<!DOCTYPE html><html xmlns:cc="http://creativecommons.org/ns#"><head prefix="og: http://ogp.me/ns# fb: http://ogp.me/ns/fb# medium-com: http://ogp.me/ns/fb/medium-com#"><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"><title>Hurricane Harvey and the Failure of the Free Market</title><link rel="canonical" href="https://civicskunk.works/hurricane-harvey-and-the-failure-of-the-free-market-4a9f89c3967"><meta name="title" content="Hurricane Harvey and the Failure of the Free Market"><meta name="referrer" content="unsafe-url"><meta name="description" content="Two days ago, libertarian-leaning Forbes blogger Tim Worstall published a post titled “Hurricane Harvey Is When We Need Price Gouging, Not Laws Against It.” I would link to the story, but Forbes…"><meta name="theme-color" content="#000000"><meta property="og:title" content="Hurricane Harvey and the Failure of the Free Market"><meta property="og:url" content="https://civicskunk.works/hurricane-harvey-and-the-failure-of-the-free-market-4a9f89c3967"><meta property="og:image" content="https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/1200/1*MPJaj1hm26mRw81B_V7ZRA.png"><meta property="fb:app_id" content="542599432471018"><meta property="og:description" content="When you argue that selling $99 cases of bottled water in a disaster area is a good thing, you need to reinvestigate your humanity."><meta name="twitter:description" content="When you argue that selling $99 cases of bottled water in a disaster area is a good thing, you need to reinvestigate your humanity."><meta name="twitter:image:src" content="https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/1200/1*MPJaj1hm26mRw81B_V7ZRA.png"><link rel="publisher" href="https://plus.google.com/103654360130207659246"><link rel="author" href="https://civicskunk.works/@paulconstant"><meta property="author" content="Paul Constant"><meta property="og:type" content="article"><meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image"><meta property="article:publisher" content="https://www.facebook.com/CivicSkunkWorks"><meta property="article:author" content="https://civicskunk.works/@paulconstant"><meta name="robots" content="index, follow"><meta property="article:published_time" content="2017-08-29T21:39:30.437Z"><meta name="twitter:creator" content="@paulconstant"><meta name="twitter:site" content="@civicskunkworks"><meta property="og:site_name" content="Civic Skunk Works"><meta name="twitter:label1" value="Reading time"><meta name="twitter:data1" value="4 min read"><meta name="twitter:app:name:iphone" content="Medium"><meta name="twitter:app:id:iphone" content="828256236"><meta name="twitter:app:url:iphone" content="medium://p/4a9f89c3967"><meta property="al:ios:app_name" content="Medium"><meta property="al:ios:app_store_id" content="828256236"><meta property="al:android:package" content="com.medium.reader"><meta property="al:android:app_name" content="Medium"><meta property="al:ios:url" content="medium://p/4a9f89c3967"><meta property="al:android:url" content="medium://p/4a9f89c3967"><meta property="al:web:url" content="https://civicskunk.works/hurricane-harvey-and-the-failure-of-the-free-market-4a9f89c3967"><link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" title="Medium" href="/osd.xml" /><link rel="alternate" href="android-app://com.medium.reader/https/medium.com/p/4a9f89c3967" /><script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","width":951,"height":670,"url":"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/1902/1*MPJaj1hm26mRw81B_V7ZRA.png"},"datePublished":"2017-08-29T21:39:30.437Z","dateModified":"2018-01-17T07:00:17.662Z","headline":"Hurricane Harvey and the Failure of the Free Market","name":"Hurricane Harvey and the Failure of the Free Market","keywords":["Economics","Hurricane Harvey","Politics","Supply And Demand","Free Market"],"author":{"@type":"Person","name":"Paul Constant","url":"https://civicskunk.works/@paulconstant"},"creator":["Paul Constant"],"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Civic Skunk Works","url":"https://civicskunk.works","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","width":500,"height":60,"url":"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/1000/1*gzteNMm9n8vOOT5cljSZuQ.jpeg"}},"mainEntityOfPage":"https://civicskunk.works/hurricane-harvey-and-the-failure-of-the-free-market-4a9f89c3967"}</script><link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdn-static-1.medium.com/_/fp/css/main-branding-base.JJK6HvzwD6aPPTmAOMcmoQ.css"><script>if (window.top !== window.self) window.top.location = window.self.location.href;var OB_startTime = new Date().getTime(); var OB_loadErrors = []; function _onerror(e) { OB_loadErrors.push(e) }; if (document.addEventListener) document.addEventListener("error", _onerror, true); else if (document.attachEvent) document.attachEvent("onerror", _onerror); function _asyncScript(u) {var d = document, f = d.getElementsByTagName("script")[0], s = d.createElement("script"); s.type = "text/javascript"; s.async = true; s.src = u; f.parentNode.insertBefore(s, f);}function _asyncStyles(u) {var d = document, f = d.getElementsByTagName("script")[0], s = d.createElement("link"); s.rel = "stylesheet"; s.href = u; f.parentNode.insertBefore(s, f); return s}(new Image()).src = "/_/stat?event=pixel.load&origin=" + encodeURIComponent(location.origin);</script><script>window.ga=window.ga||function(){(ga.q=ga.q||[]).push(arguments)};ga.l=+new Date; ga("create", "UA-24232453-2", "auto", {"allowLinker": true, "legacyCookieDomain": window.location.hostname}); ga("send", "pageview");</script><script async src="https://www.google-analytics.com/analytics.js"></script><script>(function () {var height = window.innerHeight || document.documentElement.clientHeight || document.body.clientHeight; var width = window.innerWidth || document.documentElement.clientWidth || document.body.clientWidth; document.write("<style>section.section-image--fullBleed.is-backgrounded {padding-top: " + Math.round(1.1 * height) + "px;}section.section-image--fullScreen.is-backgrounded, section.section-image--coverFade.is-backgrounded {min-height: " + height + "px; padding-top: " + Math.round(0.5 * height) + "px;}.u-sizeViewHeight100 {height: " + height + "px !important;}.u-sizeViewHeight110 {height: " + Math.round(1.1 * height) + "px !important;}.u-sizeViewHeightMin100 {min-height: " + height + "px !important;}.u-sizeViewHeightMax100 {max-height: " + height + "px !important;}section.section-image--coverFade {height: " + height + "px;}.section-aspectRatioViewportPlaceholder, .section-aspectRatioViewportCropPlaceholder {max-height: " + height + "px;}.section-aspectRatioViewportBottomSpacer, .section-aspectRatioViewportBottomPlaceholder {max-height: " + Math.round(0.5 * height) + "px;}.zoomable:before {top: " + (-1 * height) + "px; left: " + (-1 * width) + "px; padding: " + height + "px " + width + "px;}</style>");})()</script><!--[if lt IE 9]><script charset="UTF-8" src="https://cdn-static-1.medium.com/_/fp/js/shiv.RI2ePTZ5gFmMgLzG5bEVAA.js"></script><![endif]--><link rel="icon" href="https://cdn-static-1.medium.com/_/fp/icons/favicon-rebrand-medium.3Y6xpZ-0FSdWDnPM3hSBIA.ico" class="js-favicon"><link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="152x152" href="https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/fit/c/304/304/1*2SAJmer4BBrGDIHNPCXDWA.png"><link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="120x120" href="https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/fit/c/240/240/1*2SAJmer4BBrGDIHNPCXDWA.png"><link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="76x76" href="https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/fit/c/152/152/1*2SAJmer4BBrGDIHNPCXDWA.png"><link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="60x60" href="https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/fit/c/120/120/1*2SAJmer4BBrGDIHNPCXDWA.png"><link rel="mask-icon" href="https://cdn-static-1.medium.com/_/fp/icons/monogram-mask.KPLCSFEZviQN0jQ7veN2RQ.svg" color="#171717"></head><body itemscope class=" postShowScreen v-glyph v-glyph--m2 v-enableBrandingButtons is-noJs"><script>document.body.className = document.body.className.replace(/(^|\s)is-noJs(\s|$)/, "$1is-js$2")</script><div class="site-main" id="container"><div class="butterBar butterBar--error"></div><div class="surface"><div id="prerendered" class="screenContent"><canvas class="canvas-renderer"></canvas><div class="container u-maxWidth740 u-xs-margin0 notesPositionContainer js-notesPositionContainer"></div><div class="metabar u-clearfix js-metabar u-fixed u-backgroundTransparentWhiteDarkest u-xs-sizeFullViewportWidth"><div class="js-metabarMiddle metabar-inner u-marginAuto u-maxWidth1000 u-flexCenter u-justifyContentSpaceBetween u-height65 u-xs-height56 u-paddingLeft20 u-paddingRight20"><div class="metabar-block u-flex1  u-flexCenter"><div class="js-metabarLogoLeft"><a href="https://medium.com/" data-log-event="home" class="siteNav-logo u-flexCenter u-paddingTop0"><span class="svgIcon svgIcon--logoMonogram svgIcon--45px is-flushLeft u-textColorDarker"><svg class="svgIcon-use" width="45" height="45" viewBox="0 0 45 45" ><path d="M5 40V5h35v35H5zm8.56-12.627c0 .555-.027.687-.318 1.03l-2.457 2.985v.396h6.974v-.396l-2.456-2.985c-.291-.343-.344-.502-.344-1.03V18.42l6.127 13.364h.714l5.256-13.364v10.644c0 .29 0 .342-.185.528l-1.848 1.796v.396h9.19v-.396l-1.822-1.796c-.184-.186-.21-.238-.21-.528V15.937c0-.291.026-.344.21-.528l1.823-1.797v-.396h-6.471l-4.622 11.542-5.203-11.542h-6.79v.396l2.14 2.64c.239.292.291.37.291.768v10.353z"/></svg></span><span class="u-textScreenReader">Homepage</span></a></div><div class="u-alignMiddle u-inlineBlock u-verticalAlignTop u-height65 u-xs-height56"><div class="u-alignBlock"><span class="u-inlineBlock u-height28 u-xs-height24 u-verticalAlignTop u-marginRight20 u-marginLeft15 u-borderRightLighter"></span></div></div><div class="u-alignMiddle u-inlineBlock u-verticalAlignTop u-height65 u-xs-height56 u-marginRight18"><div class="u-alignBlock"><a class="js-collectionLogoOrName" href="https://civicskunk.works?source=logo-lo_DAOln8qLGmAu---cee6d3abe166"><img height="36" width="300" class="u-paddingTop5" src="https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/letterbox/600/72/50/50/1*gzteNMm9n8vOOT5cljSZuQ.jpeg?source=logoAvatar-lo_DAOln8qLGmAu---cee6d3abe166" alt="Civic Skunk Works" /></a></div></div><div class="u-alignMiddle u-inlineBlock u-verticalAlignTop u-height65 u-xs-height56 u-xs-hide"><div class="u-alignBlock"><div class="buttonSet"><button class="button button--primary button--smallest u-noUserSelect button--withChrome u-accentColor--buttonNormal js-relationshipButton is-smallPill"  data-action="sign-up-prompt" data-sign-in-action="toggle-follow-collection" data-requires-token="true" data-redirect="https://medium.com/_/subscribe/collection/civic-skunk-works" data-action-source="----cee6d3abe166----------------------follow_header" data-collection-id="cee6d3abe166"><span class="button-label  js-buttonLabel">Follow</span></button><a class="button button--chromeless is-touchIconBlackPulse u-baseColor--buttonNormal button--withIcon button--withSvgIcon"   href="https://twitter.com/civicskunkworks" title="Visit “Civic Skunk Works” on Twitter" aria-label="Visit “Civic Skunk Works” on Twitter" rel="me" target="_blank"><span class="button-defaultState"><span class="svgIcon svgIcon--twitterFilled svgIcon--25px"><svg class="svgIcon-use" width="25" height="25" viewBox="0 0 25 25" ><path d="M21.725 5.338c-.744.47-1.605.804-2.513 1.006a3.978 3.978 0 0 0-2.942-1.293c-2.22 0-4.02 1.81-4.02 4.02 0 .32.034.63.07.94-3.31-.18-6.27-1.78-8.255-4.23a4.544 4.544 0 0 0-.574 2.01c.04 1.43.74 2.66 1.8 3.38-.63-.01-1.25-.19-1.79-.5v.08c0 1.93 1.38 3.56 3.23 3.95-.34.07-.7.12-1.07.14-.25-.02-.5-.04-.72-.07.49 1.58 1.97 2.74 3.74 2.8a8.49 8.49 0 0 1-5.02 1.72c-.3-.03-.62-.04-.93-.07A11.447 11.447 0 0 0 8.88 21c7.386 0 11.43-6.13 11.414-11.414.015-.21.01-.38 0-.578a7.604 7.604 0 0 0 2.01-2.08 7.27 7.27 0 0 1-2.297.645 3.856 3.856 0 0 0 1.72-2.23"/></svg></span></span></a><a class="button button--chromeless is-touchIconBlackPulse u-baseColor--buttonNormal button--withIcon button--withSvgIcon u-paddingLeft0"   href="//facebook.com/CivicSkunkWorks" title="Visit “Civic Skunk Works” on Facebook" aria-label="Visit “Civic Skunk Works” on Facebook" rel="me" target="_blank"><span class="button-defaultState"><span class="svgIcon svgIcon--facebookFilled svgIcon--25px"><svg class="svgIcon-use" width="25" height="25" viewBox="0 0 25 25" ><path d="M21 12.646C21 7.65 16.97 3.6 12 3.6s-9 4.05-9 9.046a9.026 9.026 0 0 0 7.59 8.924v-6.376H8.395V12.64h2.193v-1.88c0-2.186 1.328-3.375 3.267-3.375.93 0 1.728.07 1.96.1V9.77H14.47c-1.055 0-1.26.503-1.26 1.242v1.63h2.517l-.33 2.554H13.21V21.6c4.398-.597 7.79-4.373 7.79-8.954"/></svg></span></span></a></div></div></div></div><div class="metabar-block u-flex0 u-flexCenter"><div class="u-alignMiddle u-inlineBlock u-verticalAlignTop u-height65 u-xs-height56"><div class="u-alignBlock"><div class="buttonSet buttonSet--wide u-lineHeightInherit"><a class="button button--primary button--chromeless u-accentColor--buttonNormal is-inSiteNavBar u-xs-hide js-signInButton"   href="https://medium.com/m/signin?redirect=https%3A%2F%2Fcivicskunk.works%2Fhurricane-harvey-and-the-failure-of-the-free-market-4a9f89c3967&amp;source=--------------------------nav_reg&amp;operation=login" data-action="sign-in-prompt" data-redirect="https://civicskunk.works/hurricane-harvey-and-the-failure-of-the-free-market-4a9f89c3967" data-action-source="--------------------------nav_reg">Sign in</a><a class="button button--primary button--withChrome u-accentColor--buttonNormal is-inSiteNavBar js-signUpButton"   href="https://medium.com/m/signin?redirect=https%3A%2F%2Fcivicskunk.works%2Fhurricane-harvey-and-the-failure-of-the-free-market-4a9f89c3967&amp;source=--------------------------nav_reg&amp;operation=register" data-action="sign-up-prompt" data-redirect="https://civicskunk.works/hurricane-harvey-and-the-failure-of-the-free-market-4a9f89c3967" data-action-source="--------------------------nav_reg">Get started</a></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="metabar metabar--spacer js-metabarSpacer u-height65 u-xs-height56"></div><main role="main"><article class=" u-minHeight100vhOffset65 u-overflowHidden postArticle postArticle--full is-withAccentColors u-marginBottom40"  lang="en"><header class="container u-maxWidth740"><div class="uiScale uiScale-ui--regular uiScale-caption--regular postMetaHeader u-paddingBottom10 row"><div class="col u-size12of12 js-postMetaLockup"><div class="uiScale uiScale-ui--regular uiScale-caption--regular postMetaLockup postMetaLockup--authorWithBio u-flexCenter js-postMetaLockup"><div class="u-flex0"><a class="link u-baseColor--link avatar"   href="https://civicskunk.works/@paulconstant?source=post_header_lockup" data-action="show-user-card" data-action-source="post_header_lockup" data-action-value="5787c4eaaaa9" data-action-type="hover" data-user-id="5787c4eaaaa9" data-collection-slug="civic-skunk-works" dir="auto"><img  src="https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/fit/c/120/120/1*0zVCWsigjLr5tasnuFpdFg.jpeg" class="avatar-image avatar-image--small" alt="Go to the profile of Paul Constant"></a></div><div class="u-flex1 u-paddingLeft15 u-overflowHidden"><div class="u-lineHeightTightest"><a class="ds-link ds-link--styleSubtle ui-captionStrong u-inlineBlock link link--darken link--darker"   href="https://civicskunk.works/@paulconstant?source=post_header_lockup" data-action="show-user-card" data-action-source="post_header_lockup" data-action-value="5787c4eaaaa9" data-action-type="hover" data-user-id="5787c4eaaaa9" data-collection-slug="civic-skunk-works" dir="auto">Paul Constant</a><span class="followState js-followState" data-user-id="5787c4eaaaa9"><button class="button button--smallest u-noUserSelect button--withChrome u-baseColor--buttonNormal button--withHover button--unblock js-unblockButton u-marginLeft10 u-xs-hide"  data-action="sign-up-prompt" data-sign-in-action="toggle-block-user" data-requires-token="true" data-redirect="https://civicskunk.works/hurricane-harvey-and-the-failure-of-the-free-market-4a9f89c3967" data-action-source="post_header_lockup"><span class="button-label  button-defaultState">Blocked</span><span class="button-label button-hoverState">Unblock</span></button><button class="button button--primary button--smallest u-noUserSelect button--withChrome u-accentColor--buttonNormal button--follow js-followButton u-marginLeft10 u-xs-hide"  data-action="sign-up-prompt" data-sign-in-action="toggle-subscribe-user" data-requires-token="true" data-redirect="https://medium.com/_/subscribe/user/5787c4eaaaa9" data-action-source="post_header_lockup-5787c4eaaaa9-------------------------follow_byline"><span class="button-label  button-defaultState js-buttonLabel">Follow</span><span class="button-label button-activeState">Following</span></button></span></div><div class="ui-caption ui-xs-clamp2 postMetaInline">Political writer at Civic Ventures. Co-founder of the Seattle Review of Books.</div><div class="ui-caption postMetaInline js-testPostMetaInlineSupplemental"><time datetime="2017-08-29T21:39:30.437Z">Aug 29, 2017</time><span class="middotDivider u-fontSize12"></span><span class="readingTime" title="4 min read"></span></div></div></div></div></div></header><div class="postArticle-content js-postField js-notesSource js-trackedPost"  data-post-id="4a9f89c3967" data-source="post_page" data-collection-id="cee6d3abe166" data-tracking-context="postPage"><section name="5fe7" class="section section--body section--first"><div class="section-divider"><hr class="section-divider"></div><div class="section-content"><div class="section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn"><figure name="171e" id="171e" class="graf graf--figure graf--leading"><div class="aspectRatioPlaceholder is-locked" style="max-width: 700px; max-height: 493px;"><div class="aspectRatioPlaceholder-fill" style="padding-bottom: 70.5%;"></div><img class="graf-image" data-image-id="1*MPJaj1hm26mRw81B_V7ZRA.png" data-width="951" data-height="670" data-action="zoom" data-action-value="1*MPJaj1hm26mRw81B_V7ZRA.png" src="https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/max/1600/1*MPJaj1hm26mRw81B_V7ZRA.png"></div><figcaption class="imageCaption"><a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2017/08/28/us/donate-harvey-charities-scams.html?mcubz=0" data-href="https://www.nytimes.com/2017/08/28/us/donate-harvey-charities-scams.html?mcubz=0" class="markup--anchor markup--figure-anchor" rel="noopener" target="_blank">Please donate to victims of Hurricane Harvey.</a></figcaption></figure><h1 name="ead9" id="ead9" class="graf graf--h3 graf-after--figure graf--title">Hurricane Harvey and the Failure of the Free Market</h1><h2 name="42a1" id="42a1" class="graf graf--h4 graf-after--h3 graf--subtitle">When you argue that selling $99 cases of bottled water in a disaster area is a good thing, you need to reinvestigate your humanity.</h2><p name="2d6e" id="2d6e" class="graf graf--p graf-after--h4">Two days ago, libertarian-leaning <em class="markup--em markup--p-em">Forbes</em> blogger Tim Worstall published a post titled “Hurricane Harvey Is When We Need Price Gouging, Not Laws Against It.” I would link to the story, but <em class="markup--em markup--p-em">Forbes</em> seems to have pulled it after the post received tremendous blowback from people who were outraged by Worstall’s pro-price-gauging post.</p><p name="ff72" id="ff72" class="graf graf--p graf-after--p">Luckily, because mistakes live forever on the internet, <a href="https://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache%3AVVRXfy0RvlUJ%3Ahttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.forbes.com%2Fsites%2Ftimworstall%2F2017%2F08%2F27%2Fhurricane-harvey-is-when-we-need-price-gouging-not-laws-against-it%2F+&amp;cd=1&amp;hl=en&amp;ct=clnk&amp;gl=us" data-href="https://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache%3AVVRXfy0RvlUJ%3Ahttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.forbes.com%2Fsites%2Ftimworstall%2F2017%2F08%2F27%2Fhurricane-harvey-is-when-we-need-price-gouging-not-laws-against-it%2F+&amp;cd=1&amp;hl=en&amp;ct=clnk&amp;gl=us" class="markup--anchor markup--p-anchor" rel="noopener" target="_blank">you can read a cache of the article</a>. Worstall explains why he thinks businesses should be able to raise prices on goods and services when disaster strikes. He suggests that when prices go up during a disaster, the people who need the goods and services the most will get them because they’ll be most willing to pay the inflated prices. And the high prices will encourage others to deliver goods and services to the region in the most efficient manner possible, so they can get a cut of those giant profits. He writes:</p><blockquote name="6c9a" id="6c9a" class="graf graf--blockquote graf-after--p">Floods could, for example, knock out the municipal water supply, leaving people needing bottled water. So relative to the available supply demand has risen. We now need some method of rationing that limited and scarce supply over that increased demand. Rationing by price is always the efficient way of doing this.</blockquote><p name="6ce3" id="6ce3" class="graf graf--p graf-after--blockquote">So these images of a Houston Best Buy selling water for exorbitant sums of money is the kind of “efficient” solution Worstall believes the market provides during a disaster:</p><figure name="b8da" id="b8da" class="graf graf--figure graf--iframe graf-after--p"><div class="aspectRatioPlaceholder is-locked"><div class="aspectRatioPlaceholder-fill" style="padding-bottom: 37%;"></div><div class="iframeContainer"><IFRAME data-width="500" data-height="185" width="500" height="185" src="/media/64500896af6a950062fd3a9bae8ca37a?postId=4a9f89c3967" data-media-id="64500896af6a950062fd3a9bae8ca37a" data-thumbnail="https://i.embed.ly/1/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fpbs.twimg.com%2Fmedia%2FDIa0OE0UMAAdVS8.jpg%3Alarge&amp;key=a19fcc184b9711e1b4764040d3dc5c07" allowfullscreen frameborder="0"></IFRAME></div></div></figure><p name="b5ed" id="b5ed" class="graf graf--p graf-after--figure">What Worstall <em class="markup--em markup--p-em">doesn’t</em> address, though, is what happens when someone simply can’t afford that high price of bottled water? Our old friend Invictus asked Worstall just that question on Twitter:</p><figure name="0179" id="0179" class="graf graf--figure graf--iframe graf-after--p"><div class="aspectRatioPlaceholder is-locked"><div class="aspectRatioPlaceholder-fill" style="padding-bottom: 37%;"></div><div class="iframeContainer"><IFRAME data-width="500" data-height="185" width="500" height="185" src="/media/796a99119060925887289ae2f397aae7?postId=4a9f89c3967" data-media-id="796a99119060925887289ae2f397aae7" data-thumbnail="https://i.embed.ly/1/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fpbs.twimg.com%2Fprofile_images%2F868987274662297600%2F8MbgeOtV_400x400.jpg&amp;key=a19fcc184b9711e1b4764040d3dc5c07" allowfullscreen frameborder="0"></IFRAME></div></div></figure><p name="b189" id="b189" class="graf graf--p graf-after--figure">Invictus repeatedly asked Worstall the question, and Worstall tried mightily to parse his way out of it. At one point, he claimed that “We’re not arguing about whether supplies should be provided. We’re arguing about how.” Finally, the <em class="markup--em markup--p-em">Forbes</em> blogger refused to respond:</p><figure name="032d" id="032d" class="graf graf--figure graf--iframe graf-after--p"><div class="aspectRatioPlaceholder is-locked"><div class="aspectRatioPlaceholder-fill" style="padding-bottom: 37%;"></div><div class="iframeContainer"><IFRAME data-width="500" data-height="185" width="500" height="185" src="/media/4b49e5da83d8d957ee0a2c6761746b52?postId=4a9f89c3967" data-media-id="4b49e5da83d8d957ee0a2c6761746b52" data-thumbnail="https://i.embed.ly/1/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fpbs.twimg.com%2Fprofile_images%2F1160918432%2Ftimworstall-cut_Resized_400x400.JPG&amp;key=a19fcc184b9711e1b4764040d3dc5c07" allowfullscreen frameborder="0"></IFRAME></div></div></figure><p name="dad4" id="dad4" class="graf graf--p graf-after--figure">In other words, Worstall prefers his arguments to remain academic. This is how libertarians and trickle-downers like their economics: without any real-world consequences. If they keep the situation broadly rhetorical and they refuse to address the real-world consequences of their policies, they can continue to ‘win’ arguments using trickery and pedantry.</p><p name="e1e4" id="e1e4" class="graf graf--p graf-after--p">But here’s the thing: People on the ground in Houston are right now living in the academic thought experiment that Worstall and others are bloviating on about. <a href="https://www.cnbc.com/2017/08/28/price-gouging-during-hurricane-harvey-up-to-99-for-a-case-of-water-texas-ag-says.html" data-href="https://www.cnbc.com/2017/08/28/price-gouging-during-hurricane-harvey-up-to-99-for-a-case-of-water-texas-ag-says.html" class="markup--anchor markup--p-anchor" rel="noopener" target="_blank">Prices are being gouged on food and water and gas</a>:</p><figure name="1cd3" id="1cd3" class="graf graf--figure graf--iframe graf-after--p"><div class="aspectRatioPlaceholder is-locked"><div class="aspectRatioPlaceholder-fill" style="padding-bottom: 37%;"></div><div class="iframeContainer"><IFRAME data-width="500" data-height="185" width="500" height="185" src="/media/52c5136be67ee4cab6a9226ac67bc263?postId=4a9f89c3967" data-media-id="52c5136be67ee4cab6a9226ac67bc263" data-thumbnail="https://i.embed.ly/1/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fpbs.twimg.com%2Fmedia%2FDIVawy3UEAAVItX.jpg%3Alarge&amp;key=a19fcc184b9711e1b4764040d3dc5c07" allowfullscreen frameborder="0"></IFRAME></div></div></figure><p name="ffad" id="ffad" class="graf graf--p graf-after--figure">And not everyone can afford those prices. What would Worstall have hungry and thirsty poor people do? He refuses to say.</p><p name="af49" id="af49" class="graf graf--p graf-after--p">So let’s consider the real-world options that people are left with in Houston right now:</p><ol class="postList"><li name="af9e" id="af9e" class="graf graf--li graf-after--p">They can find help. (I’d advise them to <a href="https://twitter.com/MuslimIQ/status/902271410193793024?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw&amp;ref_url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.huffingtonpost.com%2Fentry%2Fjoel-osteen-lakewood-church-hurricane-harvey_us_59a45aa4e4b0821444c513d8" data-href="https://twitter.com/MuslimIQ/status/902271410193793024?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw&amp;ref_url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.huffingtonpost.com%2Fentry%2Fjoel-osteen-lakewood-church-hurricane-harvey_us_59a45aa4e4b0821444c513d8" class="markup--anchor markup--li-anchor" rel="noopener" target="_blank">look to their local mosques and not wealthy Houston evangelist Joel Osteen</a> for assistance, though Osteen was eventually shamed into opening his megachurch to hurricane refugees.) But the system is overwhelmed right now, which means help might not be available. In that situation…</li><li name="743c" id="743c" class="graf graf--li graf-after--li">They can muster enough money to pay for the essentials. (Water is reportedly going for as much as $99 a case.) But <a href="http://urbanedge.blogs.rice.edu/2016/11/14/these-charts-show-how-povertys-startling-spread-across-houston/#.WaXWMhOPLsE" data-href="http://urbanedge.blogs.rice.edu/2016/11/14/these-charts-show-how-povertys-startling-spread-across-houston/#.WaXWMhOPLsE" class="markup--anchor markup--li-anchor" rel="noopener" target="_blank">poverty is on the rise in Houston</a>, and some might not be able to gather that kind of cash. So this means that…</li><li name="f039" id="f039" class="graf graf--li graf-after--li">They can take the law into their own hands and loot local businesses. But if they’re too weak and/or infirm to do that, or if they don’t want to get killed by law enforcement or by an armed store owner over a bottle of water…</li><li name="4ee7" id="4ee7" class="graf graf--li graf-after--li">They can die of thirst.</li></ol><p name="b27f" id="b27f" class="graf graf--p graf-after--li">These are the options. This is a life-or-death situation, and the free market simply can’t provide solutions for everyone. (As I’ve argued in the past, <a href="https://civicskunk.works/the-free-market-doesnt-care-if-you-live-or-die-fbcdbde3deb6" data-href="https://civicskunk.works/the-free-market-doesnt-care-if-you-live-or-die-fbcdbde3deb6" class="markup--anchor markup--p-anchor" target="_blank">the free market doesn’t care if you live or die</a>.)</p><p name="260d" id="260d" class="graf graf--p graf-after--p">But trickle-down pundits like Tim Worstall have devoted their lives to arguing that the free market is a godlike, omniscient force that always provides the best outcomes. So rather than revise their arguments, or acknowledge that sometimes the free market fails, they simply plug their fingers in their ears and ignore the suffering of their fellow human beings.</p><p name="87ab" id="87ab" class="graf graf--p graf-after--p graf--trailing">Even in cases like this—when tens of thousands of Americans are rising to the occasion and helping their fellow citizens because they know it is the right thing to do—zealots like Worstall simply can’t refute the profit motive. And yet they also refuse to accept the inhumanity of their own arguments. So they have to do what hundreds of thousands of Texans are doing right now: they hunker down in the dark and wait for the storm to pass.</p></div></div></section><section name="ebef" class="section section--body section--last"><div class="section-divider"><hr class="section-divider"></div><div class="section-content"><div class="section-inner sectionLayout--insetColumn"><p name="380f" id="380f" class="graf graf--p graf--leading graf--trailing"><em class="markup--em markup--p-em">(If you can, </em><a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2017/08/28/us/donate-harvey-charities-scams.html?mcubz=0" data-href="https://www.nytimes.com/2017/08/28/us/donate-harvey-charities-scams.html?mcubz=0" class="markup--anchor markup--p-anchor" rel="noopener" target="_blank"><em class="markup--em markup--p-em">please donate to the victims of Hurricane Harvey</em></a><em class="markup--em markup--p-em">.)</em></p></div></div></section></div><footer class="u-paddingTop10"><div class="container u-maxWidth740"><div class="row"><div class="col u-size12of12"><div class="postMetaInline postMetaInline--acknowledgments u-paddingTop5 u-paddingBottom20 js-postMetaAcknowledgments"><span data-tooltip="The following people helped the author by providing feedback before the story was published.">Thanks to</span> <span><a class="link u-baseColor--link"   href="https://medium.com/@Nick_Cassella?source=post_page" data-action="show-user-card" data-action-source="post_page" data-action-value="80158fce0eeb" data-action-type="hover" data-user-id="80158fce0eeb" dir="auto">Nick Cassella</a></span>. </div></div></div><div class="row"><div class="col u-size12of12 js-postTags"><div class="u-paddingBottom10"><ul class="tags tags--postTags tags--borderless"><li><a class="link u-baseColor--link"   href="https://civicskunk.works/tagged/economics?source=post" data-action-source="post" data-collection-slug="civic-skunk-works">Economics</a></li><li><a class="link u-baseColor--link"   href="https://civicskunk.works/tagged/hurricane-harvey?source=post" data-action-source="post" data-collection-slug="civic-skunk-works">Hurricane Harvey</a></li><li><a class="link u-baseColor--link"   href="https://civicskunk.works/tagged/politics?source=post" data-action-source="post" data-collection-slug="civic-skunk-works">Politics</a></li><li><a class="link u-baseColor--link"   href="https://civicskunk.works/tagged/supply-and-demand?source=post" data-action-source="post" data-collection-slug="civic-skunk-works">Supply And Demand</a></li><li><a class="link u-baseColor--link"   href="https://civicskunk.works/tagged/free-market?source=post" data-action-source="post" data-collection-slug="civic-skunk-works">Free Market</a></li></ul></div></div></div><section class="uiScale uiScale-ui--small uiScale-caption--regular u-borderTopLightest u-marginTop10 u-paddingTop20"><div class="ui-h3 u-textColorDarker u-fontSize22">One clap, two clap, three clap, forty?</div><p class="ui-body u-marginBottom20 u-textColorDark u-fontSize16">By clapping more or less, you can signal to us which stories really stand out.</p></section><div class="postActions js-postActionsFooter"><div class="u-flexCenter"><div class="u-flex1"><div class="multirecommend js-actionMultirecommend u-flexCenter u-width60" data-post-id="4a9f89c3967" data-is-icon-29px="true" data-is-circle="true" data-has-recommend-list="true" data-source="post_actions_footer-----4a9f89c3967---------------------clap_footer"><div class="u-relative u-foreground"><button class="button button--large button--circle button--withChrome u-baseColor--buttonNormal button--withIcon button--withSvgIcon clapButton js-actionMultirecommendButton clapButton--largePill u-relative u-foreground u-xs-paddingLeft13 u-width60 u-height60 u-accentColor--textNormal u-accentColor--buttonNormal clap-onboardingcollection"  data-action="sign-up-prompt" data-sign-in-action="multivote" data-requires-token="true" data-redirect="https://medium.com/_/vote/p/4a9f89c3967" data-action-source="post_actions_footer-----4a9f89c3967---------------------clap_footer" aria-label="Clap"><span class="button-defaultState"><span class="svgIcon svgIcon--clap svgIcon--33px u-relative u-topNegative2 u-xs-top0"><svg class="svgIcon-use" width="33" height="33" viewBox="0 0 33 33" ><path d="M28.86 17.342l-3.64-6.402c-.292-.433-.712-.729-1.163-.8a1.124 1.124 0 0 0-.889.213c-.63.488-.742 1.181-.33 2.061l1.222 2.587 1.4 2.46c2.234 4.085 1.511 8.007-2.145 11.663-.26.26-.526.49-.797.707 1.42-.084 2.881-.683 4.292-2.094 3.822-3.823 3.565-7.876 2.05-10.395zm-6.252 11.075c3.352-3.35 3.998-6.775 1.978-10.469l-3.378-5.945c-.292-.432-.712-.728-1.163-.8a1.122 1.122 0 0 0-.89.213c-.63.49-.742 1.182-.33 2.061l1.72 3.638a.502.502 0 0 1-.806.568l-8.91-8.91a1.335 1.335 0 0 0-1.887 1.886l5.292 5.292a.5.5 0 0 1-.707.707l-5.292-5.292-1.492-1.492c-.503-.503-1.382-.505-1.887 0a1.337 1.337 0 0 0 0 1.886l1.493 1.492 5.292 5.292a.499.499 0 0 1-.353.854.5.5 0 0 1-.354-.147L5.642 13.96a1.338 1.338 0 0 0-1.887 0 1.338 1.338 0 0 0 0 1.887l2.23 2.228 3.322 3.324a.499.499 0 0 1-.353.853.502.502 0 0 1-.354-.146l-3.323-3.324a1.333 1.333 0 0 0-1.886 0 1.325 1.325 0 0 0-.39.943c0 .356.138.691.39.943l6.396 6.397c3.528 3.53 8.86 5.313 12.821 1.353zM12.73 9.26l5.68 5.68-.49-1.037c-.518-1.107-.426-2.13.224-2.89l-3.303-3.304a1.337 1.337 0 0 0-1.886 0 1.326 1.326 0 0 0-.39.944c0 .217.067.42.165.607zm14.787 19.184c-1.599 1.6-3.417 2.392-5.353 2.392-.349 0-.7-.03-1.058-.082a7.922 7.922 0 0 1-3.667.887c-3.049 0-6.115-1.626-8.359-3.87l-6.396-6.397A2.315 2.315 0 0 1 2 19.724a2.327 2.327 0 0 1 1.923-2.296l-.875-.875a2.339 2.339 0 0 1 0-3.3 2.33 2.33 0 0 1 1.24-.647l-.139-.139c-.91-.91-.91-2.39 0-3.3.884-.884 2.421-.882 3.301 0l.138.14a2.335 2.335 0 0 1 3.948-1.24l.093.092c.091-.423.291-.828.62-1.157a2.336 2.336 0 0 1 3.3 0l3.384 3.386a2.167 2.167 0 0 1 1.271-.173c.534.086 1.03.354 1.441.765.11-.549.415-1.034.911-1.418a2.12 2.12 0 0 1 1.661-.41c.727.117 1.385.565 1.853 1.262l3.652 6.423c1.704 2.832 2.025 7.377-2.205 11.607zM13.217.484l-1.917.882 2.37 2.837-.454-3.719zm8.487.877l-1.928-.86-.44 3.697 2.368-2.837zM16.5 3.293L15.478-.005h2.044L16.5 3.293z" fill-rule="evenodd"/></svg></span></span><span class="button-activeState"><span class="svgIcon svgIcon--clapFilled svgIcon--33px u-relative u-topNegative2 u-xs-top0"><svg class="svgIcon-use" width="33" height="33" viewBox="0 0 33 33" ><g fill-rule="evenodd"><path d="M29.58 17.1l-3.854-6.78c-.365-.543-.876-.899-1.431-.989a1.491 1.491 0 0 0-1.16.281c-.42.327-.65.736-.7 1.207v.001l3.623 6.367c2.46 4.498 1.67 8.802-2.333 12.807-.265.265-.536.505-.81.728 1.973-.222 3.474-1.286 4.45-2.263 4.166-4.165 3.875-8.6 2.215-11.36zm-4.831.82l-3.581-6.3c-.296-.439-.725-.742-1.183-.815a1.105 1.105 0 0 0-.89.213c-.647.502-.755 1.188-.33 2.098l1.825 3.858a.601.601 0 0 1-.197.747.596.596 0 0 1-.77-.067L10.178 8.21c-.508-.506-1.393-.506-1.901 0a1.335 1.335 0 0 0-.393.95c0 .36.139.698.393.95v.001l5.61 5.61a.599.599 0 1 1-.848.847l-5.606-5.606c-.001 0-.002 0-.003-.002L5.848 9.375a1.349 1.349 0 0 0-1.902 0 1.348 1.348 0 0 0 0 1.901l1.582 1.582 5.61 5.61a.6.6 0 0 1-.848.848l-5.61-5.61c-.51-.508-1.393-.508-1.9 0a1.332 1.332 0 0 0-.394.95c0 .36.139.697.393.952l2.363 2.362c.002.001.002.002.002.003l3.52 3.52a.6.6 0 0 1-.848.847l-3.522-3.523h-.001a1.336 1.336 0 0 0-.95-.393 1.345 1.345 0 0 0-.949 2.295l6.779 6.78c3.715 3.713 9.327 5.598 13.49 1.434 3.527-3.528 4.21-7.13 2.086-11.015zM11.817 7.727c.06-.328.213-.64.466-.893.64-.64 1.755-.64 2.396 0l3.232 3.232c-.82.783-1.09 1.833-.764 2.992l-5.33-5.33z"/><path d="M13.285.48l-1.916.881 2.37 2.837z"/><path d="M21.719 1.361L19.79.501l-.44 3.697z"/><path d="M16.502 3.298L15.481 0h2.043z"/></g></svg></span></span></button><div class="clapUndo u-width60 u-round u-height32 u-absolute u-borderBox u-paddingRight5 u-transition--transform200Spring u-background--brandSageLighter js-clapUndo" style="top: 14px; padding: 2px;"><button class="button button--chromeless u-baseColor--buttonNormal button--withIcon button--withSvgIcon u-floatRight"  data-action="multivote-undo" data-action-value="4a9f89c3967"><span class="svgIcon svgIcon--removeThin svgIcon--29px"><svg class="svgIcon-use" width="29" height="29" viewBox="0 0 29 29" ><path d="M20.13 8.11l-5.61 5.61-5.609-5.61-.801.801 5.61 5.61-5.61 5.61.801.8 5.61-5.609 5.61 5.61.8-.801-5.609-5.61 5.61-5.61" fill-rule="evenodd"/></svg></span></button></div></div><span class="u-textAlignCenter u-relative u-background js-actionMultirecommendCount u-marginLeft10"><button class="button button--chromeless u-baseColor--buttonNormal js-multirecommendCountButton"  data-action="show-recommends" data-action-value="4a9f89c3967">3.2K</button></span></div></div><div class="buttonSet u-flex0"><button class="button button--large button--dark button--chromeless is-touchIconBlackPulse u-baseColor--buttonDark button--withIcon button--withSvgIcon"  data-action="scroll-to-responses" data-action-source="post_actions_footer"><span class="svgIcon svgIcon--response svgIcon--29px"><svg class="svgIcon-use" width="29" height="29" viewBox="0 0 29 29" ><path d="M21.27 20.058c1.89-1.826 2.754-4.17 2.754-6.674C24.024 8.21 19.67 4 14.1 4 8.53 4 4 8.21 4 13.384c0 5.175 4.53 9.385 10.1 9.385 1.007 0 2-.14 2.95-.41.285.25.592.49.918.7 1.306.87 2.716 1.31 4.19 1.31.276-.01.494-.14.6-.36a.625.625 0 0 0-.052-.65c-.61-.84-1.042-1.71-1.282-2.58a5.417 5.417 0 0 1-.154-.75zm-3.85 1.324l-.083-.28-.388.12a9.72 9.72 0 0 1-2.85.424c-4.96 0-8.99-3.706-8.99-8.262 0-4.556 4.03-8.263 8.99-8.263 4.95 0 8.77 3.71 8.77 8.27 0 2.25-.75 4.35-2.5 5.92l-.24.21v.32c0 .07 0 .19.02.37.03.29.1.6.19.92.19.7.49 1.4.89 2.08-.93-.14-1.83-.49-2.67-1.06-.34-.22-.88-.48-1.16-.74z"/></svg></span></button><button class="button button--chromeless u-baseColor--buttonNormal"  data-action="scroll-to-responses">68</button><button class="button button--large button--dark button--chromeless is-touchIconBlackPulse u-baseColor--buttonDark button--withIcon button--withSvgIcon u-xs-hide"  title="Share on Twitter" aria-label="Share on Twitter" data-action="share-on-twitter" data-action-source="post_actions_footer"><span class="svgIcon svgIcon--twitter svgIcon--29px"><svg class="svgIcon-use" width="29" height="29" viewBox="0 0 29 29" ><path d="M21.967 11.8c.018 5.93-4.607 11.18-11.177 11.18-2.172 0-4.25-.62-6.047-1.76l-.268.422-.038.5.186.013.168.012c.3.02.44.032.6.046 2.06-.026 3.95-.686 5.49-1.86l1.12-.85-1.4-.048c-1.57-.055-2.92-1.08-3.36-2.51l-.48.146-.05.5c.22.03.48.05.75.08.48-.02.87-.07 1.25-.15l2.33-.49-2.32-.49c-1.68-.35-2.91-1.83-2.91-3.55 0-.05 0-.01-.01.03l-.49-.1-.25.44c.63.36 1.35.57 2.07.58l1.7.04L7.4 13c-.978-.662-1.59-1.79-1.618-3.047a4.08 4.08 0 0 1 .524-1.8l-.825.07a12.188 12.188 0 0 0 8.81 4.515l.59.033-.06-.59v-.02c-.05-.43-.06-.63-.06-.87a3.617 3.617 0 0 1 6.27-2.45l.2.21.28-.06c1.01-.22 1.94-.59 2.73-1.09l-.75-.56c-.1.36-.04.89.12 1.36.23.68.58 1.13 1.17.85l-.21-.45-.42-.27c-.52.8-1.17 1.48-1.92 2L22 11l.016.28c.013.2.014.35 0 .52v.04zm.998.038c.018-.22.017-.417 0-.66l-.498.034.284.41a8.183 8.183 0 0 0 2.2-2.267l.97-1.48-1.6.755c.17-.08.3-.02.34.03a.914.914 0 0 1-.13-.292c-.1-.297-.13-.64-.1-.766l.36-1.254-1.1.695c-.69.438-1.51.764-2.41.963l.48.15a4.574 4.574 0 0 0-3.38-1.484 4.616 4.616 0 0 0-4.61 4.613c0 .29.02.51.08.984l.01.02.5-.06.03-.5c-3.17-.18-6.1-1.7-8.08-4.15l-.48-.56-.36.64c-.39.69-.62 1.48-.65 2.28.04 1.61.81 3.04 2.06 3.88l.3-.92c-.55-.02-1.11-.17-1.6-.45l-.59-.34-.14.67c-.02.08-.02.16 0 .24-.01 2.12 1.55 4.01 3.69 4.46l.1-.49-.1-.49c-.33.07-.67.12-1.03.14-.18-.02-.43-.05-.64-.07l-.76-.09.23.73c.57 1.84 2.29 3.14 4.28 3.21l-.28-.89a8.252 8.252 0 0 1-4.85 1.66c-.12-.01-.26-.02-.56-.05l-.17-.01-.18-.01L2.53 21l1.694 1.07a12.233 12.233 0 0 0 6.58 1.917c7.156 0 12.2-5.73 12.18-12.18l-.002.04z"/></svg></span></button><button class="button button--large button--dark button--chromeless is-touchIconBlackPulse u-baseColor--buttonDark button--withIcon button--withSvgIcon u-xs-hide"  title="Share on Facebook" aria-label="Share on Facebook" data-action="share-on-facebook" data-action-source="post_actions_footer"><span class="svgIcon svgIcon--facebook svgIcon--29px"><svg class="svgIcon-use" width="29" height="29" viewBox="0 0 29 29" ><path d="M16.39 23.61v-5.808h1.846a.55.55 0 0 0 .546-.48l.36-2.797a.551.551 0 0 0-.547-.62H16.39V12.67c0-.67.12-.813.828-.813h1.474a.55.55 0 0 0 .55-.55V8.803a.55.55 0 0 0-.477-.545c-.436-.06-1.36-.116-2.22-.116-2.5 0-4.13 1.62-4.13 4.248v1.513H10.56a.551.551 0 0 0-.55.55v2.797c0 .304.248.55.55.55h1.855v5.76c-4.172-.96-7.215-4.7-7.215-9.1 0-5.17 4.17-9.36 9.31-9.36 5.14 0 9.31 4.19 9.31 9.36 0 4.48-3.155 8.27-7.43 9.15M14.51 4C8.76 4 4.1 8.684 4.1 14.46c0 5.162 3.75 9.523 8.778 10.32a.55.55 0 0 0 .637-.543v-6.985a.551.551 0 0 0-.55-.55H11.11v-1.697h1.855a.55.55 0 0 0 .55-.55v-2.063c0-2.02 1.136-3.148 3.03-3.148.567 0 1.156.027 1.597.06v1.453h-.924c-1.363 0-1.93.675-1.93 1.912v1.78c0 .3.247.55.55.55h2.132l-.218 1.69H15.84c-.305 0-.55.24-.55.55v7.02c0 .33.293.59.623.54 5.135-.7 9.007-5.11 9.007-10.36C24.92 8.68 20.26 4 14.51 4"/></svg></span></button><button class="button button--large button--dark button--chromeless u-baseColor--buttonDark button--withIcon button--withSvgIcon u-xs-show"  title="Share this story on Twitter or Facebook" aria-label="Share this story on Twitter or Facebook" data-action="show-share-popover" data-action-source="post_actions_footer"><span class="svgIcon svgIcon--share svgIcon--29px"><svg class="svgIcon-use" width="29" height="29" viewBox="0 0 29 29" ><path d="M20.385 8H19a.5.5 0 1 0 .011 1h1.39c.43 0 .84.168 1.14.473.31.305.48.71.48 1.142v10.77c0 .43-.17.837-.47 1.142-.3.305-.71.473-1.14.473H8.62c-.43 0-.84-.168-1.144-.473a1.603 1.603 0 0 1-.473-1.142v-10.77c0-.43.17-.837.48-1.142A1.599 1.599 0 0 1 8.62 9H10a.502.502 0 0 0 0-1H8.615c-.67 0-1.338.255-1.85.766-.51.51-.765 1.18-.765 1.85v10.77c0 .668.255 1.337.766 1.848.51.51 1.18.766 1.85.766h11.77c.668 0 1.337-.255 1.848-.766.51-.51.766-1.18.766-1.85v-10.77c0-.668-.255-1.337-.766-1.848A2.61 2.61 0 0 0 20.384 8zm-8.67-2.508L14 3.207v8.362c0 .27.224.5.5.5s.5-.23.5-.5V3.2l2.285 2.285a.49.49 0 0 0 .704-.001.511.511 0 0 0 0-.708l-3.14-3.14a.504.504 0 0 0-.71 0L11 4.776a.501.501 0 0 0 .71.706" fill-rule="evenodd"/></svg></span></button></div></div></div></div><div class="u-maxWidth740 u-paddingTop20 u-marginTop20 u-borderTopLightest container u-paddingBottom20 u-xs-paddingBottom10 js-postAttributionFooterContainer"><div class="row js-postFooterInfo"><div class="col u-size6of12 u-xs-size12of12"><li class="uiScale uiScale-ui--small uiScale-caption--regular u-block u-paddingBottom18 js-cardUser"><div class="u-marginLeft20 u-floatRight"><span class="followState js-followState" data-user-id="5787c4eaaaa9"><button class="button button--small u-noUserSelect button--withChrome u-baseColor--buttonNormal button--withHover button--unblock js-unblockButton"  data-action="sign-up-prompt" data-sign-in-action="toggle-block-user" data-requires-token="true" data-redirect="https://civicskunk.works/hurricane-harvey-and-the-failure-of-the-free-market-4a9f89c3967" data-action-source="footer_card"><span class="button-label  button-defaultState">Blocked</span><span class="button-label button-hoverState">Unblock</span></button><button class="button button--primary button--small u-noUserSelect button--withChrome u-accentColor--buttonNormal button--follow js-followButton"  data-action="sign-up-prompt" data-sign-in-action="toggle-subscribe-user" data-requires-token="true" data-redirect="https://medium.com/_/subscribe/user/5787c4eaaaa9" data-action-source="footer_card-5787c4eaaaa9-------------------------follow_footer"><span class="button-label  button-defaultState js-buttonLabel">Follow</span><span class="button-label button-activeState">Following</span></button></span></div><div class="u-tableCell"><a class="link u-baseColor--link avatar"   href="https://civicskunk.works/@paulconstant?source=footer_card" title="Go to the profile of Paul Constant" aria-label="Go to the profile of Paul Constant" data-action-source="footer_card" data-user-id="5787c4eaaaa9" data-collection-slug="civic-skunk-works" dir="auto"><img  src="https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/fit/c/120/120/1*0zVCWsigjLr5tasnuFpdFg.jpeg" class="avatar-image avatar-image--small" alt="Go to the profile of Paul Constant"></a></div><div class="u-tableCell u-verticalAlignMiddle u-breakWord u-paddingLeft15"><h3 class="ui-h3 u-fontSize18 u-lineHeightTighter u-marginBottom4"><a class="link link--primary u-accentColor--hoverTextNormal"   href="https://civicskunk.works/@paulconstant" property="cc:attributionName" title="Go to the profile of Paul Constant" aria-label="Go to the profile of Paul Constant" rel="author cc:attributionUrl" data-user-id="5787c4eaaaa9" data-collection-slug="civic-skunk-works" dir="auto">Paul Constant</a></h3><p class="ui-body u-fontSize14 u-lineHeightBaseSans u-textColorDark u-marginBottom4">Political writer at Civic Ventures. Co-founder of the Seattle Review of Books.</p></div></li></div><div class="col u-size6of12 u-xs-size12of12 u-xs-marginTop30"><li class="uiScale uiScale-ui--small uiScale-caption--regular u-block u-paddingBottom18 js-cardCollection"><div class="u-marginLeft20 u-floatRight"><button class="button button--primary button--small u-noUserSelect button--withChrome u-accentColor--buttonNormal js-relationshipButton"  data-action="sign-up-prompt" data-sign-in-action="toggle-follow-collection" data-requires-token="true" data-redirect="https://medium.com/_/subscribe/collection/civic-skunk-works" data-action-source="----cee6d3abe166----------------------follow_footer" data-collection-id="cee6d3abe166"><span class="button-label  js-buttonLabel">Follow</span></button></div><div class="u-tableCell "><a class="link u-baseColor--link avatar avatar--roundedRectangle"   href="https://civicskunk.works?source=footer_card" title="Go to Civic Skunk Works" aria-label="Go to Civic Skunk Works" data-action-source="footer_card" data-collection-slug="civic-skunk-works"><img src="https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/fit/c/120/120/1*2SAJmer4BBrGDIHNPCXDWA.png" class="avatar-image u-size60x60" alt="Civic Skunk Works"></a></div><div class="u-tableCell u-verticalAlignMiddle u-breakWord u-paddingLeft15"><h3 class="ui-h3 u-fontSize18 u-lineHeightTighter u-marginBottom4"><a class="link link--primary u-accentColor--hoverTextNormal"   href="https://civicskunk.works?source=footer_card" rel="collection" data-action-source="footer_card" data-collection-slug="civic-skunk-works">Civic Skunk Works</a></h3><p class="ui-body u-fontSize14 u-lineHeightBaseSans u-textColorDark u-marginBottom4">Because conventional wisdom stinks.</p><div class="buttonSet"></div></div></li></div></div></div><div class="js-postFooterPlacements"></div><div class="u-padding0 u-clearfix u-backgroundGrayLightest u-print-hide supplementalPostContent js-responsesWrapper"></div><div class="supplementalPostContent js-heroPromo"></div></footer></article></main><div class="u-marginAuto u-maxWidth1000"><div class="js-postShareWidget u-foreground u-sm-hide u-transition--fadeOut300 u-fixed"><ul><li class="u-textAlignCenter u-marginVertical10"><div class="multirecommend js-actionMultirecommend u-flexColumn u-marginBottom10 u-width60" data-post-id="4a9f89c3967" data-is-icon-29px="true" data-is-vertical="true" data-is-circle="true" data-has-recommend-list="true" data-source="post_share_widget-----4a9f89c3967---------------------clap_sidebar"><div class="u-relative u-foreground"><button class="button button--large button--circle button--withChrome u-baseColor--buttonNormal button--withIcon button--withSvgIcon clapButton js-actionMultirecommendButton clapButton--largePill u-relative u-foreground u-xs-paddingLeft13 u-width60 u-height60 u-accentColor--textNormal u-accentColor--buttonNormal"  data-action="sign-up-prompt" data-sign-in-action="multivote" data-requires-token="true" data-redirect="https://medium.com/_/vote/p/4a9f89c3967" data-action-source="post_share_widget-----4a9f89c3967---------------------clap_sidebar" aria-label="Clap"><span class="button-defaultState"><span class="svgIcon svgIcon--clap svgIcon--33px u-relative u-topNegative2 u-xs-top0"><svg class="svgIcon-use" width="33" height="33" viewBox="0 0 33 33" ><path d="M28.86 17.342l-3.64-6.402c-.292-.433-.712-.729-1.163-.8a1.124 1.124 0 0 0-.889.213c-.63.488-.742 1.181-.33 2.061l1.222 2.587 1.4 2.46c2.234 4.085 1.511 8.007-2.145 11.663-.26.26-.526.49-.797.707 1.42-.084 2.881-.683 4.292-2.094 3.822-3.823 3.565-7.876 2.05-10.395zm-6.252 11.075c3.352-3.35 3.998-6.775 1.978-10.469l-3.378-5.945c-.292-.432-.712-.728-1.163-.8a1.122 1.122 0 0 0-.89.213c-.63.49-.742 1.182-.33 2.061l1.72 3.638a.502.502 0 0 1-.806.568l-8.91-8.91a1.335 1.335 0 0 0-1.887 1.886l5.292 5.292a.5.5 0 0 1-.707.707l-5.292-5.292-1.492-1.492c-.503-.503-1.382-.505-1.887 0a1.337 1.337 0 0 0 0 1.886l1.493 1.492 5.292 5.292a.499.499 0 0 1-.353.854.5.5 0 0 1-.354-.147L5.642 13.96a1.338 1.338 0 0 0-1.887 0 1.338 1.338 0 0 0 0 1.887l2.23 2.228 3.322 3.324a.499.499 0 0 1-.353.853.502.502 0 0 1-.354-.146l-3.323-3.324a1.333 1.333 0 0 0-1.886 0 1.325 1.325 0 0 0-.39.943c0 .356.138.691.39.943l6.396 6.397c3.528 3.53 8.86 5.313 12.821 1.353zM12.73 9.26l5.68 5.68-.49-1.037c-.518-1.107-.426-2.13.224-2.89l-3.303-3.304a1.337 1.337 0 0 0-1.886 0 1.326 1.326 0 0 0-.39.944c0 .217.067.42.165.607zm14.787 19.184c-1.599 1.6-3.417 2.392-5.353 2.392-.349 0-.7-.03-1.058-.082a7.922 7.922 0 0 1-3.667.887c-3.049 0-6.115-1.626-8.359-3.87l-6.396-6.397A2.315 2.315 0 0 1 2 19.724a2.327 2.327 0 0 1 1.923-2.296l-.875-.875a2.339 2.339 0 0 1 0-3.3 2.33 2.33 0 0 1 1.24-.647l-.139-.139c-.91-.91-.91-2.39 0-3.3.884-.884 2.421-.882 3.301 0l.138.14a2.335 2.335 0 0 1 3.948-1.24l.093.092c.091-.423.291-.828.62-1.157a2.336 2.336 0 0 1 3.3 0l3.384 3.386a2.167 2.167 0 0 1 1.271-.173c.534.086 1.03.354 1.441.765.11-.549.415-1.034.911-1.418a2.12 2.12 0 0 1 1.661-.41c.727.117 1.385.565 1.853 1.262l3.652 6.423c1.704 2.832 2.025 7.377-2.205 11.607zM13.217.484l-1.917.882 2.37 2.837-.454-3.719zm8.487.877l-1.928-.86-.44 3.697 2.368-2.837zM16.5 3.293L15.478-.005h2.044L16.5 3.293z" fill-rule="evenodd"/></svg></span></span><span class="button-activeState"><span class="svgIcon svgIcon--clapFilled svgIcon--33px u-relative u-topNegative2 u-xs-top0"><svg class="svgIcon-use" width="33" height="33" viewBox="0 0 33 33" ><g fill-rule="evenodd"><path d="M29.58 17.1l-3.854-6.78c-.365-.543-.876-.899-1.431-.989a1.491 1.491 0 0 0-1.16.281c-.42.327-.65.736-.7 1.207v.001l3.623 6.367c2.46 4.498 1.67 8.802-2.333 12.807-.265.265-.536.505-.81.728 1.973-.222 3.474-1.286 4.45-2.263 4.166-4.165 3.875-8.6 2.215-11.36zm-4.831.82l-3.581-6.3c-.296-.439-.725-.742-1.183-.815a1.105 1.105 0 0 0-.89.213c-.647.502-.755 1.188-.33 2.098l1.825 3.858a.601.601 0 0 1-.197.747.596.596 0 0 1-.77-.067L10.178 8.21c-.508-.506-1.393-.506-1.901 0a1.335 1.335 0 0 0-.393.95c0 .36.139.698.393.95v.001l5.61 5.61a.599.599 0 1 1-.848.847l-5.606-5.606c-.001 0-.002 0-.003-.002L5.848 9.375a1.349 1.349 0 0 0-1.902 0 1.348 1.348 0 0 0 0 1.901l1.582 1.582 5.61 5.61a.6.6 0 0 1-.848.848l-5.61-5.61c-.51-.508-1.393-.508-1.9 0a1.332 1.332 0 0 0-.394.95c0 .36.139.697.393.952l2.363 2.362c.002.001.002.002.002.003l3.52 3.52a.6.6 0 0 1-.848.847l-3.522-3.523h-.001a1.336 1.336 0 0 0-.95-.393 1.345 1.345 0 0 0-.949 2.295l6.779 6.78c3.715 3.713 9.327 5.598 13.49 1.434 3.527-3.528 4.21-7.13 2.086-11.015zM11.817 7.727c.06-.328.213-.64.466-.893.64-.64 1.755-.64 2.396 0l3.232 3.232c-.82.783-1.09 1.833-.764 2.992l-5.33-5.33z"/><path d="M13.285.48l-1.916.881 2.37 2.837z"/><path d="M21.719 1.361L19.79.501l-.44 3.697z"/><path d="M16.502 3.298L15.481 0h2.043z"/></g></svg></span></span></button><div class="clapUndo u-width60 u-round u-height32 u-absolute u-borderBox u-paddingRight5 u-transition--transform200Spring u-background--brandSageLighter js-clapUndo" style="top: 14px; padding: 2px;"><button class="button button--chromeless u-baseColor--buttonNormal button--withIcon button--withSvgIcon u-floatRight"  data-action="multivote-undo" data-action-value="4a9f89c3967"><span class="svgIcon svgIcon--removeThin svgIcon--29px"><svg class="svgIcon-use" width="29" height="29" viewBox="0 0 29 29" ><path d="M20.13 8.11l-5.61 5.61-5.609-5.61-.801.801 5.61 5.61-5.61 5.61.801.8 5.61-5.609 5.61 5.61.8-.801-5.609-5.61 5.61-5.61" fill-rule="evenodd"/></svg></span></button></div></div><span class="u-textAlignCenter u-relative u-background js-actionMultirecommendCount u-flexOrderNegative1 u-height20 u-marginBottom7"><button class="button button--chromeless u-baseColor--buttonNormal js-multirecommendCountButton u-block u-marginAuto"  data-action="show-recommends" data-action-value="4a9f89c3967">3.2K</button></span></div></li><li class="u-textAlignCenter u-marginVertical10"><button class="button button--large button--dark button--chromeless is-touchIconBlackPulse u-baseColor--buttonDark button--withIcon button--withSvgIcon"  title="Share on Twitter" aria-label="Share on Twitter" data-action="share-on-twitter" data-action-source="post_share_widget"><span class="svgIcon svgIcon--twitter svgIcon--29px"><svg class="svgIcon-use" width="29" height="29" viewBox="0 0 29 29" ><path d="M21.967 11.8c.018 5.93-4.607 11.18-11.177 11.18-2.172 0-4.25-.62-6.047-1.76l-.268.422-.038.5.186.013.168.012c.3.02.44.032.6.046 2.06-.026 3.95-.686 5.49-1.86l1.12-.85-1.4-.048c-1.57-.055-2.92-1.08-3.36-2.51l-.48.146-.05.5c.22.03.48.05.75.08.48-.02.87-.07 1.25-.15l2.33-.49-2.32-.49c-1.68-.35-2.91-1.83-2.91-3.55 0-.05 0-.01-.01.03l-.49-.1-.25.44c.63.36 1.35.57 2.07.58l1.7.04L7.4 13c-.978-.662-1.59-1.79-1.618-3.047a4.08 4.08 0 0 1 .524-1.8l-.825.07a12.188 12.188 0 0 0 8.81 4.515l.59.033-.06-.59v-.02c-.05-.43-.06-.63-.06-.87a3.617 3.617 0 0 1 6.27-2.45l.2.21.28-.06c1.01-.22 1.94-.59 2.73-1.09l-.75-.56c-.1.36-.04.89.12 1.36.23.68.58 1.13 1.17.85l-.21-.45-.42-.27c-.52.8-1.17 1.48-1.92 2L22 11l.016.28c.013.2.014.35 0 .52v.04zm.998.038c.018-.22.017-.417 0-.66l-.498.034.284.41a8.183 8.183 0 0 0 2.2-2.267l.97-1.48-1.6.755c.17-.08.3-.02.34.03a.914.914 0 0 1-.13-.292c-.1-.297-.13-.64-.1-.766l.36-1.254-1.1.695c-.69.438-1.51.764-2.41.963l.48.15a4.574 4.574 0 0 0-3.38-1.484 4.616 4.616 0 0 0-4.61 4.613c0 .29.02.51.08.984l.01.02.5-.06.03-.5c-3.17-.18-6.1-1.7-8.08-4.15l-.48-.56-.36.64c-.39.69-.62 1.48-.65 2.28.04 1.61.81 3.04 2.06 3.88l.3-.92c-.55-.02-1.11-.17-1.6-.45l-.59-.34-.14.67c-.02.08-.02.16 0 .24-.01 2.12 1.55 4.01 3.69 4.46l.1-.49-.1-.49c-.33.07-.67.12-1.03.14-.18-.02-.43-.05-.64-.07l-.76-.09.23.73c.57 1.84 2.29 3.14 4.28 3.21l-.28-.89a8.252 8.252 0 0 1-4.85 1.66c-.12-.01-.26-.02-.56-.05l-.17-.01-.18-.01L2.53 21l1.694 1.07a12.233 12.233 0 0 0 6.58 1.917c7.156 0 12.2-5.73 12.18-12.18l-.002.04z"/></svg></span></button></li><li class="u-textAlignCenter u-marginVertical10"><button class="button button--large button--dark button--chromeless is-touchIconBlackPulse u-baseColor--buttonDark button--withIcon button--withSvgIcon"  title="Share on Facebook" aria-label="Share on Facebook" data-action="share-on-facebook" data-action-source="post_share_widget"><span class="svgIcon svgIcon--facebook svgIcon--29px"><svg class="svgIcon-use" width="29" height="29" viewBox="0 0 29 29" ><path d="M16.39 23.61v-5.808h1.846a.55.55 0 0 0 .546-.48l.36-2.797a.551.551 0 0 0-.547-.62H16.39V12.67c0-.67.12-.813.828-.813h1.474a.55.55 0 0 0 .55-.55V8.803a.55.55 0 0 0-.477-.545c-.436-.06-1.36-.116-2.22-.116-2.5 0-4.13 1.62-4.13 4.248v1.513H10.56a.551.551 0 0 0-.55.55v2.797c0 .304.248.55.55.55h1.855v5.76c-4.172-.96-7.215-4.7-7.215-9.1 0-5.17 4.17-9.36 9.31-9.36 5.14 0 9.31 4.19 9.31 9.36 0 4.48-3.155 8.27-7.43 9.15M14.51 4C8.76 4 4.1 8.684 4.1 14.46c0 5.162 3.75 9.523 8.778 10.32a.55.55 0 0 0 .637-.543v-6.985a.551.551 0 0 0-.55-.55H11.11v-1.697h1.855a.55.55 0 0 0 .55-.55v-2.063c0-2.02 1.136-3.148 3.03-3.148.567 0 1.156.027 1.597.06v1.453h-.924c-1.363 0-1.93.675-1.93 1.912v1.78c0 .3.247.55.55.55h2.132l-.218 1.69H15.84c-.305 0-.55.24-.55.55v7.02c0 .33.293.59.623.54 5.135-.7 9.007-5.11 9.007-10.36C24.92 8.68 20.26 4 14.51 4"/></svg></span></button></li><li class="u-textAlignCenter u-marginVertical10"><button class="button button--large button--dark button--chromeless is-touchIconFadeInPulse u-baseColor--buttonDark button--withIcon button--withSvgIcon button--bookmark js-bookmarkButton"  title="Bookmark this story to read later" aria-label="Bookmark this story to read later" data-action="sign-up-prompt" data-sign-in-action="add-to-bookmarks" data-requires-token="true" data-redirect="https://medium.com/_/bookmark/p/4a9f89c3967" data-action-source="post_share_widget-----4a9f89c3967---------------------bookmark_sidebar"><span class="button-defaultState"><span class="svgIcon svgIcon--bookmark svgIcon--29px"><svg class="svgIcon-use" width="29" height="29" viewBox="0 0 29 29" ><path d="M19.385 4h-9.77A2.623 2.623 0 0 0 7 6.615V23.01a1.022 1.022 0 0 0 1.595.847l5.905-4.004 5.905 4.004A1.022 1.022 0 0 0 22 23.011V6.62A2.625 2.625 0 0 0 19.385 4zM21 23l-5.91-3.955-.148-.107a.751.751 0 0 0-.884 0l-.147.107L8 23V6.615C8 5.725 8.725 5 9.615 5h9.77C20.275 5 21 5.725 21 6.615V23z" fill-rule="evenodd"/></svg></span></span><span class="button-activeState"><span class="svgIcon svgIcon--bookmarkFilled svgIcon--29px"><svg class="svgIcon-use" width="29" height="29" viewBox="0 0 29 29" ><path d="M19.385 4h-9.77A2.623 2.623 0 0 0 7 6.615V23.01a1.022 1.022 0 0 0 1.595.847l5.905-4.004 5.905 4.004A1.022 1.022 0 0 0 22 23.011V6.62A2.625 2.625 0 0 0 19.385 4z" fill-rule="evenodd"/></svg></span></span></button></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-fixed u-bottom0 u-sizeFullWidth u-backgroundWhite u-boxShadowTop u-borderBox u-paddingTop10 u-paddingBottom10 u-zIndexMetabar u-xs-paddingLeft10 u-xs-paddingRight10 js-stickyFooter"><div class="u-maxWidth700 u-marginAuto u-flexCenter"><div class="u-fontSize16 u-flex1 u-flexCenter"><div class="u-flex0 u-inlineBlock u-paddingRight20 u-xs-paddingRight10"><a class="link u-baseColor--link avatar avatar--roundedRectangle"   href="https://civicskunk.works" title="Go to Civic Skunk Works" aria-label="Go to Civic Skunk Works" data-collection-slug="civic-skunk-works"><img src="https://cdn-images-1.medium.com/fit/c/80/80/1*2SAJmer4BBrGDIHNPCXDWA.png" class="avatar-image avatar-image--smaller" alt="Civic Skunk Works"></a></div><div class="u-flex1 u-inlineBlock"><div class="u-xs-hide">Never miss a story from<strong> Civic Skunk Works</strong>, when you sign up for Medium. <a class="link u-baseColor--link link--accent u-accentColor--textNormal u-accentColor--textDarken"   href="https://medium.com/@Medium/personalize-your-medium-experience-with-users-publications-tags-26a41ab1ee0c#.hx4zuv3mg" data-action-source="sticky_footer">Learn more</a></div><div class="u-xs-show">Never miss a story from<strong> Civic Skunk Works</strong></div></div></div><div class="u-marginLeft50 u-xs-marginAuto"><button class="button button--primary button--dark is-active u-noUserSelect button--withChrome u-accentColor--buttonDark u-uiTextSemibold u-textUppercase u-fontSize12 button--followCollection js-followCollectionButton"  data-action="sign-up-prompt" data-sign-in-action="toggle-subscribe-collection" data-requires-token="true" data-redirect="https://medium.com/_/subscribe/collection/civic-skunk-works" data-action-source="sticky_footer----cee6d3abe166----------------------follow_metabar"><span class="button-label  button-defaultState js-buttonLabel">Get updates</span><span class="button-label button-activeState">Get updates</span></button></div></div></div><style class="js-collectionStyle">
.u-accentColor--borderLight {border-color: #A67D00 !important;}
.u-accentColor--borderNormal {border-color: #A67D00 !important;}
.u-accentColor--borderDark {border-color: #8D6C00 !important;}
.u-accentColor--iconLight .svgIcon,.u-accentColor--iconLight.svgIcon {fill: #A67D00 !important;}
.u-accentColor--iconNormal .svgIcon,.u-accentColor--iconNormal.svgIcon {fill: #A67D00 !important;}
.u-accentColor--iconDark .svgIcon,.u-accentColor--iconDark.svgIcon {fill: #8D6C00 !important;}
.u-accentColor--textNormal {color: #8D6C00 !important;}
.u-accentColor--hoverTextNormal:hover {color: #8D6C00 !important;}
.u-accentColor--textNormal.u-accentColor--textDarken:hover {color: #816300 !important;}
.u-accentColor--textDark {color: #816300 !important;}
.u-accentColor--backgroundLight {background-color: #A67D00 !important;}
.u-accentColor--backgroundNormal {background-color: #A67D00 !important;}
.u-accentColor--backgroundDark {background-color: #8D6C00 !important;}
.u-accentColor--buttonDark {border-color: #8D6C00 !important; color: #816300 !important;}
.u-accentColor--buttonDark:hover {border-color: #816300 !important;}
.u-accentColor--buttonDark .icon:before,.u-accentColor--buttonDark .svgIcon{color: #8D6C00 !important; fill: #8D6C00 !important;}
.u-accentColor--buttonNormal:not(.clapButton--largePill) {border-color: #A67D00 !important; color: #8D6C00 !important;}
.u-accentColor--buttonNormal:hover {border-color: #8D6C00 !important;}
.u-accentColor--buttonNormal .icon:before,.u-accentColor--buttonNormal .svgIcon{color: #A67D00 !important; fill: #A67D00 !important;}
.u-accentColor--buttonNormal.button--filled .icon:before,.u-accentColor--buttonNormal.button--filled .svgIcon{color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1) !important; fill: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1) !important;}
.u-accentColor--buttonDark.button--filled,.u-accentColor--buttonDark.button--withChrome.is-active,.u-accentColor--fillWhenActive.is-active {background-color: #8D6C00 !important; border-color: #8D6C00 !important; color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1) !important; fill: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1) !important;}
.u-accentColor--buttonNormal.button--filled:not(.clapButton--largePill),.u-accentColor--buttonNormal.button--withChrome.is-active:not(.clapButton--largePill) {background-color: #A67D00 !important; border-color: #A67D00 !important; color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1) !important; fill: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1) !important;}
.postArticle.is-withAccentColors .markup--user,.postArticle.is-withAccentColors .markup--query {color: #8D6C00 !important;}.u-tintBgColor {background-color: rgba(255, 207, 20, 1) !important;}.u-tintBgColor .u-fadeLeft:before {background-image: linear-gradient(to right, rgba(255, 207, 20, 1) 0%, rgba(255, 207, 20, 0) 100%) !important;}.u-tintBgColor .u-fadeRight:after {background-image: linear-gradient(to right, rgba(255, 207, 20, 0) 0%, rgba(255, 207, 20, 1) 100%) !important;}
.u-tintSpectrum .u-baseColor--borderLight {border-color: #B48A00 !important;}
.u-tintSpectrum .u-baseColor--borderNormal {border-color: #936C00 !important;}
.u-tintSpectrum .u-baseColor--borderDark {border-color: #6F4B00 !important;}
.u-tintSpectrum .u-baseColor--iconLight .svgIcon,.u-tintSpectrum .u-baseColor--iconLight.svgIcon {fill: #B48A00 !important;}
.u-tintSpectrum .u-baseColor--iconNormal .svgIcon,.u-tintSpectrum .u-baseColor--iconNormal.svgIcon {fill: #936C00 !important;}
.u-tintSpectrum .u-baseColor--iconDark .svgIcon,.u-tintSpectrum .u-baseColor--iconDark.svgIcon {fill: #6F4B00 !important;}
.u-tintSpectrum .u-baseColor--textNormal {color: #936C00 !important;}
.u-tintSpectrum .u-baseColor--textNormal.u-baseColor--textDarken:hover {color: #5A3A00 !important;}
.u-tintSpectrum .u-baseColor--textDark {color: #5A3A00 !important;}
.u-tintSpectrum .u-baseColor--textDarker {color: #5A3A00 !important;}
.u-tintSpectrum .u-baseColor--backgroundLight {background-color: #B48A00 !important;}
.u-tintSpectrum .u-baseColor--backgroundNormal {background-color: #936C00 !important;}
.u-tintSpectrum .u-baseColor--backgroundDark {background-color: #6F4B00 !important;}
.u-tintSpectrum .u-baseColor--buttonLight {border-color: #B48A00 !important; color: #B48A00 !important;}
.u-tintSpectrum .u-baseColor--buttonLight:hover {border-color: #B48A00 !important;}
.u-tintSpectrum .u-baseColor--buttonLight .icon:before,.u-tintSpectrum .u-baseColor--buttonLight .svgIcon {color: #B48A00 !important; fill: #B48A00 !important;}
.u-tintSpectrum .u-baseColor--buttonDark {border-color: #6F4B00 !important; color: #5A3A00 !important;}
.u-tintSpectrum .u-baseColor--buttonDark:hover {border-color: #5A3A00 !important;}
.u-tintSpectrum .u-baseColor--buttonDark .icon:before,.u-tintSpectrum .u-baseColor--buttonDark .svgIcon {color: #6F4B00 !important; fill: #6F4B00 !important;}
.u-tintSpectrum .u-baseColor--buttonNormal {border-color: #936C00 !important; color: #936C00 !important;}
.u-tintSpectrum .u-baseColor--buttonNormal:hover {border-color: #6F4B00 !important;}
.u-tintSpectrum .u-baseColor--buttonNormal .icon:before,.u-tintSpectrum .u-baseColor--buttonNormal .svgIcon {color: #936C00 !important; fill: #936C00 !important;}
.u-tintSpectrum .u-baseColor--buttonDark.button--filled,.u-tintSpectrum .u-baseColor--buttonDark.button--withChrome.is-active {background-color: #6F4B00 !important; border-color: #6F4B00 !important; color: rgba(255, 207, 20, 1) !important; fill: rgba(255, 207, 20, 1) !important;}
.u-tintSpectrum .u-baseColor--buttonNormal.button--filled,.u-tintSpectrum .u-baseColor--buttonNormal.button--withChrome.is-active {background-color: #936C00 !important; border-color: #936C00 !important; color: rgba(255, 207, 20, 1) !important; fill: rgba(255, 207, 20, 1) !important;}
.u-tintSpectrum .u-baseColor--link {color: #936C00 !important;}
.u-tintSpectrum .u-baseColor--link.link--darkenOnHover:hover {color: #5A3A00 !important;}
.u-tintSpectrum .u-baseColor--link.link--darken:hover,.u-tintSpectrum .u-baseColor--link.link--darken:focus,.u-tintSpectrum .u-baseColor--link.link--darken:active {color: #5A3A00 !important;}
.u-tintSpectrum .u-baseColor--link.link--dark {color: #5A3A00 !important;}
.u-tintSpectrum .u-baseColor--link.link--dark.link--darken:hover,.u-tintSpectrum .u-baseColor--link.link--dark.link--darken:focus,.u-tintSpectrum .u-baseColor--link.link--dark.link--darken:active {color: #5A3A00 !important;}
.u-tintSpectrum .u-baseColor--link.link--darker {color: #5A3A00 !important;}
.u-tintSpectrum .u-baseColor--placeholderNormal ::-webkit-input-placeholder {color: #B48A00;}
.u-tintSpectrum .u-baseColor--placeholderNormal ::-moz-placeholder {color: #B48A00;}
.u-tintSpectrum .u-baseColor--placeholderNormal :-ms-input-placeholder {color: #B48A00;}
.u-tintSpectrum .svgIcon--logoNew path:nth-child(1) {stroke: none !important; fill: #E2B400 !important;}
.u-tintSpectrum .svgIcon--logoNew path:nth-child(2) {stroke: none !important; fill: #D3A600 !important;}
.u-tintSpectrum .svgIcon--logoNew path:nth-child(3) {stroke: none !important; fill: #B48A00 !important;}
.u-tintSpectrum .svgIcon--logoNew path:nth-child(4) {stroke: none !important; fill: #936C00 !important;}
.u-tintSpectrum .svgIcon--logoWordmark {stroke: none !important; fill: #5A3A00 !important;}
.u-tintSpectrum .svgIcon--logoMonogram {stroke: none !important; fill: #5A3A00 !important;}
.u-tintSpectrum  .ui-h1,.u-tintSpectrum  .ui-h2,.u-tintSpectrum  .ui-h3,.u-tintSpectrum  .ui-h4,.u-tintSpectrum  .ui-brand1,.u-tintSpectrum  .ui-brand2,.u-tintSpectrum  .ui-captionStrong {color: #5A3A00 !important; fill: #5A3A00 !important;}
.u-tintSpectrum  .ui-body,.u-tintSpectrum  .ui-caps {color: #5A3A00 !important; fill: #5A3A00 !important;}
.u-tintSpectrum  .ui-summary,.u-tintSpectrum  .ui-caption {color: #B48A00 !important; fill: #B48A00 !important;}
.u-tintSpectrum .u-accentColor--borderLight {border-color: #B48A00 !important;}
.u-tintSpectrum .u-accentColor--borderNormal {border-color: #936C00 !important;}
.u-tintSpectrum .u-accentColor--borderDark {border-color: #6F4B00 !important;}
.u-tintSpectrum .u-accentColor--iconLight .svgIcon,.u-tintSpectrum .u-accentColor--iconLight.svgIcon {fill: #B48A00 !important;}
.u-tintSpectrum .u-accentColor--iconNormal .svgIcon,.u-tintSpectrum .u-accentColor--iconNormal.svgIcon {fill: #936C00 !important;}
.u-tintSpectrum .u-accentColor--iconDark .svgIcon,.u-tintSpectrum .u-accentColor--iconDark.svgIcon {fill: #6F4B00 !important;}
.u-tintSpectrum .u-accentColor--textNormal {color: #936C00 !important;}
.u-tintSpectrum .u-accentColor--hoverTextNormal:hover {color: #936C00 !important;}
.u-tintSpectrum .u-accentColor--textNormal.u-accentColor--textDarken:hover {color: #5A3A00 !important;}
.u-tintSpectrum .u-accentColor--textDark {color: #5A3A00 !important;}
.u-tintSpectrum .u-accentColor--backgroundLight {background-color: #B48A00 !important;}
.u-tintSpectrum .u-accentColor--backgroundNormal {background-color: #936C00 !important;}
.u-tintSpectrum .u-accentColor--backgroundDark {background-color: #6F4B00 !important;}
.u-tintSpectrum .u-accentColor--buttonDark {border-color: #6F4B00 !important; color: #5A3A00 !important;}
.u-tintSpectrum .u-accentColor--buttonDark:hover {border-color: #5A3A00 !important;}
.u-tintSpectrum .u-accentColor--buttonDark .icon:before,.u-tintSpectrum .u-accentColor--buttonDark .svgIcon{color: #6F4B00 !important; fill: #6F4B00 !important;}
.u-tintSpectrum .u-accentColor--buttonNormal:not(.clapButton--largePill) {border-color: #936C00 !important; color: #936C00 !important;}
.u-tintSpectrum .u-accentColor--buttonNormal:hover {border-color: #6F4B00 !important;}
.u-tintSpectrum .u-accentColor--buttonNormal .icon:before,.u-tintSpectrum .u-accentColor--buttonNormal .svgIcon{color: #936C00 !important; fill: #936C00 !important;}
.u-tintSpectrum .u-accentColor--buttonNormal.button--filled .icon:before,.u-tintSpectrum .u-accentColor--buttonNormal.button--filled .svgIcon{color: rgba(255, 207, 20, 1) !important; fill: rgba(255, 207, 20, 1) !important;}
.u-tintSpectrum .u-accentColor--buttonDark.button--filled,.u-tintSpectrum .u-accentColor--buttonDark.button--withChrome.is-active,.u-tintSpectrum .u-accentColor--fillWhenActive.is-active {background-color: #6F4B00 !important; border-color: #6F4B00 !important; color: rgba(255, 207, 20, 1) !important; fill: rgba(255, 207, 20, 1) !important;}
.u-tintSpectrum .u-accentColor--buttonNormal.button--filled:not(.clapButton--largePill),.u-tintSpectrum .u-accentColor--buttonNormal.button--withChrome.is-active:not(.clapButton--largePill) {background-color: #936C00 !important; border-color: #936C00 !important; color: rgba(255, 207, 20, 1) !important; fill: rgba(255, 207, 20, 1) !important;}
.u-tintSpectrum .postArticle.is-withAccentColors .markup--user,.u-tintSpectrum .postArticle.is-withAccentColors .markup--query {color: #936C00 !important;}
.u-accentColor--highlightFaint {background-color: rgba(255, 239, 183, 1) !important;}
.u-accentColor--highlightStrong.is-active .svgIcon {fill: rgba(255, 219, 86, 1) !important;}
.postArticle.is-withAccentColors .markup--quote.is-other {background-color: rgba(255, 239, 183, 1) !important;}
body.is-withMagicUnderlines .postArticle.is-withAccentColors .markup--quote.is-other {background-color: transparent !important; background-image: linear-gradient(to bottom, rgba(255, 239, 183, 1), rgba(255, 239, 183, 1));}
.postArticle.is-withAccentColors .markup--quote.is-me {background-color: rgba(255, 228, 130, 1) !important;}
body.is-withMagicUnderlines .postArticle.is-withAccentColors .markup--quote.is-me {background-color: transparent !important; background-image: linear-gradient(to bottom, rgba(255, 228, 130, 1), rgba(255, 228, 130, 1));}
.postArticle.is-withAccentColors .markup--quote.is-targeted {background-color: rgba(255, 219, 86, 1) !important;}
body.is-withMagicUnderlines .postArticle.is-withAccentColors .markup--quote.is-targeted {background-color: transparent !important; background-image: linear-gradient(to bottom, rgba(255, 219, 86, 1), rgba(255, 219, 86, 1));}
.postArticle.is-withAccentColors .markup--quote.is-selected {background-color: rgba(255, 219, 86, 1) !important;}
body.is-withMagicUnderlines .postArticle.is-withAccentColors .markup--quote.is-selected {background-color: transparent !important; background-image: linear-gradient(to bottom, rgba(255, 219, 86, 1), rgba(255, 219, 86, 1));}
.postArticle.is-withAccentColors .markup--highlight {background-color: rgba(255, 219, 86, 1) !important;}
body.is-withMagicUnderlines .postArticle.is-withAccentColors .markup--highlight {background-color: transparent !important; background-image: linear-gradient(to bottom, rgba(255, 219, 86, 1), rgba(255, 219, 86, 1));}.u-baseColor--iconNormal.avatar-halo {fill: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4980392156862745) !important;}</style><style class="js-collectionStyleConstant">.u-imageBgColor {background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.24705882352941178);}
.u-imageSpectrum .u-baseColor--borderLight {border-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.6980392156862745) !important;}
.u-imageSpectrum .u-baseColor--borderNormal {border-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.8980392156862745) !important;}
.u-imageSpectrum .u-baseColor--borderDark {border-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.9490196078431372) !important;}
.u-imageSpectrum .u-baseColor--iconLight .svgIcon,.u-imageSpectrum .u-baseColor--iconLight.svgIcon {fill: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.8) !important;}
.u-imageSpectrum .u-baseColor--iconNormal .svgIcon,.u-imageSpectrum .u-baseColor--iconNormal.svgIcon {fill: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.9490196078431372) !important;}
.u-imageSpectrum .u-baseColor--iconDark .svgIcon,.u-imageSpectrum .u-baseColor--iconDark.svgIcon {fill: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1) !important;}
.u-imageSpectrum .u-baseColor--textNormal {color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.9490196078431372) !important;}
.u-imageSpectrum .u-baseColor--textNormal.u-baseColor--textDarken:hover {color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1) !important;}
.u-imageSpectrum .u-baseColor--textDark {color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1) !important;}
.u-imageSpectrum .u-baseColor--textDarker {color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1) !important;}
.u-imageSpectrum .u-baseColor--backgroundLight {background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.8980392156862745) !important;}
.u-imageSpectrum .u-baseColor--backgroundNormal {background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.9490196078431372) !important;}
.u-imageSpectrum .u-baseColor--backgroundDark {background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1) !important;}
.u-imageSpectrum .u-baseColor--buttonLight {border-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.6980392156862745) !important; color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.8) !important;}
.u-imageSpectrum .u-baseColor--buttonLight:hover {border-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.6980392156862745) !important;}
.u-imageSpectrum .u-baseColor--buttonLight .icon:before,.u-imageSpectrum .u-baseColor--buttonLight .svgIcon {color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.8) !important; fill: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.8) !important;}
.u-imageSpectrum .u-baseColor--buttonDark {border-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.9490196078431372) !important; color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1) !important;}
.u-imageSpectrum .u-baseColor--buttonDark:hover {border-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1) !important;}
.u-imageSpectrum .u-baseColor--buttonDark .icon:before,.u-imageSpectrum .u-baseColor--buttonDark .svgIcon {color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1) !important; fill: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1) !important;}
.u-imageSpectrum .u-baseColor--buttonNormal {border-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.8980392156862745) !important; color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.9490196078431372) !important;}
.u-imageSpectrum .u-baseColor--buttonNormal:hover {border-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.9490196078431372) !important;}
.u-imageSpectrum .u-baseColor--buttonNormal .icon:before,.u-imageSpectrum .u-baseColor--buttonNormal .svgIcon {color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.9490196078431372) !important; fill: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.9490196078431372) !important;}
.u-imageSpectrum .u-baseColor--buttonDark.button--filled,.u-imageSpectrum .u-baseColor--buttonDark.button--withChrome.is-active {background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1) !important; border-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.24705882352941178) !important; fill: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.24705882352941178) !important;}
.u-imageSpectrum .u-baseColor--buttonNormal.button--filled,.u-imageSpectrum .u-baseColor--buttonNormal.button--withChrome.is-active {background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.9490196078431372) !important; border-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.9490196078431372) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.24705882352941178) !important; fill: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.24705882352941178) !important;}
.u-imageSpectrum .u-baseColor--link {color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.9490196078431372) !important;}
.u-imageSpectrum .u-baseColor--link.link--darkenOnHover:hover {color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1) !important;}
.u-imageSpectrum .u-baseColor--link.link--darken:hover,.u-imageSpectrum .u-baseColor--link.link--darken:focus,.u-imageSpectrum .u-baseColor--link.link--darken:active {color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1) !important;}
.u-imageSpectrum .u-baseColor--link.link--dark {color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1) !important;}
.u-imageSpectrum .u-baseColor--link.link--dark.link--darken:hover,.u-imageSpectrum .u-baseColor--link.link--dark.link--darken:focus,.u-imageSpectrum .u-baseColor--link.link--dark.link--darken:active {color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1) !important;}
.u-imageSpectrum .u-baseColor--link.link--darker {color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1) !important;}
.u-imageSpectrum .u-baseColor--placeholderNormal ::-webkit-input-placeholder {color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.8);}
.u-imageSpectrum .u-baseColor--placeholderNormal ::-moz-placeholder {color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.8);}
.u-imageSpectrum .u-baseColor--placeholderNormal :-ms-input-placeholder {color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.8);}
.u-imageSpectrum .svgIcon--logoNew path:nth-child(1) {stroke: none !important; fill: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.4) !important;}
.u-imageSpectrum .svgIcon--logoNew path:nth-child(2) {stroke: none !important; fill: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.4980392156862745) !important;}
.u-imageSpectrum .svgIcon--logoNew path:nth-child(3) {stroke: none !important; fill: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.6980392156862745) !important;}
.u-imageSpectrum .svgIcon--logoNew path:nth-child(4) {stroke: none !important; fill: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.8980392156862745) !important;}
.u-imageSpectrum .svgIcon--logoWordmark {stroke: none !important; fill: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1) !important;}
.u-imageSpectrum .svgIcon--logoMonogram {stroke: none !important; fill: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1) !important;}
.u-imageSpectrum  .ui-h1,.u-imageSpectrum  .ui-h2,.u-imageSpectrum  .ui-h3,.u-imageSpectrum  .ui-h4,.u-imageSpectrum  .ui-brand1,.u-imageSpectrum  .ui-brand2,.u-imageSpectrum  .ui-captionStrong {color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1) !important; fill: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1) !important;}
.u-imageSpectrum  .ui-body,.u-imageSpectrum  .ui-caps {color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1) !important; fill: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1) !important;}
.u-imageSpectrum  .ui-summary,.u-imageSpectrum  .ui-caption {color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.8) !important; fill: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.8) !important;}
.u-imageSpectrum .u-accentColor--borderLight {border-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.6980392156862745) !important;}
.u-imageSpectrum .u-accentColor--borderNormal {border-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.8980392156862745) !important;}
.u-imageSpectrum .u-accentColor--borderDark {border-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.9490196078431372) !important;}
.u-imageSpectrum .u-accentColor--iconLight .svgIcon,.u-imageSpectrum .u-accentColor--iconLight.svgIcon {fill: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.8) !important;}
.u-imageSpectrum .u-accentColor--iconNormal .svgIcon,.u-imageSpectrum .u-accentColor--iconNormal.svgIcon {fill: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.9490196078431372) !important;}
.u-imageSpectrum .u-accentColor--iconDark .svgIcon,.u-imageSpectrum .u-accentColor--iconDark.svgIcon {fill: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1) !important;}
.u-imageSpectrum .u-accentColor--textNormal {color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.9490196078431372) !important;}
.u-imageSpectrum .u-accentColor--hoverTextNormal:hover {color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.9490196078431372) !important;}
.u-imageSpectrum .u-accentColor--textNormal.u-accentColor--textDarken:hover {color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1) !important;}
.u-imageSpectrum .u-accentColor--textDark {color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1) !important;}
.u-imageSpectrum .u-accentColor--backgroundLight {background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.8980392156862745) !important;}
.u-imageSpectrum .u-accentColor--backgroundNormal {background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.9490196078431372) !important;}
.u-imageSpectrum .u-accentColor--backgroundDark {background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1) !important;}
.u-imageSpectrum .u-accentColor--buttonDark {border-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.9490196078431372) !important; color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1) !important;}
.u-imageSpectrum .u-accentColor--buttonDark:hover {border-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1) !important;}
.u-imageSpectrum .u-accentColor--buttonDark .icon:before,.u-imageSpectrum .u-accentColor--buttonDark .svgIcon{color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1) !important; fill: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1) !important;}
.u-imageSpectrum .u-accentColor--buttonNormal:not(.clapButton--largePill) {border-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.8980392156862745) !important; color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.9490196078431372) !important;}
.u-imageSpectrum .u-accentColor--buttonNormal:hover {border-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.9490196078431372) !important;}
.u-imageSpectrum .u-accentColor--buttonNormal .icon:before,.u-imageSpectrum .u-accentColor--buttonNormal .svgIcon{color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.9490196078431372) !important; fill: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.9490196078431372) !important;}
.u-imageSpectrum .u-accentColor--buttonNormal.button--filled .icon:before,.u-imageSpectrum .u-accentColor--buttonNormal.button--filled .svgIcon{color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.24705882352941178) !important; fill: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.24705882352941178) !important;}
.u-imageSpectrum .u-accentColor--buttonDark.button--filled,.u-imageSpectrum .u-accentColor--buttonDark.button--withChrome.is-active,.u-imageSpectrum .u-accentColor--fillWhenActive.is-active {background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1) !important; border-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.24705882352941178) !important; fill: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.24705882352941178) !important;}
.u-imageSpectrum .u-accentColor--buttonNormal.button--filled:not(.clapButton--largePill),.u-imageSpectrum .u-accentColor--buttonNormal.button--withChrome.is-active:not(.clapButton--largePill) {background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.9490196078431372) !important; border-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.9490196078431372) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.24705882352941178) !important; fill: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.24705882352941178) !important;}
.u-imageSpectrum .postArticle.is-withAccentColors .markup--user,.u-imageSpectrum .postArticle.is-withAccentColors .markup--query {color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.9490196078431372) !important;}
.u-imageSpectrum .u-accentColor--highlightFaint {background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.2) !important;}
.u-imageSpectrum .u-accentColor--highlightStrong.is-active .svgIcon {fill: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.6) !important;}
.postArticle.is-withAccentColors .u-imageSpectrum .markup--quote.is-other {background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.2) !important;}
body.is-withMagicUnderlines .postArticle.is-withAccentColors .u-imageSpectrum .markup--quote.is-other {background-color: transparent !important; background-image: linear-gradient(to bottom, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.2), rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.2));}
.postArticle.is-withAccentColors .u-imageSpectrum .markup--quote.is-me {background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.4) !important;}
body.is-withMagicUnderlines .postArticle.is-withAccentColors .u-imageSpectrum .markup--quote.is-me {background-color: transparent !important; background-image: linear-gradient(to bottom, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.4), rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.4));}
.postArticle.is-withAccentColors .u-imageSpectrum .markup--quote.is-targeted {background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.6) !important;}
body.is-withMagicUnderlines .postArticle.is-withAccentColors .u-imageSpectrum .markup--quote.is-targeted {background-color: transparent !important; background-image: linear-gradient(to bottom, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.6), rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.6));}
.postArticle.is-withAccentColors .u-imageSpectrum .markup--quote.is-selected {background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.6) !important;}
body.is-withMagicUnderlines .postArticle.is-withAccentColors .u-imageSpectrum .markup--quote.is-selected {background-color: transparent !important; background-image: linear-gradient(to bottom, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.6), rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.6));}
.postArticle.is-withAccentColors .u-imageSpectrum .markup--highlight {background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.6) !important;}
body.is-withMagicUnderlines .postArticle.is-withAccentColors .u-imageSpectrum .markup--highlight {background-color: transparent !important; background-image: linear-gradient(to bottom, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.6), rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.6));}.u-resetSpectrum .u-tintBgColor {background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1) !important;}.u-resetSpectrum .u-tintBgColor .u-fadeLeft:before {background-image: linear-gradient(to right, rgba(255, 255, 255, 1) 0%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0) 100%) !important;}.u-resetSpectrum .u-tintBgColor .u-fadeRight:after {background-image: linear-gradient(to right, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0) 0%, rgba(255, 255, 255, 1) 100%) !important;}
.u-resetSpectrum .u-baseColor--borderLight {border-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2980392156862745) !important;}
.u-resetSpectrum .u-baseColor--borderNormal {border-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4980392156862745) !important;}
.u-resetSpectrum .u-baseColor--borderDark {border-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.6) !important;}
.u-resetSpectrum .u-baseColor--iconLight .svgIcon,.u-resetSpectrum .u-baseColor--iconLight.svgIcon {fill: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2980392156862745) !important;}
.u-resetSpectrum .u-baseColor--iconNormal .svgIcon,.u-resetSpectrum .u-baseColor--iconNormal.svgIcon {fill: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4980392156862745) !important;}
.u-resetSpectrum .u-baseColor--iconDark .svgIcon,.u-resetSpectrum .u-baseColor--iconDark.svgIcon {fill: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.6) !important;}
.u-resetSpectrum .u-baseColor--textNormal {color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4980392156862745) !important;}
.u-resetSpectrum .u-baseColor--textNormal.u-baseColor--textDarken:hover {color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.6) !important;}
.u-resetSpectrum .u-baseColor--textDark {color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.6) !important;}
.u-resetSpectrum .u-baseColor--textDarker {color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.8) !important;}
.u-resetSpectrum .u-baseColor--backgroundLight {background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.09803921568627451) !important;}
.u-resetSpectrum .u-baseColor--backgroundNormal {background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2) !important;}
.u-resetSpectrum .u-baseColor--backgroundDark {background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2980392156862745) !important;}
.u-resetSpectrum .u-baseColor--buttonLight {border-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2980392156862745) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2980392156862745) !important;}
.u-resetSpectrum .u-baseColor--buttonLight:hover {border-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2980392156862745) !important;}
.u-resetSpectrum .u-baseColor--buttonLight .icon:before,.u-resetSpectrum .u-baseColor--buttonLight .svgIcon {color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2980392156862745) !important; fill: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2980392156862745) !important;}
.u-resetSpectrum .u-baseColor--buttonDark {border-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.6) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.6) !important;}
.u-resetSpectrum .u-baseColor--buttonDark:hover {border-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.8) !important;}
.u-resetSpectrum .u-baseColor--buttonDark .icon:before,.u-resetSpectrum .u-baseColor--buttonDark .svgIcon {color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.6) !important; fill: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.6) !important;}
.u-resetSpectrum .u-baseColor--buttonNormal {border-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4980392156862745) !important; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4980392156862745) !important;}
.u-resetSpectrum .u-baseColor--buttonNormal:hover {border-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.6) !important;}
.u-resetSpectrum .u-baseColor--buttonNormal .icon:before,.u-resetSpectrum .u-baseColor--buttonNormal .svgIcon {color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4980392156862745) !important; fill: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4980392156862745) !important;}
.u-resetSpectrum .u-baseColor--buttonDark.button--filled,.u-resetSpectrum .u-baseColor--buttonDark.button--withChrome.is-active {background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2980392156862745) !important; border-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2980392156862745) !important; color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1) !important; fill: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1) !important;}
.u-resetSpectrum .u-baseColor--buttonNormal.button--filled,.u-resetSpectrum .u-baseColor--buttonNormal.button--withChrome.is-active {background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2) !important; border-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2) !important; color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1) !important; fill: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1) !important;}
.u-resetSpectrum .u-baseColor--link {color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4980392156862745) !important;}
.u-resetSpectrum .u-baseColor--link.link--darkenOnHover:hover {color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.6) !important;}
.u-resetSpectrum .u-baseColor--link.link--darken:hover,.u-resetSpectrum .u-baseColor--link.link--darken:focus,.u-resetSpectrum .u-baseColor--link.link--darken:active {color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.6) !important;}
.u-resetSpectrum .u-baseColor--link.link--dark {color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.6) !important;}
.u-resetSpectrum .u-baseColor--link.link--dark.link--darken:hover,.u-resetSpectrum .u-baseColor--link.link--dark.link--darken:focus,.u-resetSpectrum .u-baseColor--link.link--dark.link--darken:active {color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.8) !important;}
.u-resetSpectrum .u-baseColor--link.link--darker {color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.8) !important;}
.u-resetSpectrum .u-baseColor--placeholderNormal ::-webkit-input-placeholder {color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2980392156862745);}
.u-resetSpectrum .u-baseColor--placeholderNormal ::-moz-placeholder {color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2980392156862745);}
.u-resetSpectrum .u-baseColor--placeholderNormal :-ms-input-placeholder {color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2980392156862745);}
.u-resetSpectrum .svgIcon--logoNew path:nth-child(1) {stroke: none !important; fill: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2) !important;}
.u-resetSpectrum .svgIcon--logoNew path:nth-child(2) {stroke: none !important; fill: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2980392156862745) !important;}
.u-resetSpectrum .svgIcon--logoNew path:nth-child(3) {stroke: none !important; fill: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4) !important;}
.u-resetSpectrum .svgIcon--logoNew path:nth-child(4) {stroke: none !important; fill: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4980392156862745) !important;}
.u-resetSpectrum .svgIcon--logoWordmark {stroke: none !important; fill: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.6) !important;}
.u-resetSpectrum .svgIcon--logoMonogram {stroke: none !important; fill: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.6) !important;}
.u-resetSpectrum  .ui-h1,.u-resetSpectrum  .ui-h2,.u-resetSpectrum  .ui-h3,.u-resetSpectrum  .ui-h4,.u-resetSpectrum  .ui-brand1,.u-resetSpectrum  .ui-brand2,.u-resetSpectrum  .ui-captionStrong {color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.8) !important; fill: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.8) !important;}
.u-resetSpectrum  .ui-body,.u-resetSpectrum  .ui-caps {color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.6) !important; fill: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.6) !important;}
.u-resetSpectrum  .ui-summary,.u-resetSpectrum  .ui-caption {color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2980392156862745) !important; fill: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2980392156862745) !important;}
.u-resetSpectrum .u-accentColor--borderLight {border-color: rgba(2, 184, 117, 1) !important;}
.u-resetSpectrum .u-accentColor--borderNormal {border-color: rgba(2, 184, 117, 1) !important;}
.u-resetSpectrum .u-accentColor--borderDark {border-color: rgba(0, 171, 107, 1) !important;}
.u-resetSpectrum .u-accentColor--iconLight .svgIcon,.u-resetSpectrum .u-accentColor--iconLight.svgIcon {fill: rgba(2, 184, 117, 1) !important;}
.u-resetSpectrum .u-accentColor--iconNormal .svgIcon,.u-resetSpectrum .u-accentColor--iconNormal.svgIcon {fill: rgba(0, 171, 107, 1) !important;}
.u-resetSpectrum .u-accentColor--iconDark .svgIcon,.u-resetSpectrum .u-accentColor--iconDark.svgIcon {fill: rgba(28, 153, 99, 1) !important;}
.u-resetSpectrum .u-accentColor--textNormal {color: rgba(0, 171, 107, 1) !important;}
.u-resetSpectrum .u-accentColor--hoverTextNormal:hover {color: rgba(0, 171, 107, 1) !important;}
.u-resetSpectrum .u-accentColor--textNormal.u-accentColor--textDarken:hover {color: rgba(28, 153, 99, 1) !important;}
.u-resetSpectrum .u-accentColor--textDark {color: rgba(28, 153, 99, 1) !important;}
.u-resetSpectrum .u-accentColor--backgroundLight {background-color: rgba(2, 184, 117, 1) !important;}
.u-resetSpectrum .u-accentColor--backgroundNormal {background-color: rgba(0, 171, 107, 1) !important;}
.u-resetSpectrum .u-accentColor--backgroundDark {background-color: rgba(28, 153, 99, 1) !important;}
.u-resetSpectrum .u-accentColor--buttonDark {border-color: rgba(0, 171, 107, 1) !important; color: rgba(28, 153, 99, 1) !important;}
.u-resetSpectrum .u-accentColor--buttonDark:hover {border-color: rgba(28, 153, 99, 1) !important;}
.u-resetSpectrum .u-accentColor--buttonDark .icon:before,.u-resetSpectrum .u-accentColor--buttonDark .svgIcon{color: rgba(28, 153, 99, 1) !important; fill: rgba(28, 153, 99, 1) !important;}
.u-resetSpectrum .u-accentColor--buttonNormal:not(.clapButton--largePill) {border-color: rgba(2, 184, 117, 1) !important; color: rgba(0, 171, 107, 1) !important;}
.u-resetSpectrum .u-accentColor--buttonNormal:hover {border-color: rgba(0, 171, 107, 1) !important;}
.u-resetSpectrum .u-accentColor--buttonNormal .icon:before,.u-resetSpectrum .u-accentColor--buttonNormal .svgIcon{color: rgba(0, 171, 107, 1) !important; fill: rgba(0, 171, 107, 1) !important;}
.u-resetSpectrum .u-accentColor--buttonNormal.button--filled .icon:before,.u-resetSpectrum .u-accentColor--buttonNormal.button--filled .svgIcon{color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1) !important; fill: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1) !important;}
.u-resetSpectrum .u-accentColor--buttonDark.button--filled,.u-resetSpectrum .u-accentColor--buttonDark.button--withChrome.is-active,.u-resetSpectrum .u-accentColor--fillWhenActive.is-active {background-color: rgba(28, 153, 99, 1) !important; border-color: rgba(28, 153, 99, 1) !important; color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1) !important; fill: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1) !important;}
.u-resetSpectrum .u-accentColor--buttonNormal.button--filled:not(.clapButton--largePill),.u-resetSpectrum .u-accentColor--buttonNormal.button--withChrome.is-active:not(.clapButton--largePill) {background-color: rgba(0, 171, 107, 1) !important; border-color: rgba(0, 171, 107, 1) !important; color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1) !important; fill: rgba(255, 255, 255, 1) !important;}
.u-resetSpectrum .postArticle.is-withAccentColors .markup--user,.u-resetSpectrum .postArticle.is-withAccentColors .markup--query {color: rgba(0, 171, 107, 1) !important;}</style></div></div></div><div class="loadingBar"></div><script>// <![CDATA[
window["obvInit"] = function (opt_embedded) {window["obvInit"]["embedded"] = opt_embedded; window["obvInit"]["ready"] = true;}
// ]]></script><script>// <![CDATA[
var GLOBALS = {"audioUrl":"https://d1fcbxp97j4nb2.cloudfront.net","baseUrl":"https://civicskunk.works","buildLabel":"32622-518d6ae","currentUser":{"userId":"lo_DAOln8qLGmAu","isVerified":false,"subscriberEmail":"","hasPastMemberships":false,"isEnrolledInHightower":false,"isEligibleForHightower":false,"hightowerLastLockedAt":0},"currentUserHasUnverifiedEmail":false,"isAuthenticated":false,"isCurrentUserVerified":false,"mediumTwitterScreenName":"medium","miroUrl":"https://cdn-images-1.medium.com","moduleUrls":{"base":"https://cdn-static-1.medium.com/_/fp/gen-js/main-base.bundle.nrW6tpdILEZhePtrJ0pHGg.js","common-async":"https://cdn-static-1.medium.com/_/fp/gen-js/main-common-async.bundle.SE4UC1BeB-mzSxMKcRmBKA.js","hightower":"https://cdn-static-1.medium.com/_/fp/gen-js/main-hightower.bundle.JOPsOLtp5rIR4WlyzBhwWA.js","home-screens":"https://cdn-static-1.medium.com/_/fp/gen-js/main-home-screens.bundle.K8q4FVZMKXlmIVIdvNgdog.js","misc-screens":"https://cdn-static-1.medium.com/_/fp/gen-js/main-misc-screens.bundle.NSu8pWy8NdTuVsy6CqZILA.js","notes":"https://cdn-static-1.medium.com/_/fp/gen-js/main-notes.bundle.GzdYiMH2a3xVqHpRElapCQ.js","payments":"https://cdn-static-1.medium.com/_/fp/gen-js/main-payments.bundle.-U74QgqraY1pCu6laDfjYw.js","posters":"https://cdn-static-1.medium.com/_/fp/gen-js/main-posters.bundle.KHTskmImBIeDos-qouN-FA.js","power-readers":"https://cdn-static-1.medium.com/_/fp/gen-js/main-power-readers.bundle.OHJaguz-DSAMJr__FgWU1g.js","pubs":"https://cdn-static-1.medium.com/_/fp/gen-js/main-pubs.bundle.Rm4TTkV-WxRVhkqwQ6YXqg.js","stats":"https://cdn-static-1.medium.com/_/fp/gen-js/main-stats.bundle.m8bc51OqgsxgLQXpF1lVLw.js"},"previewConfig":{"weightThreshold":1,"weightImageParagraph":0.51,"weightIframeParagraph":0.8,"weightTextParagraph":0.08,"weightEmptyParagraph":0,"weightP":0.003,"weightH":0.005,"weightBq":0.003,"minPTextLength":60,"truncateBoundaryChars":20,"detectTitle":true,"detectTitleLevThreshold":0.15},"productName":"Medium","supportsEdit":false,"termsUrl":"//medium.com/policy/9db0094a1e0f","textshotHost":"textshot.medium.com","transactionId":"1518564113644:86067060218","useragent":{"browser":"python requests","family":"","os":"","version":2.1,"supportsDesktopEdit":false,"supportsInteract":false,"supportsView":true,"isMobile":false,"isTablet":false,"isNative":false,"supportsFileAPI":false,"isTier1":false,"clientVersion":"","unknownParagraphsBad":false,"clientChannel":"","supportsRealScrollEvents":false,"supportsVhUnits":false,"ruinsViewportSections":false,"supportsHtml5Video":false,"supportsMagicUnderlines":false,"isWebView":false,"isFacebookWebView":false,"supportsProgressiveMedia":false,"supportsPromotedPosts":true,"isBot":false,"isNativeIphone":false,"supportsCssVariables":false,"supportsVideoSections":true,"emojiSupportLevel":1,"isSearchBot":false,"supportsScrollableMetabar":false},"variants":{"allow_access":true,"allow_signup":true,"allow_test_auth":"disallow","signin_services":"twitter,facebook,google,email,google-fastidv","signup_services":"twitter,facebook,google,email,google-fastidv","android_rating_prompt_recommend_threshold":5,"google_sign_in_android":true,"reengagement_notification_duration":3,"browsable_stream_config_bucket":"universal-nav-bar","enable_series_creation":true,"enable_your_series_pages":true,"enable_productionized_series":true,"enable_dedicated_series_tab_api_ios":true,"enable_clap_milestone_notifications":true,"enable_series_stats_page":true,"enable_post_import":true,"enable_sponsored_post_labelling":true,"enable_logged_in_follow_on_collection_post":true,"enable_export_members":true,"enable_series_card_background_creation":true,"available_monthly_plan":"60e220181034","available_annual_plan":"2c754bcc2995","enable_sms":true,"is_not_medium_subscriber":true,"disable_followed_tag_fan_out":true,"enable_emoji_in_editor":true,"enable_glyph":true,"glyph_font_set":"m2","enable_branding":true,"enable_branding_fonts":true,"enable_branding_buttons":true,"enable_sequence_carousel":true,"enable_multirecommends":true,"enable_view_new_collection_writers_manager":true,"enable_user_post_metering":true,"max_premium_content_per_user_under_metering":3,"tag_intercom_user_on_metering_count":3,"enable_topic_writer_onboarding":true,"enable_algolia_search_reporting":true,"enable_strong_graph_chp_reorder":true,"enable_unsplash_images":true,"enable_top_stories_for_you":true,"enable_ios_member_post_labeling":true,"enable_featured_hero":true,"enable_li_search_collection":true,"enable_revamped_nav_bar":true,"enable_audio_playlists":true,"enable_homepage_remodel":true,"enable_platform_934_loading":true,"enable_standalone_profile_edit_page":true,"enable_standalone_user_follow_pages":true,"enable_post_footer_copy":true,"enable_february_awareness_email_campaign":true,"app_download_email_template":"control","enable_bloomd_double_write":true,"enable_bloomd_sharding":true,"enable_hack_series_web":true,"disable_digest_deep_social_provider":true,"enable_logged_in_payment_flow_membership_lp":true,"enable_paypal_option":true,"enable_digest_presentation_data_collection":true,"enable_new_source_for_new_from_your_network":true,"enable_moc_insertion_digest":true,"enable_marketing_emails":true},"xsrfToken":"","iosAppId":"828256236","supportEmail":"yourfriends@medium.com","fp":{"/icons/monogram-mask.svg":"https://cdn-static-1.medium.com/_/fp/icons/monogram-mask.KPLCSFEZviQN0jQ7veN2RQ.svg","/icons/favicon-dev-editor.ico":"https://cdn-static-1.medium.com/_/fp/icons/favicon-dev-editor.YKKRxBO8EMvIqhyCwIiJeQ.ico","/icons/favicon-hatch-editor.ico":"https://cdn-static-1.medium.com/_/fp/icons/favicon-hatch-editor.BuEyHIqlyh2s_XEk4Rl32Q.ico","/icons/favicon-medium-editor.ico":"https://cdn-static-1.medium.com/_/fp/icons/favicon-medium-editor.PiakrZWB7Yb80quUVQWM6g.ico"},"authBaseUrl":"https://medium.com","imageUploadSizeMb":25,"isAuthDomainRequest":false,"domainCollectionSlug":"civic-skunk-works","algoliaApiEndpoint":"https://MQ57UUUQZ2-dsn.algolia.net","algoliaAppId":"MQ57UUUQZ2","algoliaSearchOnlyApiKey":"394474ced050e3911ae2249ecc774921","iosAppStoreUrl":"https://itunes.apple.com/app/medium-everyones-stories/id828256236?pt=698524&mt=8","iosAppLinkBaseUrl":"medium:","algoliaIndexPrefix":"medium_","androidPlayStoreUrl":"https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.medium.reader","googleClientId":"216296035834-k1k6qe060s2tp2a2jam4ljdcms00sttg.apps.googleusercontent.com","androidPackage":"com.medium.reader","androidPlayStoreMarketScheme":"market://details?id=com.medium.reader","googleAuthUri":"https://accounts.google.com/o/oauth2/auth","androidScheme":"medium","layoutData":{"useDynamicScripts":false,"googleAnalyticsTrackingCode":"UA-24232453-2","jsShivUrl":"https://cdn-static-1.medium.com/_/fp/js/shiv.RI2ePTZ5gFmMgLzG5bEVAA.js","useDynamicCss":false,"faviconUrl":"https://cdn-static-1.medium.com/_/fp/icons/favicon-rebrand-medium.3Y6xpZ-0FSdWDnPM3hSBIA.ico","faviconImageId":"1*8I-HPL0bfoIzGied-dzOvA.png","fontSets":[{"id":8,"url":"https://glyph.medium.com/css/e/sr/latin/e/ssr/latin/e/ssb/latin/m2.css"},{"id":9,"url":"https://glyph.medium.com/css/mkt.css"},{"id":10,"url":"https://glyph.medium.com/css/elv8.css"}],"editorFaviconUrl":"https://cdn-static-1.medium.com/_/fp/icons/favicon-rebrand-medium-editor.3Y6xpZ-0FSdWDnPM3hSBIA.ico","glyphUrl":"https://glyph.medium.com"},"authBaseUrlRev":"moc.muidem//:sptth","isDnt":false,"stripePublishableKey":"pk_live_7FReX44VnNIInZwrIIx6ghjl","archiveUploadSizeMb":100,"paymentData":{"currencies":{"1":{"label":"US Dollar","external":"usd"}},"countries":{"1":{"label":"United States of America","external":"US"}},"accountTypes":{"1":{"label":"Individual","external":"individual"},"2":{"label":"Company","external":"company"}}},"previewConfig2":{"weightThreshold":1,"weightImageParagraph":0.05,"raiseImage":true,"enforceHeaderHierarchy":true,"isImageInsetRight":true},"isAmp":false,"iosScheme":"medium","isSwBoot":false,"lightstep":{"accessToken":"ce5be895bef60919541332990ac9fef2","carrier":"{\"ot-tracer-spanid\":\"6b665161584a4da3\",\"ot-tracer-traceid\":\"66c26f25235866cd\",\"ot-tracer-sampled\":\"true\"}","host":"collector-medium.lightstep.com"},"facebook":{"key":"542599432471018","namespace":"medium-com","scope":{"default":["public_profile","email","user_friends"],"connect":["public_profile","email","user_friends"],"login":["public_profile","email","user_friends"],"share":["public_profile","email","user_friends","publish_actions"]}},"mailingListArchiveUploadSizeMb":2,"editorsPicksTopicId":"3985d2a191c5","popularOnMediumTopicId":"9d34e48ecf94","memberContentTopicId":"13d7efd82fb2","audioContentTopicId":"3792abbd134","brandedSequenceId":"7d337ddf1941","isDoNotAuth":false,"goldfinchUrl":"https://goldfinch.medium.com","buggle":{"url":"https://buggle.medium.com","videoUrl":"https://cdn-videos-1.medium.com","audioUrl":"https://cdn-audio-1.medium.com"},"referrerType":5,"isMeteredOut":false,"meterConfig":{"maxUnlockCount":3,"windowLength":"MONTHLY"},"partnerProgramEmail":"partnerprogram@medium.com","userResearchPrompts":[{"promptId":"lo_post_page_4","type":0,"url":"www.calendly.com"},{"promptId":"lo_home_page","type":1,"url":"www.calendly.com"},{"promptId":"lo_profile_page","type":2,"url":"www.calendly.com"}],"recaptchaKey":"6LdAokEUAAAAAC7seICd4vtC8chDb3jIXDQulyUJ","paypalClientMode":"production","signinWallCustomDomainCollectionIds":["3a8144eabfe3"]}
// ]]></script><script charset="UTF-8" src="https://cdn-static-1.medium.com/_/fp/gen-js/main-base.bundle.nrW6tpdILEZhePtrJ0pHGg.js" async></script><script>// <![CDATA[
window["obvInit"]({"value":{"id":"4a9f89c3967","versionId":"93b524f2150b","creatorId":"5787c4eaaaa9","creator":{"userId":"5787c4eaaaa9","name":"Paul Constant","username":"paulconstant","createdAt":1355164537958,"lastPostCreatedAt":1518131568844,"imageId":"1*0zVCWsigjLr5tasnuFpdFg.jpeg","backgroundImageId":"","bio":"Political writer at Civic Ventures. Co-founder of the Seattle Review of Books.","twitterScreenName":"paulconstant","socialStats":{"userId":"5787c4eaaaa9","usersFollowedCount":356,"usersFollowedByCount":4310,"type":"SocialStats"},"social":{"userId":"lo_DAOln8qLGmAu","targetUserId":"5787c4eaaaa9","type":"Social"},"facebookAccountId":"","allowNotes":1,"isNsfw":false,"type":"User"},"homeCollection":{"id":"cee6d3abe166","name":"Civic Skunk Works","slug":"civic-skunk-works","tags":["ECONOMICS","POLITICS","MINIMUM WAGE","LABOR"],"creatorId":"5787c4eaaaa9","description":"Because conventional wisdom stinks.","shortDescription":"Because conventional wisdom stinks.","image":{"imageId":"1*2SAJmer4BBrGDIHNPCXDWA.png","filter":"","backgroundSize":"","originalWidth":500,"originalHeight":500,"strategy":"resample","height":0,"width":0},"metadata":{"followerCount":3430,"activeAt":1518203549030},"virtuals":{"permissions":{"canPublish":false,"canPublishAll":false,"canRepublish":false,"canRemove":false,"canManageAll":false,"canSubmit":false,"canEditPosts":false,"canAddWriters":false,"canViewStats":false,"canSendNewsletter":false,"canViewLockedPosts":false,"canViewCloaked":false,"canEditOwnPosts":false,"canBeAssignedAuthor":false,"canEnrollInHightower":false,"canLockPostsForMediumMembers":false},"isSubscribed":false,"isNewsletterSubscribed":false,"memberOfMembershipPlanId":"","isEnrolledInHightower":false,"isEligibleForHightower":true},"logo":{"imageId":"1*gzteNMm9n8vOOT5cljSZuQ.jpeg","filter":"","backgroundSize":"","originalWidth":600,"originalHeight":72,"strategy":"resample","height":0,"width":0},"twitterUsername":"civicskunkworks","facebookPageName":"CivicSkunkWorks","publicEmail":"cass@civic-ventures.com","domain":"civicskunk.works","sections":[{"type":2,"collectionHeaderMetadata":{"backgroundImage":{},"logoImage":{"id":"1*l0d_L-LwBlX58RftQzEExw@2x.png","originalWidth":4167,"originalHeight":1250,"alt":"Civic Skunk Works"},"alignment":1,"layout":6}},{"type":1,"postListMetadata":{"source":1,"layout":2,"number":25,"postIds":[]}},{"type":1,"postListMetadata":{"source":2,"layout":4,"number":3,"postIds":[],"sectionHeader":"Trending"}}],"tintColor":"#FFFFCF14","lightText":false,"favicon":{"imageId":"1*6yiG8vGYnBzY8pmWBn0ELw.png","filter":"","backgroundSize":"","originalWidth":200,"originalHeight":200,"strategy":"resample","height":0,"width":0},"colorPalette":{"defaultBackgroundSpectrum":{"colorPoints":[{"color":"#FFA67D00","point":0},{"color":"#FF9A7500","point":0.1},{"color":"#FF8D6C00","point":0.2},{"color":"#FF816300","point":0.3},{"color":"#FF745A00","point":0.4},{"color":"#FF675100","point":0.5},{"color":"#FF5A4700","point":0.6},{"color":"#FF4C3C02","point":0.7},{"color":"#FF3E3104","point":0.8},{"color":"#FF2F2605","point":0.9},{"color":"#FF201903","point":1}],"backgroundColor":"#FFFFFFFF"},"tintBackgroundSpectrum":{"colorPoints":[{"color":"#FFFFCF14","point":0},{"color":"#FFF1C200","point":0.1},{"color":"#FFE2B400","point":0.2},{"color":"#FFD3A600","point":0.3},{"color":"#FFC49800","point":0.4},{"color":"#FFB48A00","point":0.5},{"color":"#FFA47B00","point":0.6},{"color":"#FF936C00","point":0.7},{"color":"#FF815C00","point":0.8},{"color":"#FF6F4B00","point":0.9},{"color":"#FF5A3A00","point":1}],"backgroundColor":"#FFFFCF14"},"highlightSpectrum":{"colorPoints":[{"color":"#FFFFF1C1","point":0},{"color":"#FFFFEFB7","point":0.1},{"color":"#FFFFEDAC","point":0.2},{"color":"#FFFFEBA2","point":0.3},{"color":"#FFFFE997","point":0.4},{"color":"#FFFFE78D","point":0.5},{"color":"#FFFFE482","point":0.6},{"color":"#FFFFE278","point":0.7},{"color":"#FFFFDF6D","point":0.8},{"color":"#FFFFDD62","point":0.9},{"color":"#FFFFDB56","point":1}],"backgroundColor":"#FFFFFFFF"}},"navItems":[],"colorBehavior":1,"instantArticlesState":0,"acceleratedMobilePagesState":0,"ampLogo":{"imageId":"","filter":"","backgroundSize":"","originalWidth":0,"originalHeight":0,"strategy":"resample","height":0,"width":0},"header":{"backgroundImage":{},"logoImage":{"id":"1*l0d_L-LwBlX58RftQzEExw@2x.png","originalWidth":4167,"originalHeight":1250,"alt":"Civic Skunk Works"},"alignment":1,"layout":6},"type":"Collection"},"homeCollectionId":"cee6d3abe166","title":"Hurricane Harvey and the Failure of the Free Market","detectedLanguage":"en","latestVersion":"93b524f2150b","latestPublishedVersion":"93b524f2150b","hasUnpublishedEdits":false,"latestRev":528,"createdAt":1504036253345,"updatedAt":1516172417662,"acceptedAt":0,"firstPublishedAt":1504042770437,"latestPublishedAt":1504042770437,"vote":false,"experimentalCss":"","displayAuthor":"","content":{"subtitle":"When you argue that selling $99 cases of bottled water in a disaster area is a good thing, you need to reinvestigate your humanity.","bodyModel":{"paragraphs":[{"name":"171e","type":4,"text":"Please donate to victims of Hurricane Harvey.","markups":[{"type":3,"start":0,"end":45,"href":"https://www.nytimes.com/2017/08/28/us/donate-harvey-charities-scams.html?mcubz=0","title":"","rel":"","anchorType":0}],"layout":1,"metadata":{"id":"1*MPJaj1hm26mRw81B_V7ZRA.png","originalWidth":951,"originalHeight":670}},{"name":"ead9","type":3,"text":"Hurricane Harvey and the Failure of the Free Market","markups":[]},{"name":"42a1","type":13,"text":"When you argue that selling $99 cases of bottled water in a disaster area is a good thing, you need to reinvestigate your humanity.","markups":[]},{"name":"2d6e","type":1,"text":"Two days ago, libertarian-leaning Forbes blogger Tim Worstall published a post titled “Hurricane Harvey Is When We Need Price Gouging, Not Laws Against It.” I would link to the story, but Forbes seems to have pulled it after the post received tremendous blowback from people who were outraged by Worstall’s pro-price-gauging post.","markups":[{"type":2,"start":34,"end":40},{"type":2,"start":188,"end":194}]},{"name":"ff72","type":1,"text":"Luckily, because mistakes live forever on the internet, you can read a cache of the article. Worstall explains why he thinks businesses should be able to raise prices on goods and services when disaster strikes. He suggests that when prices go up during a disaster, the people who need the goods and services the most will get them because they’ll be most willing to pay the inflated prices. And the high prices will encourage others to deliver goods and services to the region in the most efficient manner possible, so they can get a cut of those giant profits. He writes:","markups":[{"type":3,"start":56,"end":91,"href":"https://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache%3AVVRXfy0RvlUJ%3Ahttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.forbes.com%2Fsites%2Ftimworstall%2F2017%2F08%2F27%2Fhurricane-harvey-is-when-we-need-price-gouging-not-laws-against-it%2F+&cd=1&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=us","title":"","rel":"","anchorType":0}]},{"name":"6c9a","type":6,"text":"Floods could, for example, knock out the municipal water supply, leaving people needing bottled water. So relative to the available supply demand has risen. We now need some method of rationing that limited and scarce supply over that increased demand. Rationing by price is always the efficient way of doing this.","markups":[]},{"name":"6ce3","type":1,"text":"So these images of a Houston Best Buy selling water for exorbitant sums of money is the kind of “efficient” solution Worstall believes the market provides during a disaster:","markups":[]},{"name":"b8da","type":11,"text":"","markups":[],"layout":1,"iframe":{"mediaResourceId":"64500896af6a950062fd3a9bae8ca37a","iframeWidth":500,"iframeHeight":185,"thumbnailUrl":"https://i.embed.ly/1/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fpbs.twimg.com%2Fmedia%2FDIa0OE0UMAAdVS8.jpg%3Alarge&key=a19fcc184b9711e1b4764040d3dc5c07"}},{"name":"b5ed","type":1,"text":"What Worstall doesn’t address, though, is what happens when someone simply can’t afford that high price of bottled water? Our old friend Invictus asked Worstall just that question on Twitter:","markups":[{"type":2,"start":14,"end":21}]},{"name":"0179","type":11,"text":"","markups":[],"layout":1,"iframe":{"mediaResourceId":"796a99119060925887289ae2f397aae7","iframeWidth":500,"iframeHeight":185,"thumbnailUrl":"https://i.embed.ly/1/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fpbs.twimg.com%2Fprofile_images%2F868987274662297600%2F8MbgeOtV_400x400.jpg&key=a19fcc184b9711e1b4764040d3dc5c07"}},{"name":"b189","type":1,"text":"Invictus repeatedly asked Worstall the question, and Worstall tried mightily to parse his way out of it. At one point, he claimed that “We’re not arguing about whether supplies should be provided. We’re arguing about how.” Finally, the Forbes blogger refused to respond:","markups":[{"type":2,"start":236,"end":242}]},{"name":"032d","type":11,"text":"","markups":[],"layout":1,"iframe":{"mediaResourceId":"4b49e5da83d8d957ee0a2c6761746b52","iframeWidth":500,"iframeHeight":185,"thumbnailUrl":"https://i.embed.ly/1/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fpbs.twimg.com%2Fprofile_images%2F1160918432%2Ftimworstall-cut_Resized_400x400.JPG&key=a19fcc184b9711e1b4764040d3dc5c07"}},{"name":"dad4","type":1,"text":"In other words, Worstall prefers his arguments to remain academic. This is how libertarians and trickle-downers like their economics: without any real-world consequences. If they keep the situation broadly rhetorical and they refuse to address the real-world consequences of their policies, they can continue to ‘win’ arguments using trickery and pedantry.","markups":[]},{"name":"e1e4","type":1,"text":"But here’s the thing: People on the ground in Houston are right now living in the academic thought experiment that Worstall and others are bloviating on about. Prices are being gouged on food and water and gas:","markups":[{"type":3,"start":160,"end":209,"href":"https://www.cnbc.com/2017/08/28/price-gouging-during-hurricane-harvey-up-to-99-for-a-case-of-water-texas-ag-says.html","title":"","rel":"","anchorType":0}]},{"name":"1cd3","type":11,"text":"","markups":[],"layout":1,"iframe":{"mediaResourceId":"52c5136be67ee4cab6a9226ac67bc263","iframeWidth":500,"iframeHeight":185,"thumbnailUrl":"https://i.embed.ly/1/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fpbs.twimg.com%2Fmedia%2FDIVawy3UEAAVItX.jpg%3Alarge&key=a19fcc184b9711e1b4764040d3dc5c07"}},{"name":"ffad","type":1,"text":"And not everyone can afford those prices. What would Worstall have hungry and thirsty poor people do? He refuses to say.","markups":[]},{"name":"af49","type":1,"text":"So let’s consider the real-world options that people are left with in Houston right now:","markups":[]},{"name":"af9e","type":10,"text":"They can find help. (I’d advise them to look to their local mosques and not wealthy Houston evangelist Joel Osteen for assistance, though Osteen was eventually shamed into opening his megachurch to hurricane refugees.) But the system is overwhelmed right now, which means help might not be available. In that situation…","markups":[{"type":3,"start":40,"end":114,"href":"https://twitter.com/MuslimIQ/status/902271410193793024?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw&ref_url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.huffingtonpost.com%2Fentry%2Fjoel-osteen-lakewood-church-hurricane-harvey_us_59a45aa4e4b0821444c513d8","title":"","rel":"","anchorType":0}]},{"name":"743c","type":10,"text":"They can muster enough money to pay for the essentials. (Water is reportedly going for as much as $99 a case.) But poverty is on the rise in Houston, and some might not be able to gather that kind of cash. So this means that…","markups":[{"type":3,"start":115,"end":148,"href":"http://urbanedge.blogs.rice.edu/2016/11/14/these-charts-show-how-povertys-startling-spread-across-houston/#.WaXWMhOPLsE","title":"","rel":"","anchorType":0}]},{"name":"f039","type":10,"text":"They can take the law into their own hands and loot local businesses. But if they’re too weak and/or infirm to do that, or if they don’t want to get killed by law enforcement or by an armed store owner over a bottle of water…","markups":[]},{"name":"4ee7","type":10,"text":"They can die of thirst.","markups":[]},{"name":"b27f","type":1,"text":"These are the options. This is a life-or-death situation, and the free market simply can’t provide solutions for everyone. (As I’ve argued in the past, the free market doesn’t care if you live or die.)","markups":[{"type":3,"start":152,"end":199,"href":"https://civicskunk.works/the-free-market-doesnt-care-if-you-live-or-die-fbcdbde3deb6","title":"","rel":"","anchorType":0}]},{"name":"260d","type":1,"text":"But trickle-down pundits like Tim Worstall have devoted their lives to arguing that the free market is a godlike, omniscient force that always provides the best outcomes. So rather than revise their arguments, or acknowledge that sometimes the free market fails, they simply plug their fingers in their ears and ignore the suffering of their fellow human beings.","markups":[]},{"name":"87ab","type":1,"text":"Even in cases like this—when tens of thousands of Americans are rising to the occasion and helping their fellow citizens because they know it is the right thing to do—zealots like Worstall simply can’t refute the profit motive. And yet they also refuse to accept the inhumanity of their own arguments. So they have to do what hundreds of thousands of Texans are doing right now: they hunker down in the dark and wait for the storm to pass.","markups":[]},{"name":"380f","type":1,"text":"(If you can, please donate to the victims of Hurricane Harvey.)","markups":[{"type":3,"start":13,"end":61,"href":"https://www.nytimes.com/2017/08/28/us/donate-harvey-charities-scams.html?mcubz=0","title":"","rel":"","anchorType":0},{"type":2,"start":0,"end":63}]}],"sections":[{"name":"5fe7","startIndex":0},{"name":"ebef","startIndex":24}]},"postDisplay":{"coverless":true}},"virtuals":{"statusForCollection":"APPROVED","allowNotes":true,"previewImage":{"imageId":"1*MPJaj1hm26mRw81B_V7ZRA.png","filter":"","backgroundSize":"","originalWidth":951,"originalHeight":670,"strategy":"resample","height":0,"width":0},"wordCount":802,"imageCount":1,"readingTime":3.226415094339623,"subtitle":"When you argue that selling $99 cases of bottled water in a disaster area is a good thing, you need to reinvestigate your humanity.","publishedInCount":1,"usersBySocialRecommends":[],"recommends":477,"socialRecommends":[],"isBookmarked":false,"tags":[{"slug":"economics","name":"Economics","postCount":30100,"virtuals":{"isFollowing":false},"metadata":{"followerCount":748573,"postCount":30100,"coverImage":{"id":"1*gjb0hF7VdnVfnvoG7x2Sjw.jpeg"}},"type":"Tag"},{"slug":"hurricane-harvey","name":"Hurricane Harvey","postCount":1185,"virtuals":{"isFollowing":false},"metadata":{"followerCount":3,"postCount":1185,"coverImage":{"id":"1*inTD8MusJi9VnVSD2sxNNw.jpeg","originalWidth":1280,"originalHeight":720}},"type":"Tag"},{"slug":"politics","name":"Politics","postCount":211842,"virtuals":{"isFollowing":false},"metadata":{"followerCount":1072502,"postCount":211842,"coverImage":{"id":"1*jD5UgtVZ5u1nomTTo-LzQg.jpeg"}},"type":"Tag"},{"slug":"supply-and-demand","name":"Supply And Demand","postCount":64,"virtuals":{"isFollowing":false},"metadata":{"followerCount":1,"postCount":64,"coverImage":{"id":"1*dbNT0RugEJiLlK-kXbdlxg.png","originalWidth":487,"originalHeight":610}},"type":"Tag"},{"slug":"free-market","name":"Free Market","postCount":285,"virtuals":{"isFollowing":false},"metadata":{"followerCount":21,"postCount":285,"coverImage":{"id":"1*cPeRVuXP3EGcRErg3iXT9A.jpeg","originalWidth":960,"originalHeight":720}},"type":"Tag"}],"socialRecommendsCount":0,"responsesCreatedCount":68,"links":{"entries":[{"url":"https://www.cnbc.com/2017/08/28/price-gouging-during-hurricane-harvey-up-to-99-for-a-case-of-water-texas-ag-says.html","alts":[{"type":1,"url":"https://cdn.ampproject.org/c/s/www.cnbc.com/amp/2017/08/28/price-gouging-during-hurricane-harvey-up-to-99-for-a-case-of-water-texas-ag-says.html"}],"httpStatus":200},{"url":"https://civicskunk.works/the-free-market-doesnt-care-if-you-live-or-die-fbcdbde3deb6","alts":[{"type":2,"url":"medium://p/fbcdbde3deb6"},{"type":3,"url":"medium://p/fbcdbde3deb6"}],"httpStatus":200},{"url":"https://twitter.com/MuslimIQ/status/902271410193793024?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw&ref_url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.huffingtonpost.com%2Fentry%2Fjoel-osteen-lakewood-church-hurricane-harvey_us_59a45aa4e4b0821444c513d8","alts":[],"httpStatus":200},{"url":"https://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache%3AVVRXfy0RvlUJ%3Ahttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.forbes.com%2Fsites%2Ftimworstall%2F2017%2F08%2F27%2Fhurricane-harvey-is-when-we-need-price-gouging-not-laws-against-it%2F+&cd=1&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=us","alts":[],"httpStatus":200},{"url":"https://www.nytimes.com/2017/08/28/us/donate-harvey-charities-scams.html?mcubz=0","alts":[{"type":1,"url":"https://cdn.ampproject.org/c/s/mobile.nytimes.com/2017/08/28/us/donate-harvey-charities-scams.amp.html"},{"type":3,"url":"nytimes://reader/id/100000005396158"},{"type":2,"url":"nytimes://www.nytimes.com/2017/08/28/us/donate-harvey-charities-scams.html"}],"httpStatus":200},{"url":"http://urbanedge.blogs.rice.edu/2016/11/14/these-charts-show-how-povertys-startling-spread-across-houston/#.WaXWMhOPLsE","alts":[],"httpStatus":200}],"version":"0.3","generatedAt":1504042771735},"isLockedPreviewOnly":false,"takeoverId":"","metaDescription":"","totalClapCount":3220,"sectionCount":2,"readingList":0},"coverless":true,"slug":"hurricane-harvey-and-the-failure-of-the-free-market","translationSourcePostId":"","translationSourceCreatorId":"","isApprovedTranslation":false,"inResponseToPostId":"","inResponseToRemovedAt":0,"isTitleSynthesized":true,"allowResponses":true,"importedUrl":"","importedPublishedAt":0,"visibility":0,"uniqueSlug":"hurricane-harvey-and-the-failure-of-the-free-market-4a9f89c3967","previewContent":{"bodyModel":{"paragraphs":[{"name":"171e","type":4,"text":"","markups":[{"type":3,"start":0,"end":45,"href":"https://www.nytimes.com/2017/08/28/us/donate-harvey-charities-scams.html?mcubz=0","title":"","rel":"","anchorType":0}],"layout":9,"metadata":{"id":"1*MPJaj1hm26mRw81B_V7ZRA.png","originalWidth":951,"originalHeight":670}},{"name":"ead9","type":3,"text":"Hurricane Harvey and the Failure of the Free Market","markups":[],"alignment":1},{"name":"42a1","type":13,"text":"When you argue that selling $99 cases of bottled…","markups":[],"alignment":1}],"sections":[{"startIndex":0}]},"isFullContent":false},"license":0,"inResponseToMediaResourceId":"","canonicalUrl":"https://civicskunk.works/hurricane-harvey-and-the-failure-of-the-free-market-4a9f89c3967","approvedHomeCollectionId":"cee6d3abe166","approvedHomeCollection":{"id":"cee6d3abe166","name":"Civic Skunk Works","slug":"civic-skunk-works","tags":["ECONOMICS","POLITICS","MINIMUM WAGE","LABOR"],"creatorId":"5787c4eaaaa9","description":"Because conventional wisdom stinks.","shortDescription":"Because conventional wisdom stinks.","image":{"imageId":"1*2SAJmer4BBrGDIHNPCXDWA.png","filter":"","backgroundSize":"","originalWidth":500,"originalHeight":500,"strategy":"resample","height":0,"width":0},"metadata":{"followerCount":3430,"activeAt":1518203549030},"virtuals":{"permissions":{"canPublish":false,"canPublishAll":false,"canRepublish":false,"canRemove":false,"canManageAll":false,"canSubmit":false,"canEditPosts":false,"canAddWriters":false,"canViewStats":false,"canSendNewsletter":false,"canViewLockedPosts":false,"canViewCloaked":false,"canEditOwnPosts":false,"canBeAssignedAuthor":false,"canEnrollInHightower":false,"canLockPostsForMediumMembers":false},"isSubscribed":false,"isNewsletterSubscribed":false,"memberOfMembershipPlanId":"","isEnrolledInHightower":false,"isEligibleForHightower":true},"logo":{"imageId":"1*gzteNMm9n8vOOT5cljSZuQ.jpeg","filter":"","backgroundSize":"","originalWidth":600,"originalHeight":72,"strategy":"resample","height":0,"width":0},"twitterUsername":"civicskunkworks","facebookPageName":"CivicSkunkWorks","publicEmail":"cass@civic-ventures.com","domain":"civicskunk.works","sections":[{"type":2,"collectionHeaderMetadata":{"backgroundImage":{},"logoImage":{"id":"1*l0d_L-LwBlX58RftQzEExw@2x.png","originalWidth":4167,"originalHeight":1250,"alt":"Civic Skunk Works"},"alignment":1,"layout":6}},{"type":1,"postListMetadata":{"source":1,"layout":2,"number":25,"postIds":[]}},{"type":1,"postListMetadata":{"source":2,"layout":4,"number":3,"postIds":[],"sectionHeader":"Trending"}}],"tintColor":"#FFFFCF14","lightText":false,"favicon":{"imageId":"1*6yiG8vGYnBzY8pmWBn0ELw.png","filter":"","backgroundSize":"","originalWidth":200,"originalHeight":200,"strategy":"resample","height":0,"width":0},"colorPalette":{"defaultBackgroundSpectrum":{"colorPoints":[{"color":"#FFA67D00","point":0},{"color":"#FF9A7500","point":0.1},{"color":"#FF8D6C00","point":0.2},{"color":"#FF816300","point":0.3},{"color":"#FF745A00","point":0.4},{"color":"#FF675100","point":0.5},{"color":"#FF5A4700","point":0.6},{"color":"#FF4C3C02","point":0.7},{"color":"#FF3E3104","point":0.8},{"color":"#FF2F2605","point":0.9},{"color":"#FF201903","point":1}],"backgroundColor":"#FFFFFFFF"},"tintBackgroundSpectrum":{"colorPoints":[{"color":"#FFFFCF14","point":0},{"color":"#FFF1C200","point":0.1},{"color":"#FFE2B400","point":0.2},{"color":"#FFD3A600","point":0.3},{"color":"#FFC49800","point":0.4},{"color":"#FFB48A00","point":0.5},{"color":"#FFA47B00","point":0.6},{"color":"#FF936C00","point":0.7},{"color":"#FF815C00","point":0.8},{"color":"#FF6F4B00","point":0.9},{"color":"#FF5A3A00","point":1}],"backgroundColor":"#FFFFCF14"},"highlightSpectrum":{"colorPoints":[{"color":"#FFFFF1C1","point":0},{"color":"#FFFFEFB7","point":0.1},{"color":"#FFFFEDAC","point":0.2},{"color":"#FFFFEBA2","point":0.3},{"color":"#FFFFE997","point":0.4},{"color":"#FFFFE78D","point":0.5},{"color":"#FFFFE482","point":0.6},{"color":"#FFFFE278","point":0.7},{"color":"#FFFFDF6D","point":0.8},{"color":"#FFFFDD62","point":0.9},{"color":"#FFFFDB56","point":1}],"backgroundColor":"#FFFFFFFF"}},"navItems":[],"colorBehavior":1,"instantArticlesState":0,"acceleratedMobilePagesState":0,"ampLogo":{"imageId":"","filter":"","backgroundSize":"","originalWidth":0,"originalHeight":0,"strategy":"resample","height":0,"width":0},"header":{"backgroundImage":{},"logoImage":{"id":"1*l0d_L-LwBlX58RftQzEExw@2x.png","originalWidth":4167,"originalHeight":1250,"alt":"Civic Skunk Works"},"alignment":1,"layout":6},"type":"Collection"},"newsletterId":"","webCanonicalUrl":"https://civicskunk.works/hurricane-harvey-and-the-failure-of-the-free-market-4a9f89c3967","mediumUrl":"https://civicskunk.works/hurricane-harvey-and-the-failure-of-the-free-market-4a9f89c3967","migrationId":"","notifyFollowers":true,"notifyTwitter":true,"isSponsored":false,"isRequestToPubDisabled":false,"notifyFacebook":false,"responseHiddenOnParentPostAt":0,"isSeries":false,"isSubscriptionLocked":false,"seriesLastAppendedAt":0,"audioVersionDurationSec":0,"sequenceId":"","isNsfw":false,"isEligibleForRevenue":false,"isBlockedFromHightower":false,"deletedAt":0,"lockedPostSource":0,"hightowerMinimumGuaranteeStartsAt":0,"hightowerMinimumGuaranteeEndsAt":0,"featureLockRequestAcceptedAt":0,"featureLockRequestMinimumGuaranteeAmount":0,"isElevate":false,"type":"Post"},"mentionedUsers":[],"collaborators":[{"user":{"userId":"80158fce0eeb","name":"Nick Cassella","username":"Nick_Cassella","createdAt":1461624629522,"lastPostCreatedAt":1518561957023,"imageId":"0*1ojfl3YBepASbp5C.jpg","backgroundImageId":"","bio":"Contributor to Civic Skunk Works. I write about politics and economics—sometimes successfully.","twitterScreenName":"Nick_Cassella","facebookAccountId":"","allowNotes":1,"mediumMemberAt":0,"isNsfw":false,"type":"User"},"state":"visible"}],"membershipPlans":[],"collectionUserRelations":[],"mode":null,"references":{"User":{"5787c4eaaaa9":{"userId":"5787c4eaaaa9","name":"Paul Constant","username":"paulconstant","createdAt":1355164537958,"lastPostCreatedAt":1518131568844,"imageId":"1*0zVCWsigjLr5tasnuFpdFg.jpeg","backgroundImageId":"","bio":"Political writer at Civic Ventures. Co-founder of the Seattle Review of Books.","twitterScreenName":"paulconstant","socialStats":{"userId":"5787c4eaaaa9","usersFollowedCount":356,"usersFollowedByCount":4310,"type":"SocialStats"},"social":{"userId":"lo_DAOln8qLGmAu","targetUserId":"5787c4eaaaa9","type":"Social"},"facebookAccountId":"","allowNotes":1,"isNsfw":false,"type":"User"}},"Collection":{"cee6d3abe166":{"id":"cee6d3abe166","name":"Civic Skunk Works","slug":"civic-skunk-works","tags":["ECONOMICS","POLITICS","MINIMUM WAGE","LABOR"],"creatorId":"5787c4eaaaa9","description":"Because conventional wisdom stinks.","shortDescription":"Because conventional wisdom stinks.","image":{"imageId":"1*2SAJmer4BBrGDIHNPCXDWA.png","filter":"","backgroundSize":"","originalWidth":500,"originalHeight":500,"strategy":"resample","height":0,"width":0},"metadata":{"followerCount":3430,"activeAt":1518203549030},"virtuals":{"permissions":{"canPublish":false,"canPublishAll":false,"canRepublish":false,"canRemove":false,"canManageAll":false,"canSubmit":false,"canEditPosts":false,"canAddWriters":false,"canViewStats":false,"canSendNewsletter":false,"canViewLockedPosts":false,"canViewCloaked":false,"canEditOwnPosts":false,"canBeAssignedAuthor":false,"canEnrollInHightower":false,"canLockPostsForMediumMembers":false},"isSubscribed":false,"isNewsletterSubscribed":false,"memberOfMembershipPlanId":"","isEnrolledInHightower":false,"isEligibleForHightower":true},"logo":{"imageId":"1*gzteNMm9n8vOOT5cljSZuQ.jpeg","filter":"","backgroundSize":"","originalWidth":600,"originalHeight":72,"strategy":"resample","height":0,"width":0},"twitterUsername":"civicskunkworks","facebookPageName":"CivicSkunkWorks","publicEmail":"cass@civic-ventures.com","domain":"civicskunk.works","sections":[{"type":2,"collectionHeaderMetadata":{"backgroundImage":{},"logoImage":{"id":"1*l0d_L-LwBlX58RftQzEExw@2x.png","originalWidth":4167,"originalHeight":1250,"alt":"Civic Skunk Works"},"alignment":1,"layout":6}},{"type":1,"postListMetadata":{"source":1,"layout":2,"number":25,"postIds":[]}},{"type":1,"postListMetadata":{"source":2,"layout":4,"number":3,"postIds":[],"sectionHeader":"Trending"}}],"tintColor":"#FFFFCF14","lightText":false,"favicon":{"imageId":"1*6yiG8vGYnBzY8pmWBn0ELw.png","filter":"","backgroundSize":"","originalWidth":200,"originalHeight":200,"strategy":"resample","height":0,"width":0},"colorPalette":{"defaultBackgroundSpectrum":{"colorPoints":[{"color":"#FFA67D00","point":0},{"color":"#FF9A7500","point":0.1},{"color":"#FF8D6C00","point":0.2},{"color":"#FF816300","point":0.3},{"color":"#FF745A00","point":0.4},{"color":"#FF675100","point":0.5},{"color":"#FF5A4700","point":0.6},{"color":"#FF4C3C02","point":0.7},{"color":"#FF3E3104","point":0.8},{"color":"#FF2F2605","point":0.9},{"color":"#FF201903","point":1}],"backgroundColor":"#FFFFFFFF"},"tintBackgroundSpectrum":{"colorPoints":[{"color":"#FFFFCF14","point":0},{"color":"#FFF1C200","point":0.1},{"color":"#FFE2B400","point":0.2},{"color":"#FFD3A600","point":0.3},{"color":"#FFC49800","point":0.4},{"color":"#FFB48A00","point":0.5},{"color":"#FFA47B00","point":0.6},{"color":"#FF936C00","point":0.7},{"color":"#FF815C00","point":0.8},{"color":"#FF6F4B00","point":0.9},{"color":"#FF5A3A00","point":1}],"backgroundColor":"#FFFFCF14"},"highlightSpectrum":{"colorPoints":[{"color":"#FFFFF1C1","point":0},{"color":"#FFFFEFB7","point":0.1},{"color":"#FFFFEDAC","point":0.2},{"color":"#FFFFEBA2","point":0.3},{"color":"#FFFFE997","point":0.4},{"color":"#FFFFE78D","point":0.5},{"color":"#FFFFE482","point":0.6},{"color":"#FFFFE278","point":0.7},{"color":"#FFFFDF6D","point":0.8},{"color":"#FFFFDD62","point":0.9},{"color":"#FFFFDB56","point":1}],"backgroundColor":"#FFFFFFFF"}},"navItems":[],"colorBehavior":1,"instantArticlesState":0,"acceleratedMobilePagesState":0,"ampLogo":{"imageId":"","filter":"","backgroundSize":"","originalWidth":0,"originalHeight":0,"strategy":"resample","height":0,"width":0},"header":{"backgroundImage":{},"logoImage":{"id":"1*l0d_L-LwBlX58RftQzEExw@2x.png","originalWidth":4167,"originalHeight":1250,"alt":"Civic Skunk Works"},"alignment":1,"layout":6},"type":"Collection"}},"Social":{"5787c4eaaaa9":{"userId":"lo_DAOln8qLGmAu","targetUserId":"5787c4eaaaa9","type":"Social"}},"SocialStats":{"5787c4eaaaa9":{"userId":"5787c4eaaaa9","usersFollowedCount":356,"usersFollowedByCount":4310,"type":"SocialStats"}}}})
// ]]></script></body></html>