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    <title>The working class responds to Hurricane Harvey - World Socialist Web Site</title>
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<h2>The working class responds to Hurricane Harvey</h2>

<h5>
  
  
    31 August 2017
  
</h5>



<p>The official preparation for and response to Hurricane Harvey have been characterized by a stunning level of incompetence and indifference, from the lack of a coordinated evacuation and emergency housing plan, to the completely ad-hoc character of rescue operations. As Houston and other parts of Texas drown and the death toll mounts, various government officials, from the White House on down, have spent much of the past several days patting themselves on the back. “You have been terrific,” Trump told the governor, the head of the Federal Emergency Management Agency and other officials in Texas on Tuesday, hoping that no one would notice what was happening around him.</p><p>The flooding, however, has produced an overwhelming response from workers in Texas and throughout the region, who have rushed to volunteer for rescue operations, using their own equipment and receiving nothing in return.</p><p> The <em>New York Times</em>, which generally refers to the working class only to disparage it, wrote on Wednesday that “the response to one of the worst disasters in decades has been, in many ways, improvised.” The article continued: “Recreational vehicles—airboats, Jet Skis, motorized fishing boats—have rushed to the aid of people trapped in their homes, steered by welders, roofers, mechanics and fishermen wearing shorts, headlamps and ponchos. The working class, in large part, is being saved by the working class.”</p><p>Perhaps thousands have participated in these efforts to save those stranded in their homes, often traveling great distances. Many of these rescues have been coordinated by means of an online map, houstonharveyrescue.com, put together early this week by a local software developer. Individuals and families needing assistance are able to register on the site. Thousands have done so in the first few days of its operation, and the site reports as of Wednesday night that nearly 5,000 have been “marked safe.”</p><p>A report in Quartz notes that “The army of rescuers, who can also register on the site, can then easily spot the neediest cases. A team of 100 phone dispatchers follows up with those wanting to be rescued, and can send mass text messages with important information. An algorithm weeds out any repeats.”</p><p>The response of workers raises broader issues. Hurricane Harvey, like Hurricane Katrina and many other disasters in the US and internationally, has exposed the class reality that the media and the political establishment attempt to cover up. As always, it is the working class and poor, of all races and ethnicities, that are the hardest hit. It is they who are either without insurance or face insurance companies that refuse to cover damages. It is they who will see the media and ruling class politicians depart as the flood waters recede and the major industries resume operations.</p><p>No small part of the reaction of the media and political establishment to the disaster is motivated by fear that it will spark social unrest, serving as kindling for a conflagration arising from the immense contradictions of American society.</p><p>At the same time, the response of workers to the hurricane expresses a basic class consciousness and solidarity that the ruling class works so hard to undermine. Contrary to the claims—promoted in particular by the Democratic Party—that American society is riven by racial hatred, the emergency operations have involved white, black and Hispanic workers on both sides—in the boats and in the stranded houses.</p><p>The response makes a powerful case for independent workers’ organizations and workers’ control, not only of the basic industries and means of production, but of all essential resources and services. Workers have a much greater understanding of what needs to be done than those who currently determine government policy—the corporate and financial aristocracy and beyond it the top 5 or 10 percent of the population.</p><p>If workers had been involved in decisions over how to allocate resources, the level of preparation for the hurricane itself would have been far more advanced. Trillions of dollars would be allocated not to bailing out Wall Street and financing the American military machine, but to building social infrastructure. The flooding, after all, was neither unforeseeable nor unforeseen—it was just not planned for.</p><p>The destruction of the fourth largest city in the United States is one expression of a general phenomenon. In a million different ways, the basic requirements of a modern mass society—preparation for natural disasters, the distribution of food, the development of health care and education systems, not to speak of ensuring a livable income for all of humanity—come into conflict with the subordination of society to the dictates of profit. The domination of the stock markets ensures that all is sacrificed to the quarterly corporate figures.</p><p>The case for socialism—and inextricably bound up with this, economic planning—is made not by utopian dreams, but by the concrete demands of social development.</p><p>In every aspect of social life, the working class must take matters into its own hands, through the organization of workers’ committees in factories, workplaces and neighborhoods to assume control over the production and distribution of resources. These organizations must begin with the needs of the working class and be democratically controlled by the working class. They must take ever greater responsibility for unifying workers and organizing their common struggles against the capitalist class and its political representatives.</p><p>The establishment of genuine democratic control over production and economic organization is the necessary basis for the development of a rational plan to replace the anarchy of the market and ensure that all decisions are based on social need.</p>


  
    <p>Joseph Kishore</p>
  





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 (10/02/2018)</a></li>
<li><a href="/en/articles/2018/02/07/pers-f07.html#pk_campaign=sidebar&pk_kwd=textlink">UAW contracts must be declared null and void (07/02/2018)</a></li>
<li><a href="/en/articles/2018/02/01/pers-f01.html#pk_campaign=sidebar&pk_kwd=textlink">Trump’s State of Delusion
 (01/02/2018)</a></li>
<li><a href="/en/articles/2018/02/03/stri-f03.html#pk_campaign=sidebar&pk_kwd=textlink">Half a million metalworkers participate in strikes in Germany (03/02/2018)</a></li>
<li><a href="/en/articles/2018/01/27/pers-j27.html#pk_campaign=sidebar&pk_kwd=textlink">The “fractured world”: Plutocrats convene in Davos amid war and great-power conflict (27/01/2018)</a></li>
<li><a href="/en/articles/2018/01/30/pers-j30.html#pk_campaign=sidebar&pk_kwd=textlink">The Economist: Humanity teeters on the brink of world war (30/01/2018)</a></li>
<li><a href="//en/articles/2018/02/01/mars-f01.html#pk_campaign=sidebar&pk_kwd=textlink">Marshall and #MeToo: A 77-year-old civil rights fight exposes the reactionary character of the sexual misconduct witch-hunt (01/02/2018)</a></li>
<li><a href="/en/articles/2018/01/31/cens-j31.html#pk_campaign=sidebar&pk_kwd=textlink">“Scoundrel Time” returns: The neo-Puritan #MeToo censors and their predecessors (31/01/2018)</a></li>
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        14 October 2017<br /><a style="display:inline; font-weight:bold; color:#222; background:none; padding:0;" href="/en/special/1917/lecture06.html#pk_campaign=sidebar&pk_kwd=textlink-lectures">Lenin’s <em>The State and Revolution</em></a><br /><em>Barry Grey</em>
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        21 October 2017<br /><a style="display:inline; font-weight:bold; color:#222; background:none; padding:0;" href="/en/special/1917/lecture07.html#pk_campaign=sidebar&pk_kwd=textlink-lectures">On the Eve of Revolution: The Bolshevik Party, Factory Committees, and the Mass Movement of the Working Class</a><br /><em>Tom Carter</em>
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        28 October 2017<br /><a style="display:inline; font-weight:bold; color:#222; background:none; padding:0;" href="/en/special/1917/lecture08.html#pk_campaign=sidebar&pk_kwd=textlink-lectures">Lessons of October: The Political Crisis within the Bolshevik Party on the Eve of the Seizure of Power</a><br /><em>Chris Marsden</em>
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        11 November 2017<br /><a style="display:inline; font-weight:bold; color:#222; background:none; padding:0;" href="/en/special/1917/lecture09.html#pk_campaign=sidebar&pk_kwd=textlink-lectures">The Place of the October Revolution in World History and Contemporary Politics</a><br /><em>David North</em>
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      <a style="display:inline; font-weight:bold; color:#222; background:none; padding:0;" href="/en/articles/2017/01/03/pers-j03.html#pk_campaign=sidebar&pk_kwd=textlink-lectures">Socialism and the centenary of the Russian Revolution: 1917-2017</a>
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  <h3>Lectures and Essays by David North</h3>
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	<li><a href="/en/articles/2017/01/03/pers-j03.html#pk_campaign=sidebar&pk_kwd=textlink">Socialism and the centenary of the Russian Revolution: 1917-2017 (01/03/2017)</a></li>
	<li><a href="/en/articles/2016/12/05/plek-d05.html#pk_campaign=sidebar&pk_kwd=textlink">Georgi Valentinovich Plekhanov (1856–1918): His Place in the History of Marxism (12/05/2016)</a></li>
	<li><a href="/en/articles/2016/10/25/lect-o25.html#pk_campaign=sidebar&pk_kwd=textlink">Philosophy and Politics in an Age of War and Revolution (10/25/2016)</a></li>
	<li><a href="/en/articles/2016/07/11/pref-j11.html#pk_campaign=sidebar&pk_kwd=textlink">A Quarter Century of War: The US Drive for Global Hegemony 1990–2016 (07/11/2016)</a></li>
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  <h3>Socialism and the Struggle Against War</h3>
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	<li><a href="/en/articles/2016/02/18/icfi-f18.html#pk_campaign=sidebar&pk_kwd=textlink">ICFI Resolution: Socialism and the fight against war (02/18/2016)</a></li>
	<li><a href="/en/articles/2014/08/25/reso-a25.html#pk_campaign=sidebar&pk_kwd=textlink">SEP (US) Resolution: The fight against war and the political tasks of the SEP (08/25/2014)</a></li>
<li><a href="/en/articles/2016/07/27/reso-j27.html#pk_campaign=sidebar&pk_kwd=textlink">SEP (Australia) Resolution: The Socialist Equality Party and the fight to build an international anti-war movement (07/27/2016)</a></li>
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	#top-appeal a {
		display: block;
	}
	#top-appeal img {
		float: none;
	}
	#inline-appeal {
		float: left;
		width: 238px;
		height: 178px;
		background: #ffffff;
		border: 1px solid #d9d9d9;
		margin: 15px 15px 15px 0;
	}
	#inline-appeal h4 {
		font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
		font-size: 13px;
		font-weight: bold;
		text-align: center;
		margin: 0;
	}
	#inline-appeal p {
		font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
		font-size: 11px;
		font-weight: 550;
		color: #555555;
		text-align: center;
		margin: 0 20px;	
	}
	#inline-appeal .logo {
		display: block;
		width: 200px;
		margin: 20px 20px 15px 20px;
	}
	#inline-appeal .button {
		display: block;
		width: 122px;
		height: 25px;
		font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
		font-size: 15px;
		line-height: 1em;
		color: #ffffff;
		text-transform: uppercase;
		text-align: center;
		background: #ef4236;
		padding: 10px 0 0 0;
		margin: 10px auto;
	}
	#inline-appeal .button:hover {	
		background: #d63c31;
	}
	
	#bottom-appeal {
		width: 488px;
		height: 148px;
		border: 1px solid #d9d9d9;
		border-top: 6px solid #000000;
		border-bottom: 6px solid #000000;
		margin: 20px 0 0 0;
	}
	#bottom-appeal .leftcol {
	  float: left;
	  width: 254px;
	  height: 148px;
	  background: #ffffff;
	}
	#bottom-appeal .rightcol {
	  float: right;
	  width: 214px;
	  height: 148px;
	  background: #dff1fb;
	  padding: 0 0 0 20px;
	}
	#bottom-appeal h4 {
		font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
		font-size: 14px;
		font-weight: bold;
		text-align: center;
		margin: 0;
	}
	#bottom-appeal p {
		font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
		font-size: 12px;
		font-weight: 550;
		color: #555555;
		text-align: center;
		margin: 0 12px;	
	}
	#bottom-appeal .logo {
		display: block;
		width: 200px;
		margin: 20px 20px 15px 20px;
	}
	#bottom-appeal .list {
		list-style-type: none;
		margin: 20px 0 0 0;
	}
	#bottom-appeal .list li {
		display: inline-block;
		width: 60px;
		height: 24px;
		font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
		font-size: 13px;
		font-weight: bold;
		color: #444444;
		padding-left: 5px;
	}
	#bottom-appeal .list li.other {
		width: 120px;
	}
	#bottom-appeal .button {
		display: block;
		width: 184px;
		height: 32px;
		font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
		font-size: 11px;
		line-height: 1em;
		color: #ffffff;
		text-align: center;
		background: #ef4236;
		border: none;
		padding: 0;
		margin: 10px 0;
		cursor: pointer;
	}
	#bottom-appeal .button:hover {	
		background: #d63c31;
	}
	
	/* Fund Appeal 2015 */
	#fundAppeal2015 {
		width: 100%;
		/* 
		position: fixed;
		z-index: 9999;
		top: -220px;
		transition: top 1s; */
		height: 0;
		transition: height 1s;
		background: #2E3436;
		overflow: hidden;
	}
	#fundAppeal2015.active {
		/* top: 0; */
		height: 210px;
	}
	#fundAppeal2015.active.video {
		height: 615px !important;
	}
	#fundAppeal2015 > .wrapper {
		position: relative;
		width: 1000px;
		/*height: 210px;*/
		height: 615px;
		margin: 0 auto;
		/* box-shadow: #999 0 5px 10px; */
		overflow: hidden;
	}
	/* #fundAppeal2015 > .wrapper.video {	
		height: 615px !important;
	}*/
	#fundAppeal2015 > .wrapper > .left {
		float: left;
		width: 600px;
		height: 170px;		
		background: #f5f5f5;
		padding: 20px;
	}
	#fundAppeal2015 > .wrapper > .left > img {	
		float: left;
		height: 170px;
		margin-right: 20px;
		cursor: pointer;
	}
	#fundAppeal2015 > .wrapper > .left > p {
		font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;
		/*font-size: 13px;*/
		font-size: 14px;
		font-weight: 400;
		line-height: 1.4em;
		margin-bottom: 15px;
	}
	#fundAppeal2015 > .wrapper > .right {
		float: left;
		width: 300px;
		height:160px;
		background: #fff;
		padding: 25px 30px;
	}
	#fundAppeal2015 > .wrapper > .right > form {
		font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;
	}
	#fundAppeal2015 > .wrapper > .right > form > .type {
		border-bottom: 2px solid #ccc;
		padding: 10px 0;
	}
	#fundAppeal2015 > .wrapper > .right > form > .type > label {
		font-size: 14px;
		font-weight: bold;
		text-transform: uppercase;
		margin-left: 5px;
	}
	#fundAppeal2015 > .wrapper > .right > form > .amount {
		padding: 20px 0;
		margin-top: 5px;
	}
	#fundAppeal2015 > .wrapper > .right > form > .amount > label {
		float: left;
		width: 72px;
		font-size: 14px;
		font-weight: bold;
		padding: 0 0 20px 0;
	}
	#fundAppeal2015 > .wrapper > .right > form > .amount > label > input {
		margin-right: 10px;
	}
	#fundAppeal2015 > .wrapper > .right > form > .amount > input {
		width: 218px;
		height: 45px;	
		font-size: 20px;
		font-weight: bold;
		border: 1px solid #ccc;
		padding: 0 15px;
	}
	#fundAppeal2015 > .wrapper > .right > form > a {
		display: block;
		position: absolute;
		bottom: 425px;
		right: 20px;
		font-size: 12px;
		color: #333;
		text-decoration: underline;
	}
	#fundAppeal2015 > .wrapper > .right > form > a:hover {
		color: #CC0000;
	}
	#fundAppeal2015 > .wrapper > .video {
		clear: both;
		height: 405px;
		background: #222;
	}
	#fundAppeal2015 > .wrapper > .video > iframe {
		display: block;
		width: 720px;
		margin: 0 auto;
	}
	#fundAppeal2015 .button {
		display: inline-block;
		font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;
		font-weight: bold;
		color: #fff;
		text-align: center;
		text-transform: uppercase;
		border: none;
		cursor: pointer;
	}
	#fundAppeal2015 .button-video {
		display: block;
		/*width: 300px;*/
		width: 270px;
		font-size: 14px;
		line-height: 35px;
		background: #01557a;
		margin-top: 39px;
	}
	#fundAppeal2015 .button-paypal {
		width: 210px;
		font-size: 14px;
		line-height: 35px;
		background: #b7302a;
		margin-top: 10px;
	}
	#fundAppeal2015 .button-creditcard {
		width: 150px;
		font-size: 16px;
		line-height: 40px;
		background: #206483;
		margin-left: 20px;
		margin-top: 5px;
	}
	#fundAppeal2015 .button-close	{
		position: absolute;
		right: 0;
		top: 0;
		display: block;
		font-size: 13px;
		font-weight: normal;
		letter-spacing: 1px;
		color: #fff;
		background: #555;
		padding: 4px 8px;
	}
	#fundAppeal2016 {
		position: fixed;
		bottom: -200px;
		z-index: 99;
		width: 100%;
		font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;
		/*background: #ee5500;*/
		background: #bb3a7f;
		/*background: #ee5544;*/
		/*background: #d40404;*/
		/*
		min-height:100px;
		*/
	}
	#fundAppeal2016.active {
		bottom: 0;
		transition: bottom 1s;
	}
	#fundAppeal2016 > .wrapper {
		position: relative;
		max-width: 950px;
		min-height: 60px;
		margin: 0 auto;
		padding: 0 10px;
	}
	#fundAppeal2016 > .wrapper > form > div { width: 70%; }
	#fundAppeal2016 > .wrapper > form > div > div { width: 18%; }
	#fundAppeal2016 > .wrapper > form > div > div:last-child { width: 26%; }
	#fundAppeal2016 > .wrapper > form > input { width: 18%; color: #222; background: none; }
	#fundAppeal2016 > .wrapper > form > input:hover { color: #fff; background: #222; }
	@media screen and (max-width: 48em) {
		#fundAppeal2016 { bottom: -500px; }
		#fundAppeal2016 > .wrapper > form > div { width: 100%; }
		#fundAppeal2016 > .wrapper > form > div > div { width: 50%; margin-bottom: 15px; }
		#fundAppeal2016 > .wrapper > form > div > div:last-child { width: 90%; text-align: right; }
		#fundAppeal2016 > .wrapper > form > div > div > a { display: block; padding: 10px 0; }
		#fundAppeal2016 > .wrapper > form > input { width: 90%; }
	}
	#fundAppeal2016 > .wrapper > p {
		float: left;
		width: auto;
		font-size: 16px;
		line-height: 24px;
		font-weight: 300;
		letter-spacing: 0.5px;
		/*letter-spacing: 1px;*/
		color: #fff;
		padding: 18px 0;
		margin-right: 20%;
		/*margin-right: 20px;*/
		/*margin-right: 120px;*/

		letter-spacing: 0.05em;
		margin-right: 180px;
	}
	#fundAppeal2016 > .wrapper > p > a {
		color: #fff;
	}
	#fundAppeal2016 > .wrapper > a {
		display: block;
		float: left;
		width: auto;
		font-size: 14px;
		line-height: 30px;
		font-weight: bold;
		letter-spacing: 0.5px;
		color: #eee;
		text-align: center;
		margin: 13px 0;
		padding: 0 15px;
		border: 2px solid #eee;
		text-transform: uppercase;

		/*
		margin-top:26px;
		*/
	}
	#fundAppeal2016 > .wrapper > a:hover {
		color: #fff;
		border: 2px solid #fff;
	}
	#fundAppeal2016 > .wrapper > button {
		position: absolute;
		right: 0;
		top: 0;
		font-size: 16px;
		color: #eee;
		text-transform: uppercase;
		font-weight: 100;
		line-height: 16px;
		background: none;
		border: 1px solid #eee;
		border-radius: 30px;
		padding: 4px 8px 4px 8px;
		margin: 17px 10px;
		cursor: pointer;
	}
	#fundAppeal2016 > .wrapper > button:hover {
		color: #fff;
		border: 1px solid #fff;
	}
	#popupfundappeal {
		position: fixed;
		display: none;
		top: 0;
		bottom: 0;
		z-index: 99;
		width: 100%;
		font-family: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;
		background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);
	}
	#popupfundappeal.active {
		display: block;
	}
	#popupfundappeal > .wrapper {
		position: relative;
		max-width: 500px;
		min-height: 60px;
		margin: 0 auto;
		margin-top: 20%;
		padding: 30px 60px 30px 30px;
		background: #fff;
		text-align: left;
	}
	#popupfundappeal > .wrapper > h4 {
		font-weight: bold;
		margin-bottom: 30px;
		font-size: 20px;
		line-height: 1.2em;
		text-transform: uppercase;
		letter-spacing: 1px;
		color: #222;
	}
	#popupfundappeal > .wrapper > p {
		font-size: 16px;
		line-height: 24px;
		font-weight: 300;
		letter-spacing: 0.5px;
		color: #222;
		padding: 0 0 15px 0;
		margin: 0;
	}
	#popupfundappeal > .wrapper > p > a {
		color: #222;
	}
	#popupfundappeal > .wrapper > a {
		display: block;
		width: 160px;
		font-size: 16px;
		line-height: 50px;
		font-weight: bold;
		text-transform: uppercase;
		letter-spacing: 0.5px;
		color: #fff;		
		text-align: center;
		margin: 15px auto 0 auto;
		padding: 0 15px;
		background: #ee5500;
		border: none;
	}
	#popupfundappeal > .wrapper > a:hover {
		color: #fff;
		background: #ff5500;
	}
	#popupfundappeal > .wrapper > button {
		position: absolute;
		right: 0;
		top: 0;
		font-size: 16px;
		color: #222;
		text-transform: uppercase;
		font-weight: 100;
		line-height: 16px;
		background: none;
		border: 1px solid #222;
		border-radius: 30px;
		padding: 4px 8px 4px 8px;
		margin: 17px 10px;
		cursor: pointer;
	}
	#popupfundappeal > .wrapper > button:hover {
		color: #444;
		border: 1px solid #444;
	}
</style>    
<script type="text/javascript">
	function appendTopAppeal() {
  		if ($('#page').length > 0) {
	  		/*if ($('#content').is('.width72')) {
  				var htmlArray = [
  					'<div id="top-appeal">',
  						'<a href="/en/special/donate.html" target="_blank">',
  							'<img src="/en/media/photos/legacy/frontpage/2014donate940" width="940" height="129" />',
  						'</a>',
  					'</div>'
  				];
  				var html = htmlArray.join('');
  				$('#page').prepend(html);
  				$('#top-appeal').animate({opacity:1.0},1000).slideDown(1000);
  			} else {*/
	  			var htmlArray = [
  					'<div id="sidebar_donate" style="border: thin solid lightgrey; overflow: hidden; margin-bottom: 5px;padding:5px;">',
  						'<a href="/en/special/donate.html" target="_blank">',
  							'<img src="/en/media/photos/legacy/sidebar/20150706donate198.jpg" width="198" height="212" border="0" />',
  						'</a>',
  					'</div>'
  				];
  				var html = htmlArray.join('');
  				$('#sidebar > .column:last').prepend(html);
  			/*}*/
  		}
  	}
  	
  	function appendFundAppeal2015() {
  		if ($.cookie('fundAppeal2015') != 'seen') {
  			if ($('#page').length > 0) {
	  			var htmlArray = [
  					'<div id="fundAppeal2015" class="active">',
						'<div class="wrapper">',
							'<div class="left" style="padding-top:32px;">',
								//'<img src="/en/media/photos/legacy/frontpage/20150320donate340.jpg" />',
								//'<p>In order to develop an international movement of the working class against the dictatorship of money and capital all over the world, we need resources. <strong>Those resources can come only from you, our readers.</strong></p>',
								//'<button class="button button-video">Video appeal from Nick Beams</button>',
								'<p><strong>The <em>World Socialist Web Site</em> is under attack.</strong> Google\'s new search algorithms have led to a 75 percent reduction in readers accessing the site from Google.</p>',
								'<p>The WSWS is engaged in a fight, and so are you. We need your support to carry this fight forward. Please make as large a donation as possible to the WSWS. If you are not already a subscriber, sign-up to make a monthly donation to the WSWS.</p>',
								'<a class="button button-video" style="float:right; width:140px; margin-top:3px;" href="/en/articles/2017/08/25/pers-a25.html" target="_blank">Learn more</a>',
							'</div>',
							'<div class="right">',
								'<form>',
									'<div class="type">',
										'<input type="radio" name="type" value="subscribe" checked="checked" /><label>Monthly donation</label>',
										'<input type="radio" name="type" value="donate" style="margin-left:20px;" /><label>One time</label>',
									'</div>',
									'<div class="amount">',
										'<label><input type="radio" name="amount" value="25" checked="checked" />$25</label>',
										'<label><input type="radio" name="amount" value="50" />$50</label>',
										'<label><input type="radio" name="amount" value="75" />$75</label>',
										'<label><input type="radio" name="amount" value="100" />$100</label>',
										'<label><input type="radio" name="amount" value="250" />$250</label>',
										'<label><input type="radio" name="amount" value="500" />$500</label>',
										'<label style="width: 125px;"><input type="radio" name="amount" value="" />Other amount</label>',
									'</div>',
									'<button class="button button-paypal">PayPal or Credit Card</button>',
									'<a href="/en/special/donation_information.html" target="_blank">Donate by mail</a>',
								'</form>',
							'</div>',
							'<div class="video">',
							'</div>',
							'<button class="button button-close">close &nbsp; x</button>',
							'<form class="donateForm" action="https://www.paypal.com/cgi-bin/webscr" method="post" target="_blank">',
								'<input type="hidden" name="cmd" value="_donations">',
								'<input type="hidden" name="business" value="shannon@mehring.com">',
								'<input type="hidden" name="lc" value="US">',
								'<input type="hidden" name="item_name" value="World Socialist Web Site">',
								'<input type="hidden" name="currency_code" value="USD">',
								'<input type="hidden" name="bn" value="PP-DonationsBF:btn_donate_LG.gif:NonHostedGuest">',
								'<input type="hidden" name="amount" value="25">',
								'<input type="hidden" name="submit2" value="Donate">',
							'</form>',
							'<form class="subscribeForm" action="https://www.paypal.com/cgi-bin/webscr" method="post" target="_blank">',
								'<input type="hidden" name="cmd" value="_xclick-subscriptions">',
								'<input type="hidden" name="business" value="shannon@Mehring.com">',
								'<input type="hidden" name="item_name" value="Monthly WSWS Donation">',
								'<input type="hidden" name="lc" value="US">',
								'<input type="hidden" name="input" value="10.00">',
								'<input type="hidden" name="currency_code" value="USD">',
								'<input type="hidden" name="src" value="1">',
								'<input type="hidden" name="p3" value="1">',
								'<input type="hidden" name="t3" value="M">',
								'<input type="hidden" name="bn" value="PP-SubscriptionsBF:btn_subscribe_SM.gif:NonHostedGuest">',
								'<input type="hidden" name="a3" value="10">',
								'<input type="hidden" name="submit3" value="Subscribe">',
							'</form>',
						'</div>',
					'</div>',
  				];
  				var html = htmlArray.join('');
  				$('body').prepend(html);
  				/*
	  			$('#fundAppeal2015 > .wrapper > .left').children('img, button').click(function() {
	  				if ($('#fundAppeal2015').hasClass('video')) {
	  					$('#fundAppeal2015 > .wrapper > .video').empty();
	  				} else {
	  					var html = '<iframe width="720" height="405" src="https://www.youtube-nocookie.com/embed/Gdwpr1IPeQQ?rel=0&amp;controls=0&amp;showinfo=0&amp;autoplay=1" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen=""></iframe>';
		  				$('#fundAppeal2015 > .wrapper > .video').append(html);
	  				}
	  				$('#fundAppeal2015').toggleClass('video');
  				});
  				*/
  				$('#fundAppeal2015 > .wrapper > .right > form > .button').click(function() {
	  				var type = $('#fundAppeal2015 > .wrapper > .right > form > .type > input:checked').val();
	  				var amount = $('#fundAppeal2015 > .wrapper > .right > form > .amount > > input:checked').val();
	  				if (type == 'subscribe') {
		  				if (amount == '') amount = 10;
		  				$('#fundAppeal2015 > .wrapper > .subscribeForm > input[name=a3]').val(amount);
		  				$('#fundAppeal2015 > .wrapper > .subscribeForm').submit();
		  			} else {
			  			$('#fundAppeal2015 > .wrapper > .donateForm > input[name=amount]').val(amount);
			  			$('#fundAppeal2015 > .wrapper > .donateForm').submit();
			  		}
			  		return false;
	  			});
	  			$('#fundAppeal2015 > .wrapper > .button-close').click(function() {
		  			$('#fundAppeal2015 > .wrapper > .video').empty();
		  			$('#fundAppeal2015 > .wrapper').removeClass('video');
		  			$('#fundAppeal2015').removeClass('active');
		  			var expireDate = new Date();
		  			var minutes = 1440;
		  			expireDate.setTime(expireDate.getTime() + (minutes * 60 * 1000));
		  			$.cookie('fundAppeal2015', 'seen', {
			  			expires: expireDate,
			  			path: '/',
			  			domain: 'wsws.org',
			  			secure: false
			  		});
		  		});
  				setTimeout(function() {
	  				$('#fundAppeal2015').addClass('active');
	  			}, 2000);
  			}
  		}
  	}
  	
  	function appendFundAppeal2016() {
  		if ($.cookie('fundAppeal2016') != 'seen') {
  			if ($('#page').length > 0) {
  				var htmlArray = [
	  				'<div id="fundAppeal2016" style="background:#d1203d">',
	  					'<div class="wrapper">',
	  						//'<p><a href="https://www.wsws.org/donate/" onclick="_paq.push([\'trackGoal\', 24]);" target="_blank">The ruling class is censoring the Internet: Help us fight back!</a></p>',
	  						//'<p><a href="https://www.wsws.org/donate/" onclick="_paq.push([\'trackGoal\', 24]);" target="_blank">On the centenary of the October Revolution:<br /><strong>Donate to the WSWS and support the fight for socialism!</strong></a></p>',
	  						//'<a href="https://www.wsws.org/donate/" onclick="_paq.push([\'trackGoal\', 24]);" target="_blank"><span>Donate Now</span> <span>&rarr;</span></a>',
	  						'<p style="font-size:14px; line-height:1.4em; padding:30px 0; max-width:640px; margin-right:40px;"><a href="https://www.wsws.org/endcensorship" target="_blank">On January 16 at 7 PM Eastern, the <em>World Socialist Web Site</em> is hosting an online meeting titled “<strong>Organizing Resistance to Internet Censorship</strong>” featuring Chris Hedges and David North. To participate, visit <strong>wsws.org/endcensorship</strong>.</a></p>',
	  						'<a style="line-height:40px; margin-top:36px;" href="https://www.wsws.org/endcensorship" target="_blank"><span>Visit page</span> <span>&rarr;</span></a>',
	  						//'<p><a href="https://www.wsws.org/1917/lectures" target="_blank">Centenary Lecture October 21: <strong>On the Eve of Revolution: The Bolshevik Party, Factory Committees, and the Mass Movement of the Working Class</strong></a></p>',
	  						//'<a href="https://www.wsws.org/1917/lectures" target="_blank"><span>Register Today</span> <span>&rarr;</span></a>',
	  						//'<p><a href="http://mehring.com/2017-holiday-sale" target="_blank">Mehring Books Holiday Sale: Give the gift that lasts... A book on the Russian Revolution</a></p>',
	  						'<button>x</button>',	  						
	  					'</div>',
	  				'</div>'
	  			];
	  			/*
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	  			      '<p style="font-weight:bold; font-size:14px; line-height:1.4em; margin-right:10%; padding-bottom:0; color:#cc0000;"><em>“The SEP\'s program is the best chance that humanity has to save itself. Exposure to the Marxist perspective, especially on art and culture, has literally changed my life.”</em> – Ryan, US</p>',
	  			      '<p style="color:#222; font-weight:400; font-size:14px; line-height:1.4em; margin-right:10%; padding:10px 0 18px 0;">',
	  			        '<a href="https://www.wsws.org/donate/?pk_campaign=appeal&amp;pk_kwd=bottom" style="color:#222;" target="_blank">Giant corporations like Google are seeking to block access to the <em>World Socialist Web Site</em>. Under conditions of growing social inequality, the danger of world war, and escalating political repression, the expansion of the WSWS is more crucial than ever. <strong>Donate today to the WSWS New Year\'s Fund</strong>.</a>',
	  			      '</p>',
	  			      '<form action="https://www.paypal.com/cgi-bin/webscr" method="post" target="_blank">',
	  			        '<input type="hidden" name="cmd" value="_donations">',
	  			        '<input type="hidden" name="business" value="shannon@mehring.com">',
	  			        '<input type="hidden" name="lc" value="US">',
	  			        '<input type="hidden" name="item_name" value="World Socialist Web Site">',
	  			        '<input type="hidden" name="currency_code" value="USD">',
	  			        '<input type="hidden" name="bn" value="PP-DonationsBF:btn_donate_LG.gif:NonHostedGuest">',
	  			        '<div style="display:inline-block; box-sizing:border-box;">',
	  			          '<div style="display:inline-block; box-sizing:border-box;">',
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	  			              '<input id="RadioGroup1_1" type="radio" name="amount" value="10" style="margin-right: 15px;"> $10',
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	  			            '<label style="border-radius:4px; width:70%; display:inline-block; padding:10px; font-size:14px; background:#333; color:#fff; cursor:pointer;">',
	  			              '<input id="RadioGroup1_1" type="radio" name="amount" value="25" style="margin-right:10px;"> $25',
	  			            '</label>',
	  			          '</div>',
	  			          '<div style="display:inline-block; box-sizing:border-box;">',
	  			            '<label style="border-radius:4px; width:70%; display:inline-block; padding:10px; font-size:14px; background:#333; color:#fff; cursor:pointer;">',
	  			              '<input id="RadioGroup1_1" type="radio" name="amount" value="50" checked="checked" style="margin-right:10px;"> $50',
	  			            '</label>',
	  			          '</div>',
	  			          '<div style="display:inline-block; box-sizing:border-box;">',
	  			            '<label style="border-radius:4px; width:70%; display:inline-block; padding:10px; font-size:14px; background:#333; color:#fff; cursor:pointer;">',
	  			              '<input id="RadioGroup1_1" type="radio" name="amount" value="100" style="margin-right:10px;"> $100',
	  			            '</label>',
	  			          '</div>',
	  			          '<div style="display:inline-block; box-sizing:border-box;">',
	  			            '<a href="https://www.wsws.org/donate/?pk_campaign=appeal&amp;pk_kwd=bottom" style="font-size: 14px;color:#333; text-decoration: underline;font-weight: bold;" target="_blank">More options »</a>',
	  			          '</div>',
	  			        '</div>',
	  			        '<input type="submit" name="submit2" value="Donate now" style="display:inline-block; padding:6px; border:2px solid #222; border-radius:4px; text-transform:uppercase; font-weight:bold; font-size:14px; cursor:pointer;">',
	  			      '</form>',
	  			      '<button style="color:#222; border-color:#222;">x</button>',
	  			    '</div>',
	  			  '</div>'
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		  			_paq.push(['trackGoal', 25]);
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		  			var minutes = 1440;
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			  			expires: expireDate,
			  			path: '/',
			  			domain: 'wsws.org',
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  					'<img class="logo" src="/img/anniversary_funddrive.png" width="200" height="40" />',
  					'<h4>The WSWS needs your support!</h4>',
  					'<p>Your donations go directly to financing, improving, and expanding the web site.</p>',
  					'<a class="button" href="/en/special/anniversary/donate.html">Donate</a>',
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  				  '<div class="leftcol">',
  					'<img class="logo" src="/img/anniversary_funddrive.png" width="200" height="40" />',
  					'<h4>The WSWS needs your support!</h4>',
  					'<p>Your donations go directly to financing, improving, and expanding the web site.</p>',
  				  '</div>',
  				  '<div class="rightcol">',
  				    '<form action="https://www.paypal.com/cgi-bin/webscr" method="post" target="_blank">',
  				      '<input type="hidden" name="cmd" value="_donations">',
  				      '<input type="hidden" name="business" value="shannon@mehring.com">',
  				      '<input type="hidden" name="lc" value="US">',
  				      '<input type="hidden" name="item_name" value="World Socialist Web Site">',
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  				        '<li><input id="RadioGroup1_7" type="radio" name="amount" value=""> Other</li>',
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  				      '<input class="button" type="submit" name="submit2" value="Donate with PayPal or Credit Card">',
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  				  '</div>',
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  					'<img src="/en/media/photos/legacy/inline/20150706donate490.jpg" width="490" height="128" style="display:block; float:none;" />',
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			$('#lightbox').attr('style', 'display:blcock; top:'+$('#lightbox').css('top')+'; left:0px; margin-top: 60px !important');
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			var temp2 = '<a href="http://internationalmayday.org/" target="_blank">' + temp1 + '</a>';
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				expires: expireDate,
				path: '/',
				domain: 'wsws.org',
				secure: false
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								'<img src="/en/media/photos/legacy/frontpage/lectures1917-event.jpg?v=16" style="max-width:100%;" />',
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							'<button style="background:#fff; border:none;">x</button>',
						'</div>',
					'</div>'
	  			];
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		  			var minutes = 180;
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			  			expires: expireDate,
			  			path: '/',
			  			domain: 'wsws.org',
			  			secure: false
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	  				'<div id="popupfundappeal">',
						'<div class="wrapper">',
							/*
							'<h4>The WSWS needs your support</h4>',
							'<p><a href="https://www.wsws.org/donate/" target="_blank">As we near the Jan 31 deadline for the WSWS New Year Fund, we ask our readers to make as large a contribution as possible and help us launch this year\'s work on solid financial footing. The on-the-spot reporting, daily analysis, videos and commentary presented by the WSWS are possible only with your support. Please donate now!</a></p>',
							'<p><a href="https://www.wsws.org/donate/" target="_blank">With sincere thanks,<br />WSWS Editorial Board</a></p>',
							*/
							/*
							'<h4>The WSWS is under attack.<br />Help us fight back!</h4>',
							'<p>The <em>World Socialist Web Site</em> is under attack. Google\'s new search algorithms have led to a 75 percent reduction in readers accessing the site from Google. The WSWS is engaged in a fight, and so are you. Please donate today</p>',
							'<a href="https://www.wsws.org/donate/" onclick="_paq.push([\'trackGoal\', 22]);" target="_blank"><span>Donate now</span> <span>→</span></a>',
							*/
							'<p style="font-weight:400;">The International Committee of the Fourth International is commemorating the centenary of the 1917 October Revolution with a series of online lectures. David North, chairman of the International Editorial Board of the <em>World Socialist Web Site</em>, will deliver the concluding lecture in the series, "The Place of the October Revolution in World History and Contemporary Politics."</p>',
							'<p style="font-weight:400;">The lecture will be streamed live on YouTube and Facebook on November 11 at 1:00 pm EST (6:00pm in London, 7:00pm in Berlin, 9:00pm in Moscow and 5:00 am Sunday in Sydney).</p>',		
							'<a href="/en/special/1917/lecture09.html"><span>Learn more</span> <span>→</span></a>',
							'<button>x</button>',
						'</div>',
					'</div>'
	  			];
	  			var html = htmlArray.join('');
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		  			_paq.push(['trackGoal', 23]);
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			  			path: '/',
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	  				$('#popupfundappeal').addClass('active');
	  			}, 2000);
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			'<div class="imageRight" style="width:200px; oveflow:hidden;">',
				'<a href="https://mehring.com/the-heritage-we-defend-a-contribution-to-the-history-of-the-fourth-international.html" target="_blank">',
					'<img src="https://mehring.com/media/catalog/product/cache/1/image/9df78eab33525d08d6e5fb8d27136e95/h/e/heritage_300_3.jpg" style="width:200px;">',
					'<span>Click here to order the English edition of <em>The Heritage We Defend</em></span>',
				'</a>',
			'</div>'
		];
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		$('#content > p').slice(-25,-24).before(html);
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