.jpg&#34;/&gt;
&lt;small class=&#34;image-media media-caption&#34; placeholder=&#34;add caption...&#34;&gt;Coral bleaching in the Maldives&lt;/small&gt;&lt;small class=&#34;image-media media-photo-credit&#34; placeholder=&#34;add photo credit...&#34;&gt;The Ocean Agency / XL Catlin Seaview Survey, 2016&lt;/small&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;In the 1980s, coral diseases were restricted to a few warm-water areas such as the Caribbean. Now outbreaks occur almost every year and can be found in most of the world&#39;s coral reef habitats, whether in remote ocean landscapes or near dense human populations, such as off the Florida coast.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The same goes for heat stress. The warm water that causes bleaching is now both hotter and more common than before, said Eakin. Coral reefs now bleach about four times more often than they did in the early 1980s, &lt;a href=&#34;http://science.sciencemag.org/content/359/6371/80&#34; target=&#34;_blank&#34;&gt;according to a recent article in Science.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Unfortunately, Florida&#39;s white syndrome has not slowed in pace even though the most recent global bleaching event has ended and the waters have cooled. The disease is creeping southward, and scientists are trying to figure out why. Most difficult to understand is whether the heat made the pathogen stronger, enabling it to thrive where it wouldn&#39;t otherwise, or weakened the coral, making the reefs more susceptible to disease.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&#34;We&#39;re not managing our resources properly, and that&#39;s driving global change,&#34; said David Gilliam, assistant professor of marine and environmental sciences at Nova Southeastern University in Florida. &#34;It&#39;s like there&#39;s a base level of stress the reefs experience, then periodic moments of stress that drive the bleaching. Then we have all these people, runoff, and other nasty things that are further stressing our system. I think it is naive to think these aren&#39;t anthropogenic declines.&#34;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Last year, monitoring efforts by Gilliam&#39;s team found a &lt;a href=&#34;http://www.sun-sentinel.com/news/florida/fl-reg-coral-reef-disease-20171206-story.html&#34; target=&#34;_blank&#34;&gt;35 percent loss&lt;/a&gt; of stony corals off the south Florida coast, he said. One species, the pillar coral, is on the verge of local extinction; only one of 65 known pillar corals remains alive.&lt;/p&gt;
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&lt;img class=&#34;rm-shortcode&#34; data-rm-shortcode-id=&#34;I5AYYF1518531360&#34; data-rm-shortcode-name=&#34;rebelmouse-image&#34; id=&#34;dc78e&#34; src=&#34;https://assets.rbl.ms/17202420/980x.jpg&#34;/&gt;
&lt;small class=&#34;image-media media-caption&#34; placeholder=&#34;add caption...&#34;&gt;Dave Vaughan of Mote Marine Laboratory plants coral in Key West.&lt;/small&gt;&lt;small class=&#34;image-media media-photo-credit&#34; placeholder=&#34;add photo credit...&#34;&gt;Mote Marine Laboratory / Conor Goulding&lt;/small&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Even so, oceanic experts say all hope is not lost. The state of Florida allocated $1 million for coral disease monitoring and response for 2017–2018. Scientists are also finding novel ways to grow and replant the reefs. Dave Vaughan, executive director of the Mote Marine Laboratory&#39;s International Center for Coral Reef Research in Summerland Key, Florida, is breeding local corals to be more resilient to bleaching, warming and disease.&lt;br/&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Using &lt;a href=&#34;https://mote.org/research/program/coral-reef-restoration&#34; target=&#34;_blank&#34;&gt;a process called microfragmentation,&lt;/a&gt; he slices a golf ball–size mountain star coral into hundreds of fragments, and those tiny pieces regrow with impressive vigor. A coral that normally takes three years to grow to the size of a golf ball can now take about three months. When planted close together, the fast-growing corals fuse to form a larger colony.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&#34;We can now bring back half a century of coral in a couple of years,&#34; said Vaughan, who planted tens of thousands of corals last year. &lt;a href=&#34;https://mote.org/news/article/mote-scientist-vows-to-restore-one-million-corals-before-retirement&#34; target=&#34;_blank&#34;&gt;His goal is to plant a million before he retires&lt;/a&gt; in the next decade or so.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The importance of coral reefs cannot be overstated. The Florida Reef Tract provides $6 billion in income each year from tourism, fishing and other business, according to the DEP. Like the 330-year-old mountainous star coral mentioned above, the ancient systems that form this tract are &lt;a href=&#34;http://www.ecowatch.com/tag/biodiversity&#34;&gt;biodiversity&lt;/a&gt; hot spots for a wondrous array of &lt;a href=&#34;https://www.ecowatch.com/tag/marine-life&#34;&gt;marine creatures&lt;/a&gt; and also provide essential coastal protection. It&#39;s all part of the Sunshine State&#39;s allure.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&#34;There&#39;s still so much out there to save,&#34; said Bohnsack of the future of Florida&#39;s reefs. &#34;There are survivors even in some of the most susceptible species. I still have hope.&#34;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&#34;shortcode-media shortcode-media-twitter_embed&#34;&gt;
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        &#39;Dangerous Drift-Prone Pesticide&#39; Threatens Millions of Acres, Hundreds of Endangered Species: Farmers and Conservationists Sue EPA, Monsanto
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                data-headline="&#39;Dangerous Drift-Prone Pesticide&#39; Threatens Millions of Acres, Hundreds of Endangered Species: Farmers and Conservationists Sue EPA, Monsanto"
            
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                <p>On Friday, public interest organizations representing farmers and conservationists made their <a href="https://www.centerforfoodsafety.org/files/70-1-petitioners-opening-brief-public-version-extracted-292018_89052.pdf" target="_blank">legal case</a> in a <a href="https://www.centerforfoodsafety.org/press-releases/4744/public-interest-groups-farmers-file-lawsuit-challenging-monsantos-toxic-pesticides" target="_blank">federal lawsuit</a> against the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (<a href="http://www.ecowatch.com/tag/epa">EPA</a>) and the <a href="http://www.ecowatch.com/tag/monsanto">Monsanto</a> Company, challenging EPA's approval of Monsanto's new "XtendiMax" <a href="http://www.ecowatch.com/tag/pesticides">pesticide</a>. XtendiMax is Monsanto's version of <a href="https://www.ecowatch.com/tag/dicamba">dicamba</a>, an old and highly drift-prone weed-killer. EPA's approval permitted XtendiMax to be sprayed for the first time on growing soybeans and cotton that Monsanto has genetically engineered (GE) to be resistant to dicamba.</p>
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                        &lt;p&gt;The 2017 crop season—the first year of XtendiMax use—was an unprecedented disaster. Just as critics warned would happen, dicamba sprayed on Monsanto&#39;s GE soybeans and cotton formed vapor clouds that drifted to damage a host of crops and wild plants. Over three million acres of soybeans as well as scores of vegetable and fruit crops, trees and shrubs throughout the country were damaged by dicamba drift. Flowering plants near cropland also suffered, with potential harms to pollinators, as well as hundreds of &lt;a href=&#34;http://www.ecowatch.com/tag/endangered-species&#34;&gt;endangered animal and plant species&lt;/a&gt;. Agronomists reported they had never seen herbicide-related drift damage on anything approaching this scale before. As the 2018 season approaches, experts predict similar widespread devastation.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&#34;The evidence shows that, rather than protecting farmers and the public interest, government officials rushed this pesticide to market without the rigorous analysis and data the law requires,&#34; said George Kimbrell, of the &lt;a href=&#34;https://www.centerforfoodsafety.org&#34; target=&#34;_blank&#34;&gt;Center for Food Safety&lt;/a&gt; and counsel in the case. &#34;There was good reason that decision had such devastating consequences last year: it was illegal.&#34;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The &lt;a href=&#34;https://www.centerforfoodsafety.org/files/70-1-petitioners-opening-brief-public-version-extracted-292018_89052.pdf&#34; target=&#34;_blank&#34;&gt;papers filed in court&lt;/a&gt; tell the story of how EPA should have known this would occur, yet instead was pressured by Monsanto into approving the pesticide without any measures to prevent vapor drift. The evidence in the case also shows that in late 2017, under pressure to take some action, EPA adopted revised instructions for use Monsanto proposed and approved—measures that agronomists believe will again be ineffective.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Denise O&#39;Brien, Iowa farmer and Board president of &lt;a href=&#34;http://www.panna.org/&#34; target=&#34;_blank&#34;&gt;Pesticide Action Network&lt;/a&gt;, said, &#34;Last year, EPA ignored concerns of farmers, caving to Monsanto&#39;s pressure and rushing dicamba-resistant seeds to market. EPA has failed utterly to protect farmers from this exploding crisis.&#34;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Ben Burkett, &lt;a href=&#34;http://nffc.net/&#34; target=&#34;_blank&#34;&gt;National Family Farm Coalition&lt;/a&gt; board president raising soy, old growth pine trees and roughly 20 different vegetables in Mississippi commented: &#34;I&#39;m firmly against using dicamba. Mother Nature will win this fight anyway, but dicamba is very detrimental to the environment and will cause more harm than good to farms and farmers.&#34;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Not only did EPA fail to protect farmers, it put at risk literally hundreds of endangered species. Despite its own conclusion that the approval might harm an extraordinary number of the protected birds, mammals and insects in dozens of states, EPA refused to seek the guidance of the federal expert &lt;a href=&#34;http://www.ecowatch.com/tag/wildlife&#34;&gt;wildlife&lt;/a&gt; agencies, as the Endangered Species Act requires, and instead approved Monsanto&#39;s pesticide without any measures to protect them, and denied there would be any risk.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&#34;EPA&#39;s disregard of both the law and the welfare of endangered whooping cranes, grey wolves, Indiana bats, and hundreds of other species at risk of extinction is unconscionable,&#34; &lt;a href=&#34;https://earthjustice.org/&#34; target=&#34;_blank&#34;&gt;Earthjustice&lt;/a&gt; attorney Paul Achitoff said. &#34;That the EPA would indulge in this kind of recklessness and junk science to appease Monsanto is shocking.&#34;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&#34;The EPA&#39;s foolish approval of dicamba left a deep scar across millions of acres of farms and &lt;a href=&#34;https://www.ecowatch.com/tag/forests&#34;&gt;forests&lt;/a&gt;,&#34; said Nathan Donley, a senior scientist at the &lt;a href=&#34;http://www.biologicaldiversity.org/&#34; target=&#34;_blank&#34;&gt;Center for Biological Diversity&lt;/a&gt;. &#34;The ill-advised rush to approve this dangerous drift-prone pesticide reflects just how far the EPA has strayed from its duty to protect Americans and wildlife from harmful toxins.&#34;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The plaintiff organizations bringing the lawsuit are National Family Farm Coalition, Pesticide Action Network, Center for Food Safety and Center for Biological Diversity, represented jointly by legal counsel from Earthjustice and Center for Food Safety.&lt;/p&gt;
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        <a class="social-author__name" href="/community/lorraine_chow">Lorraine Chow</a>

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        The Queen Declares War on Plastic
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                data-headline="The Queen Declares War on Plastic"
            
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                <p>
	Queen Elizabeth II is banning <a href="https://www.ecowatch.com/tag/plastics" target="_blank">plastic</a> straws and bottles across the royal estates.
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<p>
<a href="http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2018/02/11/queen-declares-war-plastic-david-attenborough-documentary/?utm_campaign=Echobox&amp;utm_medium=Social&amp;utm_source=Facebook" target="_blank">The Telegraph</a> reported that the monarch is behind Buckingham Palace's plans to phase out single-use plastics from public cafes, royal residences and staff dining rooms.
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	Royal caterers will instead use china plates and glasses or recyclable paper cups. Takeaway food from the Royal Collection cafes must be made of compostable or biodegradable packaging.
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&lt;p&gt;
	&#34;Across the organization, the Royal Household is committed to reducing its environmental impact,&#34; a palace spokesman said, according to the Telegraph.
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;
	&#34;As part of that, we have taken a number of practical steps to cut back on the use of plastics. At all levels, there&#39;s a strong desire to tackle this issue.&#34;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;
	The Queen was reportedly inspired to take action after working with famed naturalist Sir David Attenborough on a conservation documentary about wildlife in the Commonwealth.
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&lt;p&gt;
	Attenborough&#39;s &#34;Blue Planet II&#34; documentary that aired last year highlighted the 
	&lt;a href=&#34;https://www.ecowatch.com/22-facts-about-plastic-pollution-and-10-things-we-can-do-about-it-1881885971.html&#34;&gt;devastating effects&lt;/a&gt; of plastic on our  &lt;a href=&#34;https://www.ecowatch.com/tag/oceans&#34; target=&#34;_blank&#34;&gt;oceans&lt;/a&gt;  and marine life.
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&lt;iframe class=&#34;rm-shortcode&#34; data-rm-shortcode-id=&#34;BEM07G1518459596&#34; frameborder=&#34;0&#34; height=&#34;480&#34; scrolling=&#34;no&#34; src=&#34;https://www.youtube.com/embed/I4QNolP7Khc?rel=0&#34; width=&#34;100%&#34;&gt;&lt;/iframe&gt;
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	The Royal family is dedicated to a number of 
	&lt;a href=&#34;https://www.ecowatch.com/prince-harrys-moving-photos-from-africa-trip-show-brutal-reality-of-po-1882128405.html&#34;&gt;environmental causes&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;a href=&#34;https://www.ecowatch.com/prince-charles-ocean-plastic-2414062935.html&#34;&gt;Last year,&lt;/a&gt; Prince Charles helped launch a $2 million competition to stop the &lt;a href=&#34;https://www.ecowatch.com/8-million-metric-tons-of-plastic-dumped-into-worlds-oceans-each-year-1882012563.html&#34;&gt;8 million tons of plastics&lt;/a&gt; from entering our oceans each year, which Charles described as an &#34;escalating ecological and human disaster.&#34;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;
	British lawmakers are 
	&lt;a href=&#34;https://www.ecowatch.com/microbeads-ban-uk-2523906473.html&#34;&gt;also urging&lt;/a&gt; for more action to fight plastic pollution. A ban on &lt;a href=&#34;https://www.ecowatch.com/tag/microbeads&#34; target=&#34;_blank&#34;&gt;microbeads&lt;/a&gt; came into force in Britain last month, an initiative that will &#34;stop billions of pieces of plastic entering our ecosystem, helping to protect our precious seas and oceans,&#34; Prime Minister Theresa May &lt;a href=&#34;https://twitter.com/theresa_may/status/950688770659176448&#34; target=&#34;_blank&#34;&gt;tweeted&lt;/a&gt; then.
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;
	In 2015, a 5p (5 British pennies) fee was introduced on plastic carrier bags, which led to 9 billion fewer bags being used.
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;
&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&#34;It&#39;s making a real difference,&#34; May said of the bag fee. &#34;We want to do the same with single use plastics.&#34;
&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;
&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;Many businesses in the UK are getting on board with cutting out plastics. Starbucks recently introduced a 5p disposable cup charge in 20 to 25 central London outlets to encourage customers to switch to reusable cups. And Iceland Foods, a major UK supermarket chain specializing in frozen food, &lt;a href=&#34;https://www.ecowatch.com/plastic-pollution-mcdonalds-2525962206.html&#34; target=&#34;_blank&#34;&gt;announced&lt;/a&gt; that it will eliminate plastic packaging from its own brand of products by the end of 2023.
&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/hr&gt;
                    
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    <span class="social-date__text">Feb. 12, 2018 12:36PM EST</span>
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    <a class="widget__headline-text custom-post-headline" href="https://www.ecowatch.com/trump-infrastructure-plan-2534037986.html" >
        Trump&#39;s Infrastructure Plan &#39;Steamrolls&#39; Environmental Safeguards
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                data-headline="Trump&#39;s Infrastructure Plan &#39;Steamrolls&#39; Environmental Safeguards"
            
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                <p>President Donald <a href="http://www.ecowatch.com/trump-watch/">Trump</a> boasted "<a href="https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/963031666150313984" target="_blank">a big week for infrastructure</a>" Monday as the White House <a href="https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefings-" target="_blank">announced</a> its long-awaited $1.5 trillion <a href="https://www.ecowatch.com/tag/infrastructure-plan">plan</a> to improve the nation's roads, buildings and power supplies.<br/></p><p>
	 Infrastructure is usually a bipartisan, consensus issue, but environmental groups criticized the White House's initiative, as it involves a <a href="https://www.ecowatch.com/trump-infrastructure-plan-2530300337.html">drastic rollback</a> of federal environmental review to shorten the process of approving infrastructure projects.
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	&#34;President Trump&#39;s infrastructure proposal is a disaster,&#34; Shelley Poticha, the managing director of the Healthy People &amp;amp; Thriving Communities Program at the &lt;a href=&#34;https://www.nrdc.org/&#34; target=&#34;_blank&#34;&gt;Natural Resources Defense Council&lt;/a&gt;, said in a statement. &#34;It fails to offer the investment needed to bring our country into the 21st century. Even worse, his plan includes an unacceptable corporate giveaway by truncating environmental reviews.&#34;
&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;
	Regulatory oversight for infrastructure projects &lt;a href=&#34;https://www.dtnpf.com/agriculture/web/ag/news/article/2018/02/12/white-house-wants-stimulate-1-5&#34; target=&#34;_blank&#34;&gt;usually falls&lt;/a&gt; to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, the Army Corps of Engineers, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and other agencies. Instead, the White House plan calls for the creation of a &#34;one agency, one decision&#34; scheme, or one lead federal agency to streamline environmental review and the permitting process within 21 months.
&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;
	As Trump said last month in his State of the Union address: &#34;Any bill must also streamline the permitting and approval process—getting it down to no more than two years, and perhaps even one.&#34;
&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;
&lt;a href=&#34;https://wilderness.org/&#34; target=&#34;_blank&#34;&gt;The Wilderness Society&lt;/a&gt; has &lt;a href=&#34;https://wilderness.org/press-release/trump-infrastructure-budget-plans-would-steamroll-environment-safeguards&#34; target=&#34;_blank&#34;&gt;also listed&lt;/a&gt; a number of concerns about the infrastructure blueprint:
&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&#34;margin-left: 20px;&#34;&gt;
		•	&lt;strong&gt;Dismantling basic environmental safeguards. &lt;/strong&gt;The leaked version of Trump infrastructure plan would eviscerate the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) by collapsing time lines, freezing out experts and delegating federal authority to states and private interests.  NEPA provides for the essential public review process for federal projects. Billed as &#34;streamlining,&#34; the infrastructure proposal steamrolls over a wide array of safeguards that protect the nation&#39;s air, waters and land.
&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&#34;margin-left: 20px;&#34;&gt;
&lt;strong&gt;•	&lt;a href=&#34;https://www.ecowatch.com/tag/pipelines&#34;&gt;Pipelines&lt;/a&gt; through parks. &lt;/strong&gt;The infrastructure plan would give Interior Secretary &lt;a href=&#34;http://www.ecowatch.com/tag/ryan-zinke&#34;&gt;Ryan Zinke&lt;/a&gt; the authority to approve natural gas pipeline routes that cut through national parks.
&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&#34;margin-left: 20px;&#34;&gt;
		•	&lt;strong&gt;Paying for infrastructure by selling off public lands.&lt;/strong&gt; The White House document on infrastructure called &#34;Funding Principles&#34; included a section titled “Disposition of Federal Real Property.&#34; That provision would give the president authority to use executive orders for &#34;disposal of Federal assets to improve the overall allocation of economic resources in infrastructure investment.&#34;
&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;
	&#34;With this infrastructure plan, President Trump would line the pockets of oil and gas companies while steamrolling environmental safeguards,&#34; said Drew McConville, senior managing director at The Wilderness Society, in a statement. &#34;He is taking a bipartisan priority and turning it into a divisive scheme to reward friends in the fossil fuel sector.&#34;
&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;
	The Trump  administration has already targeted &lt;a href=&#34;https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2017/10/05/climate/trump-environment-rules-reversed.html&#34; target=&#34;_blank&#34;&gt;more than 60&lt;/a&gt; environmental regulations, including an Obama-era rule that protects infrastructure projects from flooding and rising sea levels exacerbated by &lt;a href=&#34;https://www.ecowatch.com/climate-change&#34; target=&#34;_blank&#34;&gt;climate change&lt;/a&gt;.
&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;
	&#34;With such a public record of promoting the interests of corporate polluters over communities and the environment, no one should be fooled by Trump&#39;s infrastructure scam,&#34; the &lt;a href=&#34;https://www.americanprogress.org/&#34; target=&#34;_blank&#34;&gt;Center for American Progress&lt;/a&gt; noted last month. &#34;It is little more than a Trojan horse designed to gut the environmental protections that are necessary for the clean air, clean water, wildlife and national parks that truly make America great.&#34;
&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;
	Finally, as the &lt;a href=&#34;https://www.nytimes.com/2018/02/10/climate/trump-infrastructure-climate-change.html&#34; target=&#34;_blank&#34;&gt;New York Times&lt;/a&gt; pointed out, an infrastructure strategy led by an administration that &lt;a href=&#34;https://www.ecowatch.com/tag/climate-denier&#34;&gt;denies climate change&lt;/a&gt; and has reversed critical environmental protections could mean that costly new infrastructure projects may be quickly rendered obsolete by the impacts of a warming planet.
&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;
	&#34;The impact of not considering climate change when planning infrastructure means you end up building the wrong thing, in the wrong place, to the wrong standards,&#34; Michael Kuby, a professor of geographical sciences and urban planning at Arizona State University and contributing author to the &lt;a href=&#34;https://science2017.globalchange.gov/&#34; target=&#34;_blank&#34;&gt;National Climate Assessment&lt;/a&gt;, told the publication. &#34;That&#39;s a whole lot of waste.&#34;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&#34;shortcode-media shortcode-media-twitter_embed&#34;&gt;
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<div id="sSide_Bar_0_9_0_0_0_0_4" class="col sm-mb-2 md-mb-4 s12 m12 l12">
    <!-- User Code --><div class="sidebar-zergnet"><div class="ad-placeholder ad-placeholder--sidebar ad-placeholder--sidebar-mid"><div class="ad-placeholder-inner"><!--TBN BTF 300x250 pos 4 STARTS--><div id="tbn-98a59225-29d8-8290-0cc0-beedd25028ba"><script type="text/javascript">window.$tbn = window.$tbn || {"d":function(){}}; $tbn.d("98a59225-29d8-8290-0cc0-beedd25028ba");</script></div><!--TBN BTF 300x250 pos 4 ENDS--></div></div><div class="headline-divider"></div><div class="sidebar__headline youmaylike__headline"><label>You May Like<span class="sponpored-by">Sponsored by ZergNet</span></label></div><div id="zergnet-widget-44099"></div><script language="javascript" type="text/lazy-javascript" priority="5">
        (function(){
            var zergnet = document.createElement('script');
            zergnet.type = 'text/javascript'; zergnet.async = true;
            zergnet.src = (document.location.protocol == "https:" ? "https:" : "http:") + '//www.zergnet.com/zerg.js?id=44099';
            var znscr = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0];
            znscr.parentNode.insertBefore(zergnet, znscr);
        })();
    </script></div><!-- End User Code -->
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<div id="sSide_Bar_0_9_0_0_0_0_5" class="col sm-mb-2 md-mb-4 s12 m12 l12">
    <!-- User Code --><div id="sticky-ad-top"></div><!-- End User Code --><div class="sticky-ad-right-bar" id="sSide_Bar_0_9_0_0_0_0_5_1"><div id="sSide_Bar_0_9_0_0_0_0_5_1_0" class="row-wrapper clearfix ">
    <div class="row px20">
        

<div id="sSide_Bar_0_9_0_0_0_0_5_1_0_0" class="col sm-mb-2 md-mb-4 s12 m12 l12">
    <!-- User Code --><div id="sidebar-ad-5"></div>



<!-- End User Code --><!-- User Code --><script type="text/lazy-javascript" priority="1">

rblms.require(['jquery'], function(jQ) {   
    jQ(window)
        .scroll(function () {
            var window_top = jQ(this).scrollTop();

           
        if (jQ('#sticky-ad-top').length) {
            var div_top = jQ('#sticky-ad-top').offset().top;
            var width_right_side=jQ('#sticky-ad-top').parent().width()-24;
            if (window_top+80> div_top) {
				jQ('.sticky-ad-right-bar').css({'position':'fixed','top':'80px', 'width':width_right_side});
				jQ('#sticky-ad-top').height(jQ('.sticky').outerHeight());
				}
			else {
				jQ('.sticky-ad-right-bar').removeAttr('style');
				jQ('#sticky-ad-top').height(0);
				}  
		}  
            
        })
        .resize(function () {
            jQ(this).trigger('scroll');
        });
});
</script><!-- End User Code -->
</div>


    
    
    
    </div>
</div>



        
        
        
        </div>
</div>


    
    
    
    </div>
</div>



        
        
        
</div>


    </div>
</div>



        
        
        
        
        
        
        </div></div>
            </div>



    
    <script>
    var LOADING_ATTR = "runner-lazy-loading";
    function lazyLoadByAttr(attrFrom, attrTo, processAttrs) {
        processAttrs = processAttrs || replaceAttrAndRemoveFrom;
        var arr = document.querySelectorAll('[' + attrFrom + ']');
        for(var i=0; i < arr.length; ++i) {
            var el = arr[i];
            if(elementInViewport(el, 600, 200)){
                processAttrs(el, attrFrom, attrTo);
            }
        };
    }

    function replaceAttrAndRemoveFrom(el, attrFrom, attrTo) {
        el.setAttribute(attrTo, el.getAttribute(attrFrom));
        el.removeAttribute(attrFrom);
    }


    var checkRunnerLazyLoadedItems = throttle(function() {
        lazyLoadByAttr('data-runner-src', 'src', processIframes);
        lazyLoadByAttr('data-runner-style', 'style', processBackgroundImage);
    }, 100);

    // process post images with background img
    function processBackgroundImage(el, attrFrom, attrTo) {
        var Q = el.clientWidth;
        var sufix = "sd";
        if(Q > 599 || !Q) {
            sufix = "hd"
        } else if (Q > 299) {
            sufix = "md"
        }

        el.setAttribute(LOADING_ATTR, true);
        el.removeAttribute(attrFrom);

        var img = document.createElement('img');
        img.onload = function() {
            el.removeAttribute(LOADING_ATTR);
        };

        img.src = el.getAttribute("data-runner-img-" + sufix);
        el.style.backgroundImage = "url(" + img.src +")";
    }

    // process iframes
    function processIframes(el, attrFrom, attrTo) {
        el.onload = function() {
            el.removeAttribute(attrFrom);
            el.removeAttribute(LOADING_ATTR);
        };
        el.setAttribute(attrTo, el.getAttribute(attrFrom));
        el.setAttribute(LOADING_ATTR, true);
    }

    checkRunnerLazyLoadedItems();

    function debounce(func, wait, immediate) {
        var timeout;
        return function() {
            var context = this, args = arguments;
            var later = function() {
                timeout = null;
                if (!immediate) func.apply(context, args);
            };
            var callNow = immediate && !timeout;
            clearTimeout(timeout);
            timeout = setTimeout(later, wait);
            if (callNow) func.apply(context, args);
        };
    };

    function throttle (callback, limit) {
      var wait = false;
      return function () {
        if (!wait) {

          callback.apply(null, arguments);
          wait = true;
          setTimeout(function () {
            wait = false;
          }, limit);
        }
      }
    }

    function elementInViewport(el, extraOffsetTop, extraOffsetBottom) {
      var extraOffsetTop = extraOffsetTop || 0;
      var extraOffsetBottom = extraOffsetBottom || 0;
      var top = el.offsetTop;
      var height = el.offsetHeight;
      while(el.offsetParent) {
        el = el.offsetParent;
        top += el.offsetTop;
      }
      var topEdge = top - extraOffsetTop;
      var bottomEdge = top + height + extraOffsetBottom;
      var topScreenEdge = window.pageYOffset;
      var bottomScreenEdge = window.pageYOffset + window.innerHeight;

      return (topEdge < bottomScreenEdge && topEdge > topScreenEdge) ||  // top edge in screen
        (bottomEdge < bottomScreenEdge && bottomEdge > topScreenEdge) || // bottom edge in screen
        (topEdge < topScreenEdge && bottomEdge > bottomScreenEdge); // belly in screen
    }

    if(!!window.addEventListener){
      window.addEventListener('scroll', checkRunnerLazyLoadedItems);
    } else {
      window.onscroll = checkRunnerLazyLoadedItems();
    }
</script>


<script type="text/lazy-javascript" priority="0">
rblms.require(["jquery"], function($) {
    $(function() {
        // default configuration

        var _ = {};
            _.elPrefix            = ".js-";
            _.elTab               = _.elPrefix + 'tab';
            _.elToggle            = _.elPrefix + 'toggle';
            _.elOverflowBox       = _.elPrefix + 'overflow-box';
            _.elScrollTrigger     = _.elPrefix + 'scroll-trigger';
            _.attrPrefix          = "data-";
            _.attrTarget          = _.attrPrefix + "target";
            _.attrToggleClass     = _.attrPrefix + "toggle-class";
            _.attrGroupId         = _.attrPrefix + "group-id";
            _.attrShareStatusId   = _.attrPrefix + "share-status-id";
            _.attrScope           = _.attrPrefix + "scope";
            _.attrPriority        = _.attrPrefix + "priority";
            _.attrFilters         = _.attrPrefix + "filters";
            _.attrTriggers        = _.attrPrefix + "triggers";
            _.attrListeners       = _.attrPrefix + "listeners";
            _.attrElementLoaded   = _.attrPrefix + "loaded";
            _.statusPrefix        = "js--";
            _.statusActive        = _.statusPrefix + "active";
            _.eventNamespace      = ".domi";

        var _info = {
            elementsLoaded: 0,
            isListeningScroll: false,
            isListeningResize: false
        }

        // store data for window listeners
        
        var _overflowBoxes = [];
        var _scrollTriggers = [];
        var _hub = $('<div/>');

        // base element toggle function

        function toggle ($domiEl, status, silent) {
            var $target = getTarget($domiEl);
            var classData  = getToggleClass($domiEl);

            $target.toggleClass(classData, status);
            $domiEl.toggleClass(_.statusActive, status);

            triggerEvents($domiEl, status, silent);
        }

        function getTarget($domiEl, defaultSelector) {
            var scope = getScope($domiEl);
            var filters = getFilters($domiEl);
            var targetName = $domiEl.attr(_.attrTarget) || defaultSelector;
            var query;
            
            if(scope) {
                query = $domiEl[scope](targetName);
            } else {
                query = $(targetName);
            }

            $.each(filters, function(i, filter){
                if(!filter) return;
                query = query && query[filter]();
            });

            return query;
        }

        function getScope($domiEl) {
            return $domiEl.attr(_.attrScope);
        }

        function getFilters($domiEl) {
            return ($domiEl.attr(_.attrFilters) || "").split(',');
        }

        function getTriggers($domiEl) {
            return ($domiEl.attr(_.attrTriggers) || "").split(',');
        }

        function getListeners($domiEl) {
            return ($domiEl.attr(_.attrListeners) || "").split(' ');
        }

        function getToggleClass($domiEl) {
            return $domiEl.attr(_.attrToggleClass);
        }

        function getGroupId($domiEl) {
            return $domiEl.attr(_.attrGroupId);
        }

        function getShareStatusId($domiEl) {
            return $domiEl.attr(_.attrShareStatusId);
        }

        function getPriority($domiEl) {
            return $domiEl.attr(_.attrPriority) || "0";
        }

        function triggerEvents($domiEl, status, silent) {
            var triggers = getTriggers($domiEl);
            var sufix = status ? "--on" : "--off";

            $.each(triggers, function(i, event){
                if(!event) return;
                _hub.trigger(ns(event + sufix));
            });

            if (!silent) {
                var groupId = getGroupId($domiEl);
                groupId && _hub.trigger(ns("group:" + groupId), [$domiEl, status]);

                var shareStatusId = getShareStatusId($domiEl);
                shareStatusId && _hub.trigger(ns("share-status:" + shareStatusId), [$domiEl, status]);
            }
        }

        function registerAsLoaded($domiEl) {
            var isLoaded = $domiEl.attr(_.attrElementLoaded);

            if(isLoaded) {
                return isLoaded;
            }

            $domiEl.attr(_.attrElementLoaded, true);
            _info.elementsLoaded++;

            var listeners = getListeners($domiEl);
            var groupId = getGroupId($domiEl);
            var shareStatusId = getShareStatusId($domiEl);

            groupId && _hub.on(ns("group:" + groupId), function(event, $domiElSender, status) {
                // console.log(event.type + " triggered");
                if(!$domiEl.is($domiElSender)) {
                    $domiEl.trigger(ns('setStatus'), [false, true]);
                }
            });

            shareStatusId && _hub.on(ns("share-status:" + shareStatusId), function(event, $domiElSender, status) {
                // console.log(event.type + " triggered");
                if(!$domiEl.is($domiElSender)) {
                    $domiEl.trigger(ns('setStatus'), [status, true]);
                }
            });

            $.each(listeners, function(i, listener) {
                var l = listener.split(":");

                switch(l[0]) {
                    case "on":
                        _hub.on(ns(l[1]), function(event) {
                            // console.log(event.type + " triggered");
                            $domiEl.trigger(ns('setStatus'), [true, false]);
                        });
                        break;
                    case "off":
                        _hub.on(ns(l[1]), function(event) {
                            // console.log(event.type + " triggered");
                            $domiEl.trigger(ns('setStatus'), [false, false]);
                        });
                        break;
                }
            });

            return isLoaded
        }

        // js-tab
        // 
        // usage:
        // 
        // <div class="js-tab" data-target="#menu" data-toggle-class="opened">
        function createTab(selector) {
            $(selector).each(function() {
                var $el = $(this);

                if(registerAsLoaded($el)) {
                    return
                }

                $el.on(ns('setStatus'), function(e, newStatus, silent) {
                    // console.log("setStatus:" , newStatus)
                    toggle($el, newStatus, silent);
                });

                $el.on('click', function(e) {
                    e.preventDefault();
                    var status = $el.hasClass(_.statusActive);

                    if(!status) {
                        $el.trigger(ns('setStatus'), [true, false]); 
                    }
                });
            });
        }


        // js-toggle
        // 
        // usage:
        // 
        // <div class="js-toggle" data-target="body" data-toggle-class="main-menu-opened">
        //
        function createToggle(selector) {
            $(selector).each(function() {
                var $el = $(this);
                
                if(registerAsLoaded($el)) {
                    return
                }

                $el.on(ns('setStatus'), function(e, newStatus, silent) {
                    toggle($el, newStatus, silent);
                });

                $el.on('click', function(e) {
                    e.preventDefault();
                    var status = $el.hasClass(_.statusActive);

                    $el.trigger(ns('setStatus'), [!status, false]);
                });
            });
        }


        // js-overflow-box
        // 
        // usage:
        // 
        // <div class="js-overflow-box" data-target="body">
        //

        function createOverflowBox(selector) {
            $(selector).each(function() {
                var $el      = $(this);
                var children = $el.children();
                var tmpPriority;
                var priority;
                var $current;
                var $min;
                var $max;
                var $tmp;
                var pA;
                var pB;
                var c;
                var i;

                if(registerAsLoaded($el)) {
                    return
                }

                $el.on(ns('setStatus'), function(e, newStatus, silent) {
                    if(newStatus) {
                        checkOverflowBoxes([$el], silent);
                    }
                });

                _overflowBoxes.push($el);

                children.each(function(i, current){
                    $current = $(current);

                    $min = null;
                    priority = getPriority($current);

                    for (c = i - 1; c >= 0; c--) {
                        $tmp = $(children[c]);
                        tmpPriority = getPriority($tmp);

                        if (!$min && tmpPriority <= priority){
                            $min = $tmp;
                        }
                    };

                    $current.data('data-left-node', $min);
                });
                 
                bubbleSort(children);
                
                $el.data('children', children);
            });

            if(!_info.isListeningResize && _overflowBoxes.length) {
                $(window).resize(onResize);
                onResize();
                _info.isListeningResize = true;
            }
        }
        
        function onResize() {
            checkOverflowBoxes();
        }

        function checkOverflowBoxes(overflowBoxes, silent) {
            $.each(overflowBoxes || _overflowBoxes, function(i, $container) {
                var containerWidth = $container.width();
                var $target        = getTarget($container);
                var tmpWidth       = 0;
                var children       = $container.data('children');
                var isTargetActive = false;
                var canAddMore     = true;

                $.each(children, function (i, el) {
                    var $el = $(el);
                    var previousNode = $el.data('data-left-node');
                    if(!previousNode) {
                        $container.prepend($el);
                    } else {
                        $el.insertAfter(previousNode);
                    }
                });

                $.each(children, function (i, el) {
                    var $el = $(el);
                    var elWidth = $el.outerWidth(true);
                    if(tmpWidth + elWidth < containerWidth && canAddMore) {
                        tmpWidth += elWidth;
                    } else {
                        if($target) {
                            $target.append($el);
                        } else {
                            $el.remove();
                        }
                        canAddMore = false;
                        isTargetActive = true;
                    }
                });

                $container.toggleClass(_.statusActive, isTargetActive);
                $target.toggleClass(_.statusActive, isTargetActive);
                triggerEvents($container, isTargetActive, silent);
            });
        }


        // scroll triggers 
        // 
        // usage:
        // 
        // <div class="js-scroll-trigger" data-target="body" data-toggle-class="activate-fixed-header">
        // 

        function createScrollTrigger(selector) {
            $(selector).each(function() {
                var $el = $(this);
                
                if(registerAsLoaded($el)) {
                    return
                }

                // move this to a prototype
                $el.on(ns('setStatus'), function(e, newStatus, silent) {
                    var $target   = getTarget($el, 'body');
                    var classData = getToggleClass($el);
                    $target.toggleClass(classData, newStatus);
                    $el.toggleClass(_.statusActive, newStatus);
                    triggerEvents($el, newStatus, silent);
                });

                _scrollTriggers.push($el);
            });

            if(!_info.isListeningScroll && _scrollTriggers.length) {
                $(window).scroll(checkScrollTriggers);
                checkScrollTriggers();
                _info.isListeningScroll = true;
            }
        }

        function checkScrollTriggers() {
            var scroll = $(window).scrollTop();
            $.each(_scrollTriggers, function(i, $scrollTrigger) {
                var currentStatus = $scrollTrigger.hasClass(_.statusActive);
                var elementTopPosition = Math.max($scrollTrigger.offset().top + $scrollTrigger.outerHeight(true), 1);
                var newStatus     =  elementTopPosition < scroll;

                if(currentStatus != newStatus) {
                    $scrollTrigger.trigger(ns('setStatus'), [newStatus, false]);
                }
            });
        }

        function scrollDirectionListener() {
            var currentScroll_ = $(window).scrollTop();
            var lastScroll_ = currentScroll_;

            return throttle(function() {
                // update scroll values
                lastScroll_ = currentScroll_;
                currentScroll_ = $(window).scrollTop();
                // update scroll direction
                scrollDirection_ = lastScroll_ < currentScroll_ ? 'scrollingDown' : 'scrollingUp';

                $('.js-hidden-panel').each(function() {
                    var offset = this.getAttribute('data-offset') || 0;
                    if(currentScroll_ > offset && scrollDirection_ == 'scrollingDown') {
                        $(this).toggleClass('active', true);
                    } else {
                        $(this).toggleClass('active', false);
                    }
                });
            }, 10);

        }

        $(window).scroll(scrollDirectionListener());

        function ns(str) { // event namespace
            return str + _.eventNamespace;
        }

        function bubbleSort(a) {
            var swapped;
            do {
                swapped = false;
                for (var i=0; i < a.length-1; i++) {
                    if (getPriority($(a[i])) > getPriority($(a[i+1]))) {
                        var temp = a[i];
                        a[i] = a[i+1];
                        a[i+1] = temp;
                        swapped = true;
                    }
                }
            } while (swapped);
        }

        // entry point

        $.fn.domi = function (options) {

            // Iterate and reformat each matched element.
            return this.each(function() {

                var $el = $( this );

                createTab($el.find(_.elTab));
                createToggle($el.find(_.elToggle));
                createOverflowBox($el.find(_.elOverflowBox));
                createScrollTrigger($el.find(_.elScrollTrigger));

            });
        }

        $.fn.domi.status = _info;
        $.fn.domi.hub = _hub;

        // run for all the body elements by default
        $(function () {
            $('body').domi();
        });

        // update link on click with query params feature
        var searchParams = window.location.search;
        var slicedSearchParams = searchParams.slice(1); // remove '?'
        $('body').on('click', '.js-update-with-query-param', function() {
            $(this).removeClass('js-update-with-query-param');
            this.search += (!!this.search ? "&" : "") + slicedSearchParams;
        });

        $('body').on('click', '.js-search-submit', function(event) {
            var input = $(this).siblings('.js-search-input');
            var query = input[0].value;
            var isEmpty = !query;

            if(isEmpty) {
                event.preventDefault();
                input.show();
                input.focus();
            }
        });

        $('body').on('click', '.js-keep-reading', function() {
            $this = $(this);
            var expandable = $this.closest('.js-expandable');
            var isExpanded = expandable.hasClass('expanded');
            expandable.toggleClass('expanded');

            var appearOnExpand = expandable.find('.js-appear-on-expand');
            appearOnExpand.each(function(){
                var container = $(this);
                var scriptsToParse = container.find('script[type=keep-reading-content]');
                scriptsToParse.each(function() {
                    $(this).remove();
                    var y = document.createElement('textarea');
                    y.innerHTML = $(this).html();
                    container.html(y.value);
                });
            });

            if($this.hasClass("js-page-view-and-reload-embeds")) {
                $this.trigger("activate");
            }

            var keepReadingAction = "keep_reading." + (isExpanded ? "view_less" : "view_more");
            if(gaTracker) {
                gaTracker.trackAction(keepReadingAction);
            }
        });

        // RUNNER CLIENT EVENTS
        var $RUNNER_ROOT = $(__RUNNER_PUBLIC__.root);

        // common GA tracker object
        var gaTracker;

        function triggerRunnerEvent(eventName, data) {
            $RUNNER_ROOT && $RUNNER_ROOT.trigger(eventName, data);
        }

        function startScrollUrlUpdaters() {
            var bootstrapPosts = {};
            $('body').toggleClass("updating-url-on-scroll", true);
            var trackPageViewTimeout, trackRMPostView;
            var setNewPageUrl = function (url) {
                window.history.replaceState({}, "", url);
            };

            var trackPostModelPageView = function (postModelJSON) {
                gaTracker && gaTracker.trackPostModelPageView(postModelJSON);
                trackRMPostView && trackRMPostView(postModelJSON.id);
                triggerRunnerEvent(__RUNNER_PUBLIC__.events.URL_CHANGE_PAGE_VIEW);
            };

            function prepareUrl( url, data ) {
              var params = $.param( data );
              if ( params.length > 0 ) {

                // url contains a query string
                if ( url.indexOf( '?' ) > -1 ) {
                  // get last char of url
                  var lastChar = url.substr( url.length - 1 );

                  // Append & to the end of url if required
                  if ( lastChar != '&' && lastChar != '?' ) {
                    url += '&';
                  }
                } else {
                  url += '?';
                }

                url += params;
              }
              return url;
            }

            function getQueryAsJSON(blackList) {
                var pairs = location.search.slice(1).split('&');

                blackList = blackList || [];
                var result = {};
                pairs.forEach(function(pair) {
                    pair = pair.split('=');
                    if(pair[0] && blackList.indexOf(pair[0]) < 0){
                        result[pair[0]] = decodeURIComponent(pair[1] || '');
                    }
                });

                return JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(result));
            }

            var paramBlackList = ['rebelltpage', 'page'];
            var queryParams = getQueryAsJSON(paramBlackList);

            var handleInView = debounce(function(event) {

                $(".js-update-url").each(function() {
                    var $this = $(this),
                        postId = $this.attr("data-elid"),
                        roarAuthors = $this.attr("data-authors"),
                        postModelJSON = bootstrapPosts[postId];

                    if (!postModelJSON.headline) {
                        postModelJSON.headline = $this.attr("data-headline");
                    }
                    if (!postModelJSON.roar_authors) {
                        postModelJSON.roar_authors = $this.attr("data-authors");
                    }

                    if(elementInViewport(this)){
                        // handle case when this feature is inside an slide
                        var parentSlides = $this.data('parentSlides') || $this.data('parentSlides', $this.parents('.slick-slide'));
                        if(parentSlides.length){
                            var isActive = parentSlides.hasClass('slick-active');
                            if(!isActive) {
                                return;
                            }
                        }

                        var url = postModelJSON.post_url.split("?")[0],
                            pageUrl = location.origin + location.pathname;

                        if(url) {
                            if (location.protocol.indexOf('https') > -1) {
                                url = url.replace('http://', 'https://');
                            }
                            if (pageUrl !== url) {
                                url = prepareUrl(url, queryParams);
                                setNewPageUrl(url);
                                clearTimeout(trackPageViewTimeout);
                                postModelJSON.formatted_url = url;
                                trackPageViewTimeout = setTimeout( trackPostModelPageView, 1500, postModelJSON);
                            }
                            return false;
                        }
                    }
                })
            }, 10);

            rblms.require(['core/event_dispatcher', 'bootstrap'], function(eventDispatcher, Bootstrap) {
                var parsePostsBySource = function (data) {
                    if (data.post) {
                        bootstrapPosts[data.post.id] = data.post;
                    }
                    var postsBySource = data.posts_by_source;
                    $.each(postsBySource, function (key, value) {
                        $.each(value, function (index, post) {
                            bootstrapPosts[post.id] = bootstrapPosts[post.id] || post;
                        });
                    });
                    return bootstrapPosts;
                };

                parsePostsBySource(Bootstrap);

                eventDispatcher.on('load-more:sync', handleMorePostsLoaded);
                eventDispatcher.on('listicle:page_view', handleListicleSwitchPage);

                function handleMorePostsLoaded(response) {
                    $('body').domi();
                    loadSectionLoaders();
                    parsePostsBySource(response);
                    checkRunnerLazyLoadedItems();
                }

                function handleListicleSwitchPage(response) {
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                                        <div class="animated-background">\
                                            <div class="background-masker avatar"></div>\
                                            <div class="background-masker header-top"></div>\
                                            <div class="background-masker header-left"></div>\
                                            <div class="background-masker header-right"></div>\
                                            <div class="background-masker header-bottom"></div>\
                                            <div class="background-masker subheader-left"></div>\
                                            <div class="background-masker subheader-right"></div>\
                                            <div class="background-masker subheader-bottom"></div>\
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                                    cssEase: 'ease-out',
                                    slidesToShow : 1,
                                    slidesToScroll : 1,
                                    adaptiveHeight: false,
                                    autoplay : false,
                                    prevArrow : '',
                                    nextArrow : '',
                                    draggable: false,
                                    arrows: false
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                                var slideCount = 1;
                                var $widget = $el.closest('.widget');
                                $el.css({'marginBottom': $widget.css('marginBottom')});

                                $el.on( "click", '.js-load-brick-on-click', function(e) {
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                                    $el.slick('slickNext');
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                                $el.on( "click", '.js-load-brick-on-click a', function(e) {
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                                // remove slick on element reorder
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                                    console.log("started loading");
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                                        var moreContentAvailable = false;
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                                        // no more posts !
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                                            $el.slick('slickPrev');
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                                                $el.slick('slickGoTo', slideCount-1);
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                                            // track no more post from Slide into GA
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                                            return
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                                        // stop loading state
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                                        resetPlaceholderSize();
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        }

        if(!$('body').hasClass('js-app-init')) {
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