<!DOCTYPE html>

<html lang="en-US" class="no-js">
<head>
	<meta charset=""><script type="text/javascript">window.NREUM||(NREUM={}),__nr_require=function(e,t,n){function r(n){if(!t[n]){var o=t[n]={exports:{}};e[n][0].call(o.exports,function(t){var o=e[n][1][t];return r(o||t)},o,o.exports)}return t[n].exports}if("function"==typeof __nr_require)return __nr_require;for(var o=0;o<n.length;o++)r(n[o]);return r}({1:[function(e,t,n){function r(){}function o(e,t,n){return function(){return i(e,[f.now()].concat(u(arguments)),t?null:this,n),t?void 0:this}}var i=e("handle"),a=e(2),u=e(3),c=e("ee").get("tracer"),f=e("loader"),s=NREUM;"undefined"==typeof window.newrelic&&(newrelic=s);var p=["setPageViewName","setCustomAttribute","setErrorHandler","finished","addToTrace","inlineHit","addRelease"],d="api-",l=d+"ixn-";a(p,function(e,t){s[t]=o(d+t,!0,"api")}),s.addPageAction=o(d+"addPageAction",!0),s.setCurrentRouteName=o(d+"routeName",!0),t.exports=newrelic,s.interaction=function(){return(new r).get()};var m=r.prototype={createTracer:function(e,t){var n={},r=this,o="function"==typeof t;return i(l+"tracer",[f.now(),e,n],r),function(){if(c.emit((o?"":"no-")+"fn-start",[f.now(),r,o],n),o)try{return t.apply(this,arguments)}catch(e){throw c.emit("fn-err",[arguments,this,e],n),e}finally{c.emit("fn-end",[f.now()],n)}}}};a("setName,setAttribute,save,ignore,onEnd,getContext,end,get".split(","),function(e,t){m[t]=o(l+t)}),newrelic.noticeError=function(e){"string"==typeof e&&(e=new Error(e)),i("err",[e,f.now()])}},{}],2:[function(e,t,n){function r(e,t){var n=[],r="",i=0;for(r in e)o.call(e,r)&&(n[i]=t(r,e[r]),i+=1);return n}var o=Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty;t.exports=r},{}],3:[function(e,t,n){function r(e,t,n){t||(t=0),"undefined"==typeof n&&(n=e?e.length:0);for(var r=-1,o=n-t||0,i=Array(o<0?0:o);++r<o;)i[r]=e[t+r];return i}t.exports=r},{}],4:[function(e,t,n){t.exports={exists:"undefined"!=typeof window.performance&&window.performance.timing&&"undefined"!=typeof window.performance.timing.navigationStart}},{}],ee:[function(e,t,n){function r(){}function o(e){function t(e){return e&&e instanceof r?e:e?c(e,u,i):i()}function n(n,r,o,i){if(!d.aborted||i){e&&e(n,r,o);for(var a=t(o),u=m(n),c=u.length,f=0;f<c;f++)u[f].apply(a,r);var p=s[y[n]];return p&&p.push([b,n,r,a]),a}}function l(e,t){v[e]=m(e).concat(t)}function m(e){return v[e]||[]}function w(e){return p[e]=p[e]||o(n)}function g(e,t){f(e,function(e,n){t=t||"feature",y[n]=t,t in s||(s[t]=[])})}var v={},y={},b={on:l,emit:n,get:w,listeners:m,context:t,buffer:g,abort:a,aborted:!1};return b}function i(){return new r}function a(){(s.api||s.feature)&&(d.aborted=!0,s=d.backlog={})}var u="nr@context",c=e("gos"),f=e(2),s={},p={},d=t.exports=o();d.backlog=s},{}],gos:[function(e,t,n){function r(e,t,n){if(o.call(e,t))return e[t];var r=n();if(Object.defineProperty&&Object.keys)try{return Object.defineProperty(e,t,{value:r,writable:!0,enumerable:!1}),r}catch(i){}return e[t]=r,r}var o=Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty;t.exports=r},{}],handle:[function(e,t,n){function r(e,t,n,r){o.buffer([e],r),o.emit(e,t,n)}var o=e("ee").get("handle");t.exports=r,r.ee=o},{}],id:[function(e,t,n){function r(e){var t=typeof e;return!e||"object"!==t&&"function"!==t?-1:e===window?0:a(e,i,function(){return o++})}var o=1,i="nr@id",a=e("gos");t.exports=r},{}],loader:[function(e,t,n){function r(){if(!x++){var e=h.info=NREUM.info,t=d.getElementsByTagName("script")[0];if(setTimeout(s.abort,3e4),!(e&&e.licenseKey&&e.applicationID&&t))return s.abort();f(y,function(t,n){e[t]||(e[t]=n)}),c("mark",["onload",a()+h.offset],null,"api");var n=d.createElement("script");n.src="https://"+e.agent,t.parentNode.insertBefore(n,t)}}function o(){"complete"===d.readyState&&i()}function i(){c("mark",["domContent",a()+h.offset],null,"api")}function a(){return E.exists&&performance.now?Math.round(performance.now()):(u=Math.max((new Date).getTime(),u))-h.offset}var u=(new Date).getTime(),c=e("handle"),f=e(2),s=e("ee"),p=window,d=p.document,l="addEventListener",m="attachEvent",w=p.XMLHttpRequest,g=w&&w.prototype;NREUM.o={ST:setTimeout,SI:p.setImmediate,CT:clearTimeout,XHR:w,REQ:p.Request,EV:p.Event,PR:p.Promise,MO:p.MutationObserver};var v=""+location,y={beacon:"bam.nr-data.net",errorBeacon:"bam.nr-data.net",agent:"js-agent.newrelic.com/nr-1071.min.js"},b=w&&g&&g[l]&&!/CriOS/.test(navigator.userAgent),h=t.exports={offset:u,now:a,origin:v,features:{},xhrWrappable:b};e(1),d[l]?(d[l]("DOMContentLoaded",i,!1),p[l]("load",r,!1)):(d[m]("onreadystatechange",o),p[m]("onload",r)),c("mark",["firstbyte",u],null,"api");var x=0,E=e(4)},{}]},{},["loader"]);</script>
	<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
	<meta http-equiv="Content-Security-Policy" content="default-src https://* 'unsafe-inline' 'unsafe-eval' data:; upgrade-insecure-requests;">

	<style>
	@font-face{font-family:'MallorySubset';src:url(data:application/font-woff;charset=utf-8;base64,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)format('woff');unicode-range:U+0021-U+007E}body,caption,input,textarea,select,option,legend,fieldset{font-family:Georgia,"Times New Roman","Bitstream Vera Serif",serif;font-size:18px;line-height:28px}.fonts-stage-1 h1,.fonts-stage-1 h2,.fonts-stage-1 h3,.fonts-stage-1 h4,.fonts-stage-1 h5{font-family:MallorySubset,sans-serif;font-weight:bold;font-style:normal}
	</style>
	<script>
	!function(){if(sessionStorage.criticalFoftDataUriFontsLoaded)document.documentElement.className+=" fonts-stage-1 fonts-stage-2";else{!function(){function e(e,t){document.addEventListener?e.addEventListener("scroll",t,!1):e.attachEvent("scroll",t)}function t(e){document.body?e():document.addEventListener?document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",function t(){document.removeEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",t),e()}):document.attachEvent("onreadystatechange",function t(){"interactive"!=document.readyState&&"complete"!=document.readyState||(document.detachEvent("onreadystatechange",t),e())})}function n(e){this.a=document.createElement("div"),this.a.setAttribute("aria-hidden","true"),this.a.appendChild(document.createTextNode(e)),this.b=document.createElement("span"),this.c=document.createElement("span"),this.h=document.createElement("span"),this.f=document.createElement("span"),this.g=-1,this.b.style.cssText="max-width:none;display:inline-block;position:absolute;height:100%;width:100%;overflow:scroll;font-size:16px;",this.c.style.cssText="max-width:none;display:inline-block;position:absolute;height:100%;width:100%;overflow:scroll;font-size:16px;",this.f.style.cssText="max-width:none;display:inline-block;position:absolute;height:100%;width:100%;overflow:scroll;font-size:16px;",this.h.style.cssText="display:inline-block;width:200%;height:200%;font-size:16px;max-width:none;",this.b.appendChild(this.h),this.c.appendChild(this.f),this.a.appendChild(this.b),this.a.appendChild(this.c)}function o(e,t){e.a.style.cssText="max-width:none;min-width:20px;min-height:20px;display:inline-block;overflow:hidden;position:absolute;width:auto;margin:0;padding:0;top:-999px;left:-999px;white-space:nowrap;font:"+t+";"}function i(e){var t=e.a.offsetWidth,n=t+100;return e.f.style.width=n+"px",e.c.scrollLeft=n,e.b.scrollLeft=e.b.scrollWidth+100,e.g!==t&&(e.g=t,!0)}function a(t,n){function o(){var e=a;i(e)&&null!==e.a.parentNode&&n(e.g)}var a=t;e(t.b,o),e(t.c,o),i(t)}function s(e,t){var n=t||{};this.family=e,this.style=n.style||"normal",this.weight=n.weight||"normal",this.stretch=n.stretch||"normal"}function d(){if(null===r){var e=document.createElement("div");try{e.style.font="condensed 100px sans-serif"}catch(e){}r=""!==e.style.font}return r}function l(e,t){return[e.style,e.weight,d()?e.stretch:"","100px",t].join(" ")}var c=null,r=null,h=null;s.prototype.load=function(e,i){var s=this,d=e||"BESbswy",r=i||3e3,f=(new Date).getTime();return new Promise(function(e,i){if(null===h&&(h=!!window.FontFace),h){var u=new Promise(function(e,t){function n(){(new Date).getTime()-f>=r?t():document.fonts.load(l(s,s.family),d).then(function(t){1<=t.length?e():setTimeout(n,25)},function(){t()})}n()}),m=new Promise(function(e,t){setTimeout(t,r)});Promise.race([m,u]).then(function(){e(s)},function(){i(s)})}else t(function(){function t(){var t;(t=-1!=w&&-1!=v||-1!=w&&-1!=y||-1!=v&&-1!=y)&&((t=w!=v&&w!=y&&v!=y)||(null===c&&(t=/AppleWebKit\/([0-9]+)(?:\.([0-9]+))/.exec(window.navigator.userAgent),c=!!t&&(536>parseInt(t[1],10)||536===parseInt(t[1],10)&&11>=parseInt(t[2],10))),t=c&&(w==g&&v==g&&y==g||w==b&&v==b&&y==b||w==x&&v==x&&y==x)),t=!t),t&&(null!==E.parentNode&&E.parentNode.removeChild(E),clearTimeout(F),e(s))}function h(){if((new Date).getTime()-f>=r)null!==E.parentNode&&E.parentNode.removeChild(E),i(s);else{var e=document.hidden;!0!==e&&void 0!==e||(w=u.a.offsetWidth,v=m.a.offsetWidth,y=p.a.offsetWidth,t()),F=setTimeout(h,50)}}var u=new n(d),m=new n(d),p=new n(d),w=-1,v=-1,y=-1,g=-1,b=-1,x=-1,E=document.createElement("div"),F=0;E.dir="ltr",o(u,l(s,"sans-serif")),o(m,l(s,"serif")),o(p,l(s,"monospace")),E.appendChild(u.a),E.appendChild(m.a),E.appendChild(p.a),document.body.appendChild(E),g=u.a.offsetWidth,b=m.a.offsetWidth,x=p.a.offsetWidth,h(),a(u,function(e){w=e,t()}),o(u,l(s,'"'+s.family+'",sans-serif')),a(m,function(e){v=e,t()}),o(m,l(s,'"'+s.family+'",serif')),a(p,function(e){y=e,t()}),o(p,l(s,'"'+s.family+'",monospace'))})})},"undefined"!=typeof module?module.exports=s:(window.FontFaceObserver=s,window.FontFaceObserver.prototype.load=s.prototype.load)}();var e=new FontFaceObserver("MallorySubset");Promise.all([e.load()]).then(function(){document.documentElement.className+=" fonts-stage-1";var e=new FontFaceObserver("Mallory"),t=new FontFaceObserver("Calluna");Promise.all([e.load(),t.load()]).then(function(){document.documentElement.className+=" fonts-stage-2",sessionStorage.criticalFoftDataUriFontsLoaded=!0})})}}();
	</script>

	<title>&#8220;We Didn&#8217;t Have to Suffer Like That&#8221;: Inside a Texas Prison During Hurricane Harvey &#8211; Mother Jones</title>
<link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//s0.wp.com' />
<link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//s.w.org' />
<link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="Mother Jones &raquo; Feed" href="https://www.motherjones.com/feed/" />
<link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="Mother Jones &raquo; Comments Feed" href="https://www.motherjones.com/comments/feed/" />
		<script type="text/javascript">
			window._wpemojiSettings = {"baseUrl":"https:\/\/s.w.org\/images\/core\/emoji\/2.4\/72x72\/","ext":".png","svgUrl":"https:\/\/s.w.org\/images\/core\/emoji\/2.4\/svg\/","svgExt":".svg","source":{"concatemoji":"https:\/\/www.motherjones.com\/wp-includes\/js\/wp-emoji-release.min.js?ver=4.9.4"}};
			!function(a,b,c){function d(a,b){var c=String.fromCharCode;l.clearRect(0,0,k.width,k.height),l.fillText(c.apply(this,a),0,0);var d=k.toDataURL();l.clearRect(0,0,k.width,k.height),l.fillText(c.apply(this,b),0,0);var e=k.toDataURL();return d===e}function e(a){var b;if(!l||!l.fillText)return!1;switch(l.textBaseline="top",l.font="600 32px Arial",a){case"flag":return!(b=d([55356,56826,55356,56819],[55356,56826,8203,55356,56819]))&&(b=d([55356,57332,56128,56423,56128,56418,56128,56421,56128,56430,56128,56423,56128,56447],[55356,57332,8203,56128,56423,8203,56128,56418,8203,56128,56421,8203,56128,56430,8203,56128,56423,8203,56128,56447]),!b);case"emoji":return b=d([55357,56692,8205,9792,65039],[55357,56692,8203,9792,65039]),!b}return!1}function f(a){var c=b.createElement("script");c.src=a,c.defer=c.type="text/javascript",b.getElementsByTagName("head")[0].appendChild(c)}var g,h,i,j,k=b.createElement("canvas"),l=k.getContext&&k.getContext("2d");for(j=Array("flag","emoji"),c.supports={everything:!0,everythingExceptFlag:!0},i=0;i<j.length;i++)c.supports[j[i]]=e(j[i]),c.supports.everything=c.supports.everything&&c.supports[j[i]],"flag"!==j[i]&&(c.supports.everythingExceptFlag=c.supports.everythingExceptFlag&&c.supports[j[i]]);c.supports.everythingExceptFlag=c.supports.everythingExceptFlag&&!c.supports.flag,c.DOMReady=!1,c.readyCallback=function(){c.DOMReady=!0},c.supports.everything||(h=function(){c.readyCallback()},b.addEventListener?(b.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",h,!1),a.addEventListener("load",h,!1)):(a.attachEvent("onload",h),b.attachEvent("onreadystatechange",function(){"complete"===b.readyState&&c.readyCallback()})),g=c.source||{},g.concatemoji?f(g.concatemoji):g.wpemoji&&g.twemoji&&(f(g.twemoji),f(g.wpemoji)))}(window,document,window._wpemojiSettings);
		</script>
		<style type="text/css">
img.wp-smiley,
img.emoji {
	display: inline !important;
	border: none !important;
	box-shadow: none !important;
	height: 1em !important;
	width: 1em !important;
	margin: 0 .07em !important;
	vertical-align: -0.1em !important;
	background: none !important;
	padding: 0 !important;
}
</style>
<link rel='stylesheet' id='all-css-0' href='https://www.motherjones.com/_static/??-eJyVy0EOwiAQheELSUcWxnZhPAvBiZ0KA2Gm1t5e2nRpYtj9L3kfLNn4xIqsoCNGFIipRpkS1/YiILoG7CJxV9cJ/gP8kBraLy3MPUYUStxi0htLcGsLEVJciss/TZxNDvOTWGBCzc6/dnP0dr/Hm73Y3g7nob9+Aczad6w=' type='text/css' media='all' />
<script type='text/javascript'>
/* <![CDATA[ */
var mj_analytics_config = {"ga_authors":"nathalie-baptiste","chartbeat_authors":"Nathalie Baptiste","chartbeat_sections":"Crime and Justice"};
/* ]]> */
</script>
<script type='text/javascript' src='https://www.motherjones.com/_static/??/wp-includes/js/jquery/jquery.js,/wp-content/themes/motherjones/js/header-analytics.min.js?m=1518190987j'></script>
<link rel='https://api.w.org/' href='https://www.motherjones.com/wp-json/' />
<link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" title="RSD" href="https://www.motherjones.com/xmlrpc.php?rsd" />
<link rel="wlwmanifest" type="application/wlwmanifest+xml" href="https://www.motherjones.com/wp-includes/wlwmanifest.xml" /> 
<meta name="generator" content="WordPress 4.9.4" />
<link rel="canonical" href="https://www.motherjones.com/crime-justice/2017/11/we-didnt-have-to-suffer-like-that-inside-a-texas-prison-during-hurricane-harvey/" />
<link rel='shortlink' href='https://www.motherjones.com/?p=526368' />
<link rel="alternate" type="application/json+oembed" href="https://www.motherjones.com/wp-json/oembed/1.0/embed?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.motherjones.com%2Fcrime-justice%2F2017%2F11%2Fwe-didnt-have-to-suffer-like-that-inside-a-texas-prison-during-hurricane-harvey%2F" />
<link rel="alternate" type="text/xml+oembed" href="https://www.motherjones.com/wp-json/oembed/1.0/embed?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.motherjones.com%2Fcrime-justice%2F2017%2F11%2Fwe-didnt-have-to-suffer-like-that-inside-a-texas-prison-during-hurricane-harvey%2F&#038;format=xml" />
			<meta property="fb:pages" content="7642602143" />
							<meta property="ia:markup_url" content="https://www.motherjones.com/crime-justice/2017/11/we-didnt-have-to-suffer-like-that-inside-a-texas-prison-during-hurricane-harvey/?ia_markup=1" />
				<style type='text/css'>img#wpstats{display:none}</style><meta property="og:url" content="https://www.motherjones.com/crime-justice/2017/11/we-didnt-have-to-suffer-like-that-inside-a-texas-prison-during-hurricane-harvey/" />
<meta property="og:type" content="article" />
<meta property="og:title" content="&quot;We didn&#039;t have to suffer like that&quot;: Inside a Texas prison during Hurricane Harvey" />
<meta property="og:description" content="3,000 men, overflowing latrines, and limited food and water." />
<meta property="og:image" content="https://www.motherjones.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/20171107_prison-letter-collage-use.jpg?w=1200&amp;h=630&amp;crop=1" />
<meta property="article:published" content="2017-11-09T06:00:56+00:00" />
<meta property="article:modified" content="2017-11-09T01:05:36+00:00" />
<meta property="article:section" content="Crime and Justice" />
<meta property="article:tag" content="Climate Desk" />
<meta property="article:tag" content="Prisons" />
<meta property="article:author" content="Nathalie Baptiste" />
<meta property="og:site_name" content="Mother Jones" />
<meta property="fb:admins" content="13301307,670317733,1198876232,38509772,106892,2907757,306289,602422192,4101301,513450539" />
<meta property="fb:pages" content="7642602143" />
<meta property="fb:pages" content="1072916546168933" />
<meta property="fb:pages" content="416261761736915" />
<meta property="fb:pages" content="149244498452823" />
<meta property="fb:pages" content="111917028836008" />
<meta property="twitter:url" content="https://www.motherjones.com/crime-justice/2017/11/we-didnt-have-to-suffer-like-that-inside-a-texas-prison-during-hurricane-harvey/" />
<meta property="twitter:site" content="@Motherjones" />
<meta property="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image" />
<meta name="twitter:dnt" content="on" /><meta name="news_keywords" content="Crime and Justice, Climate Desk, Prisons" />
<meta name="google-site-verification" content="9SvJI7ZfkURoc8DVFBZdJyNMwX9dV1Zwt56xQU6ydCM" /><link rel="icon" href="https://www.motherjones.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/cropped-favicon-512x512.png?w=32" sizes="32x32" />
<link rel="icon" href="https://www.motherjones.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/cropped-favicon-512x512.png?w=192" sizes="192x192" />
<link rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" href="https://www.motherjones.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/cropped-favicon-512x512.png?w=180" />
<meta name="msapplication-TileImage" content="https://www.motherjones.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/cropped-favicon-512x512.png?w=270" />
</head>

<body class="post-template-default single single-post postid-526368 single-format-standard mj_content_type-article">
<a href="#main" class="visuallyhidden">Skip to main content</a>
<nav id="navbar" role="navigation">
	<ul>
		<li class="logo">
			<a href="/">
				<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 813.67 165.61"><path d="M53.72 97.86h-.39l-8.05-86.64H0v152.49h28.78v-85.9l-1.67-36.19 2.05 14.73 14.39 107.36h19.18L77.12 56.35l2.05-14.73-1.66 36.19v-.04 85.94h28.77V11.22H62.54l-8.82 86.64M391.4 87.12c0-33.06-1.23-58.67-34-58.67S321 61.67 321 91.17c0 37.54 5.56 74.1 39.71 74.1 19.34 0 30.18-17.68 30.18-17.68v-31.07s-8.4 21.23-24.62 21.23c-11.32 0-17.65-10.58-17.65-27.83h42c.01-3.49.78-13.92.78-22.8zm-42.79-3.22c0-13.9 1.92-24.9 9.6-24.9 8.25 0 10.17 12.31 10.17 24.94zM148.49 28.44c-38.75 0-38.75 27.18-38.75 65.11 0 43.53 3.93 71.72 38.75 71.72s38.75-26 38.75-75c.01-35.87.01-61.83-38.75-61.83zm0 104.47c-9.21 0-10-5-10-36.06 0-29.34.77-36.06 10-36.06s10 7.08 10 36.06c-.02 27.23-.79 36.07-10 36.07zM442.34 28.44c-9.37 0-13.73 8.49-16 17.24l-2.56 19.49V30h-29v133.7h31.08V92.19c0-26 7.86-30.34 15.94-30.34 11.79 0 14.55 14.16 14.55 14.16V35.77s-5.48-7.33-14.01-7.33zm-145.72 0c-10.55 0-17.44 7.48-19.7 18.65l-2.17 12.5V11.22h-31.08v152.49h31.08V74.29c0-5.13.44-13.88 6.33-13.88s5.37 7.57 5.37 14.67v88.63h31.08V50.92c0-11.48-4.8-22.48-20.91-22.48zm261.29.34c-38.75 0-38.75 27.18-38.75 65.11 0 43.53 3.93 71.72 38.75 71.72s38.75-26 38.75-75c0-35.87 0-61.83-38.75-61.83zm0 104.47c-9.21 0-10-5-10-36.06 0-29.34.77-36.06 10-36.06s10 7.08 10 36.06c-.03 27.22-.8 36.06-10 36.06zm95.16-104.81c-10.55 0-17.44 7.48-19.7 18.65l-2.18 12.5V30h-31.07v133.7h31.08V74.29c0-5.13.44-13.88 6.33-13.88s5.37 7.59 5.37 14.67v88.63H674V50.92c0-11.48-4.82-22.48-20.93-22.48zm-196.65 91.04v35.95s5.38 9.57 24.19 9.57c28.22 0 35.09-23.13 35.09-48.79v-105h-28.78v92.09c0 26-7.86 30.34-15.94 30.34-11.8-.01-14.56-14.16-14.56-14.16zm294.37-2.96c2.8 10.71 8.62 21.34 21.82 21.34 8.73 0 12.83-3 13.24-11.5.89-18.69-34.34-27.06-34.34-59.75 0-28.46 13.87-38.16 33.77-38.16 11.63 0 23.26 7.85 26.62 15.53V76c-3.36-9.36-10.27-20.08-19.8-20.08-7.55 0-11.17 3.6-11.51 10.72-.92 19.3 33.09 26.18 33.09 56.64 0 25.71-9 42-34.34 42-20.13 0-28.54-17.68-28.54-17.68zm-2.95-29.4c0-33.06-1.23-58.67-34-58.67s-36.45 33.23-36.45 62.73c0 37.54 5.56 74.1 39.71 74.1 19.34 0 30.18-17.68 30.18-17.68v-31.08s-8.4 21.23-24.62 21.23c-11.32 0-17.65-10.58-17.65-27.83h42c.07-3.49.83-13.92.83-22.8zm-42.78-3.22c0-13.9 1.94-24.9 9.6-24.9 8.25 0 10.17 12.31 10.17 24.94z"/><path class="cls-1" d="M221.79 0l-37 33.52s5.88 14.91 5.88 40.66v65.18c0 18.45 10.74 25.93 25.9 25.93 10.43 0 17.28-2.83 23.6-8.49v-27.63c-2.51 4.56-5.31 7-9.72 7-4.67 0-8.69-3.38-8.69-10.79V58.2h18.44V30h-18.41z"/></svg>
			</a>
		</li>
					<li class="nav-title">
				&#8220;We Didn&#8217;t Have to Suffer Like That&#8221;: Inside a Texas Prison During Hurricane Harvey			</li>
			<li class="share-button facebook">
				<a class="social" href="http://facebook.com/sharer.php?u=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.motherjones.com%2Fcrime-justice%2F2017%2F11%2Fwe-didnt-have-to-suffer-like-that-inside-a-texas-prison-during-hurricane-harvey%2F" target="_blank" onclick="ga(&quot;send&quot;, &quot;event&quot;, &quot;Navbar|Floating&quot;, &quot;FacebookShare|Click&quot;);"><i class="icon-facebook"></i><span class="share-text">Share on Facebook</span></a>			</li>
			<li class="share-button twitter">
				<a class="social" target="_blank" href="https://twitter.com/intent/tweet?text=%22We%20didn%27t%20have%20to%20suffer%20like%20that%22%3A%20Inside%20a%20Texas%20prison%20during%20Hurricane%20Harvey&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.motherjones.com%2Fcrime-justice%2F2017%2F11%2Fwe-didnt-have-to-suffer-like-that-inside-a-texas-prison-during-hurricane-harvey%2F&amp;via=MotherJones" onclick="ga(&quot;send&quot;, &quot;event&quot;, &quot;Navbar|Floating&quot;, &quot;TwitterShare|Click&quot;);"><i class="icon-twitter"></i><span class="share-text">Share on Twitter</span></a>			</li>
				<li class="menu-button">
 			<a
				 onclick="expandMenu(); ga(&quot;send&quot;, &quot;event&quot;, &quot;Navbar|Floating&quot;, &quot;MenuExpand|Click&quot;);"			>
				<svg width="25px" height="25px" enable-background="new 0 0 125 125" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 125 125" xml:space="preserve" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
					<path d="m0 100.87"/>
					<rect y="30" width="125" height="15"/>
					<rect y="70" width="125" height="15"/>
					<rect y="110" width="125" height="15"/>
				</svg>
			</a>
		</li>
		<li class="donate-link article-page">
			<a href="https://secure.motherjones.com/fnx/?action=SUBSCRIPTION&b_country=United+States&pub_code=DON&term_pub=DON&list_source=7HEGP002&term=XX.1.50.00.DON.D.0.7252"
				title="Donate"
				target="_blank"
				 onclick="ga(&quot;send&quot;, &quot;event&quot;, &quot;Navbar|Floating&quot;, &quot;Donate|Click&quot;);"			>Donate</a>
		</li>
		<li class="subscribe-link article-page hidden-xxs">
			<a href="https://secure.motherjones.com/fnx/?action=SUBSCRIPTION&b_country=United+States&pub_code=MJM&term_pub=MJM&list_source=SEGYN1"
				title="Subscribe"
				target="_blank"
				 onclick="ga(&quot;send&quot;, &quot;event&quot;, &quot;Navbar|Floating&quot;, &quot;Subscribe|Click&quot;);"			>Subscribe</a>
		</li>
	</ul>
	<div id="mj_menu_select" class="menu-floating-navbar-container"><ul id="mj_menu_options"><li id="menu-item-406692" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-406692"><a href="https://www.motherjones.com/search/">Search</a></li>
<li id="menu-item-405555" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-405555"><a href="https://www.motherjones.com/./politics/">Politics</a></li>
<li id="menu-item-405556" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-405556"><a href="https://www.motherjones.com/./environment/">Environment</a></li>
<li id="menu-item-405557" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-405557"><a href="https://www.motherjones.com/./media/">Media</a></li>
<li id="menu-item-405558" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category current-post-ancestor current-menu-parent current-post-parent menu-item-405558"><a href="https://www.motherjones.com/./crime-justice/">Crime and Justice</a></li>
<li id="menu-item-405559" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-405559"><a href="https://www.motherjones.com/./food/">Food</a></li>
<li id="menu-item-405560" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-post_tag menu-item-405560"><a href="https://www.motherjones.com/topics/guns/">Guns</a></li>
<li id="menu-item-405561" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-post_tag menu-item-405561"><a href="https://www.motherjones.com/topics/dark-money/">Dark Money</a></li>
<li id="menu-item-405562" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-post_tag menu-item-405562"><a href="https://www.motherjones.com/topics/photoessays/">Photos</a></li>
<li id="menu-item-405563" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-post_tag menu-item-405563"><a href="https://www.motherjones.com/topics/investigations/">Investigations</a></li>
<li id="menu-item-405598" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-405598"><a href="https://www.motherjones.com/podcasts/">Podcasts</a></li>
<li id="menu-item-405565" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-405565"><a href="https://www.motherjones.com/./kevin-drum/">Kevin Drum</a></li>
<li id="menu-item-405566" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-405566"><a href="https://www.motherjones.com/about/">About</a></li>
<li id="menu-item-405567" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-405567"><a href="https://secure.motherjones.com/fnx/?action=SUBSCRIPTION&#038;b_country=United+States&#038;pub_code=MJM&#038;term_pub=MJM&#038;list_source=SEGYN1A">Subscribe</a></li>
<li id="menu-item-405568" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-405568"><a href="https://secure.motherjones.com/fnx/?action=SUBSCRIPTION&#038;b_country=United+States&#038;pub_code=DON&#038;term_pub=DON&#038;list_source=7HEGP003&#038;term=XX.1.50.00.DON.D.0.7343">Donate</a></li>
<li id="menu-item-405960" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-405960"><a href="https://www.motherjones.com/about/interact-engage-free-email-newsletter/">Newsletter</a></li>
</ul></div></nav>
<!-- end following navbar -->
<div class='dfw-unit' data-adunit='Site_Skin_Left' id='Site_Skin_Left' data-size-mapping='mapping1'></div><div class='dfw-unit' data-adunit='Site_Skin_Right' id='Site_Skin_Right' data-size-mapping='mapping2'></div><div id="overlay-ad-bg" class="hidden"><div class="overlay-ad-wrapper"><p class="overlay-ad-aux"><span class="ad-label">Advertisement</span><span class="close">Close X</span></p><div class='dfw-unit' data-adunit='Overlay' id='Overlay' data-size-mapping='mapping3'></div></div></div><div id="page" class="grid">
	<div id="TopROS970x250" class="ad-unit grid__col-12"><div class='dfw-unit' data-adunit='ROS_ATF_970x250' id='ROS_ATF_970x250' data-size-mapping='mapping4'></div></div>
	<header id="masthead" class="site-header grid__col-12 grid__col--bleed" role="banner">
		<nav id="static-navbar" role="navigation">
	<a name="navigation" id="navigation"></a>
	<ul class="menu">
		<li class="first menu-item-home">
			<a href="/" title="Mother Jones Homepage">
				<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 813.67 165.61"><path d="M53.72 97.86h-.39l-8.05-86.64H0v152.49h28.78v-85.9l-1.67-36.19 2.05 14.73 14.39 107.36h19.18L77.12 56.35l2.05-14.73-1.66 36.19v-.04 85.94h28.77V11.22H62.54l-8.82 86.64M391.4 87.12c0-33.06-1.23-58.67-34-58.67S321 61.67 321 91.17c0 37.54 5.56 74.1 39.71 74.1 19.34 0 30.18-17.68 30.18-17.68v-31.07s-8.4 21.23-24.62 21.23c-11.32 0-17.65-10.58-17.65-27.83h42c.01-3.49.78-13.92.78-22.8zm-42.79-3.22c0-13.9 1.92-24.9 9.6-24.9 8.25 0 10.17 12.31 10.17 24.94zM148.49 28.44c-38.75 0-38.75 27.18-38.75 65.11 0 43.53 3.93 71.72 38.75 71.72s38.75-26 38.75-75c.01-35.87.01-61.83-38.75-61.83zm0 104.47c-9.21 0-10-5-10-36.06 0-29.34.77-36.06 10-36.06s10 7.08 10 36.06c-.02 27.23-.79 36.07-10 36.07zM442.34 28.44c-9.37 0-13.73 8.49-16 17.24l-2.56 19.49V30h-29v133.7h31.08V92.19c0-26 7.86-30.34 15.94-30.34 11.79 0 14.55 14.16 14.55 14.16V35.77s-5.48-7.33-14.01-7.33zm-145.72 0c-10.55 0-17.44 7.48-19.7 18.65l-2.17 12.5V11.22h-31.08v152.49h31.08V74.29c0-5.13.44-13.88 6.33-13.88s5.37 7.57 5.37 14.67v88.63h31.08V50.92c0-11.48-4.8-22.48-20.91-22.48zm261.29.34c-38.75 0-38.75 27.18-38.75 65.11 0 43.53 3.93 71.72 38.75 71.72s38.75-26 38.75-75c0-35.87 0-61.83-38.75-61.83zm0 104.47c-9.21 0-10-5-10-36.06 0-29.34.77-36.06 10-36.06s10 7.08 10 36.06c-.03 27.22-.8 36.06-10 36.06zm95.16-104.81c-10.55 0-17.44 7.48-19.7 18.65l-2.18 12.5V30h-31.07v133.7h31.08V74.29c0-5.13.44-13.88 6.33-13.88s5.37 7.59 5.37 14.67v88.63H674V50.92c0-11.48-4.82-22.48-20.93-22.48zm-196.65 91.04v35.95s5.38 9.57 24.19 9.57c28.22 0 35.09-23.13 35.09-48.79v-105h-28.78v92.09c0 26-7.86 30.34-15.94 30.34-11.8-.01-14.56-14.16-14.56-14.16zm294.37-2.96c2.8 10.71 8.62 21.34 21.82 21.34 8.73 0 12.83-3 13.24-11.5.89-18.69-34.34-27.06-34.34-59.75 0-28.46 13.87-38.16 33.77-38.16 11.63 0 23.26 7.85 26.62 15.53V76c-3.36-9.36-10.27-20.08-19.8-20.08-7.55 0-11.17 3.6-11.51 10.72-.92 19.3 33.09 26.18 33.09 56.64 0 25.71-9 42-34.34 42-20.13 0-28.54-17.68-28.54-17.68zm-2.95-29.4c0-33.06-1.23-58.67-34-58.67s-36.45 33.23-36.45 62.73c0 37.54 5.56 74.1 39.71 74.1 19.34 0 30.18-17.68 30.18-17.68v-31.08s-8.4 21.23-24.62 21.23c-11.32 0-17.65-10.58-17.65-27.83h42c.07-3.49.83-13.92.83-22.8zm-42.78-3.22c0-13.9 1.94-24.9 9.6-24.9 8.25 0 10.17 12.31 10.17 24.94z"/><path class="cls-1" d="M221.79 0l-37 33.52s5.88 14.91 5.88 40.66v65.18c0 18.45 10.74 25.93 25.9 25.93 10.43 0 17.28-2.83 23.6-8.49v-27.63c-2.51 4.56-5.31 7-9.72 7-4.67 0-8.69-3.38-8.69-10.79V58.2h18.44V30h-18.41z"/></svg>
			</a>
		</li>
		<li id="menu-item-405545" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-405545"><a href="https://www.motherjones.com/./politics/">Politics</a></li>
<li id="menu-item-405546" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-405546"><a href="https://www.motherjones.com/./environment/">Environment</a></li>
<li id="menu-item-405547" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-405547"><a href="https://www.motherjones.com/./food/">Food</a></li>
<li id="menu-item-405548" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-405548"><a href="https://www.motherjones.com/./media/">Media</a></li>
<li id="menu-item-405549" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category current-post-ancestor current-menu-parent current-post-parent menu-item-405549"><a href="https://www.motherjones.com/./crime-justice/">Crime &amp; Justice</a></li>
<li id="menu-item-405550" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-post_tag menu-item-405550"><a href="https://www.motherjones.com/topics/photoessays/">Photos</a></li>
<li id="menu-item-405551" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-post_tag menu-item-405551"><a href="https://www.motherjones.com/topics/investigations/">Investigations</a></li>
<li id="menu-item-405552" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-405552"><a href="/magazine">Magazine</a></li>
		<li class="menu-item-subscribe">
			<a
				href="https://secure.motherjones.com/fnx/?action=SUBSCRIPTION&b_country=United+States&pub_code=MJM&term_pub=MJM&list_source=SEGYN"
				title="Subscribe"
				 onclick="ga(&quot;send&quot;, &quot;event&quot;, &quot;Navbar|Static&quot;, &quot;Subscribe|Click&quot;);"			>Subscribe</a>
		</li>
		<li class="last menu-item-donate">
			<a
				href="https://secure.motherjones.com/fnx/?action=SUBSCRIPTION&b_country=United+States&pub_code=DON&term_pub=DON&list_source=7HEGP001&term=XX.1.50.00.DON.D.0.2157"
				title="Donate"
				 onclick="ga(&quot;send&quot;, &quot;event&quot;, &quot;Navbar|Static&quot;, &quot;Donate|Click&quot;);"			>Donate</a>
		</li>
	</ul>
</nav>
	</header><!-- .site-header -->

	
<main id="main" class="site-main grid" role="main">

<header class="entry-header grid__col-12">
	<h1 class="entry-title">&#8220;We Didn&#8217;t Have to Suffer Like That&#8221;: Inside a Texas Prison During Hurricane Harvey</h1><h3 class="dek">3,000 men, overflowing latrines, and limited food and water.</h3>	<p class="byline-dateline">
		<span class="byline"><a href="https://www.motherjones.com/author/nathalie-baptiste/" title="Posts by Nathalie Baptiste">Nathalie Baptiste</a></span><span class="dateline">Nov. 9, 2017 6:00 AM</span>	</p>
	<div class="social-container top hidden-xs hidden-xxs">
			<ul>
				<li class="facebook"><a class="social" href="http://facebook.com/sharer.php?u=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.motherjones.com%2Fcrime-justice%2F2017%2F11%2Fwe-didnt-have-to-suffer-like-that-inside-a-texas-prison-during-hurricane-harvey%2F" target="_blank" onclick="ga(&quot;send&quot;, &quot;event&quot;, &quot;TopOfArticle&quot;, &quot;FacebookShare|Click&quot;);"><i class="icon-facebook"></i><span class="share-text">Share on Facebook</span></a></li>
				<li class="twitter"><a class="social" target="_blank" href="https://twitter.com/intent/tweet?text=%22We%20didn%27t%20have%20to%20suffer%20like%20that%22%3A%20Inside%20a%20Texas%20prison%20during%20Hurricane%20Harvey&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.motherjones.com%2Fcrime-justice%2F2017%2F11%2Fwe-didnt-have-to-suffer-like-that-inside-a-texas-prison-during-hurricane-harvey%2F&amp;via=MotherJones" onclick="ga(&quot;send&quot;, &quot;event&quot;, &quot;TopOfArticle&quot;, &quot;TwitterShare|Click&quot;);"><i class="icon-twitter"></i><span class="share-text">Share on Twitter</span></a></li><li class="email"><a href="mailto:?subject=%E2%80%9CWe%20Didn%E2%80%99t%20Have%20to%20Suffer%20Like%20That%E2%80%9D%3A%20Inside%20a%20Texas%20Prison%20During%20Hurricane%20Harvey&body=In%20late%20August%2C%20Hurricane%20Harvey%20made%20landfall%20on%20the%20southeast%20Texas%20coast%20bringing%20with%20it%20extreme%20winds%20and%20dropping%20more%20than%20four%20feet%20of%20rain%20across%20Houston%20and%20the%20surrounding%20area.%20The%20catastrophic%20flooding%20caused%20thousands%20to%20evacuate%2C%20including%20many%C2%A0state%20prisoners%20who%20were%20moved%C2%A0to%20drier%20and%20safer%20facilities%20elsewhere%20in%20the%20state.%20But%20the%C2%A03%2C000%20men%C2%A0inside%20%5B%E2%80%A6%5Dhttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.motherjones.com%2Fcrime-justice%2F2017%2F11%2Fwe-didnt-have-to-suffer-like-that-inside-a-texas-prison-during-hurricane-harvey%2F" target="_blank" onclick="ga(&quot;send&quot;, &quot;event&quot;, &quot;TopOfArticle&quot;, &quot;Email|Click&quot;);"><i class="icon-mail"></i><span class="share-text">Email</span></a></li><li class="print"><a href="#" title="Print this article" rel="nofollow" onclick='window.print(); ga(&quot;send&quot;, &quot;event&quot;, &quot;TopOfArticle&quot;, &quot;Print|Click&quot;);\'><i class="icon-print"></i><span class="share-text">Print</span></a></li></ul></div><meta itemprop="description" content="In late August, Hurricane Harvey made landfall on the southeast Texas coast bringing with it extreme winds and dropping more than four feet of rain across Houston and the surrounding area. The catastrophic flooding caused thousands to evacuate, including many&nbsp;state prisoners who were moved&nbsp;to drier and safer facilities elsewhere in the state. But the&nbsp;3,000 men&nbsp;inside [&hellip;]" />
<meta itemprop="datePublished" content="2017-11-09T06:00:56+00:00" />
<meta itemprop="dateModified" content="2017-11-09T01:05:36+00:00" />
<meta itemprop="image" content="https://www.motherjones.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/20171107_prison-letter-collage-use.jpg?w=208&amp;h=117&amp;crop=1" /></header><!-- .entry-header -->

<section id="post-526368" class="hnews hentry item grid__col-md-8 grid__col-sm-12 post-526368 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail category-crime-justice tag-climate-desk tag-prisons mj_content_type-article featured-media featured-media-image" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Article">

	<article class="entry-content" itemprop="articleBody">
		
<div class="hero is-image ">
	<img width="990" height="557" src="https://www.motherjones.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/20171107_prison-letter-collage-use.jpg?w=990" class="attachment-large size-large wp-post-image" alt="" /><p class="wp-caption-text"><span class="media-credit">Mother Jones Illustration; Bruno Monteny/Getty; kodda/Getty</p></div>

		<div class="newsletter-signup grid">
			<div class="grid__col-sm-6 grid__col-xs-12">
				<h5>Looking for news you can trust?<br/>Subscribe to our free newsletters.</h5>
			</div>
			<div class="grid__col-sm-6 grid__col-xs-12">
				<form
					action="https://api.maropost.com/accounts/585/forms/3289/subscribe/177d8ba3b7fe7d39e28dcba73123eeffbd01878b"
					method="post"
					 onsubmit="ga(&quot;send&quot;, &quot;event&quot;, &quot;TopOfArticle&quot;, &quot;NewsletterSignup|Click&quot;); return mj_check_email(this);"				>
					<input include_blank="true" start_year="1950" type="hidden" name="custom_fields[outreach_affiliate_code]" id="custom_fields_outreach_affiliate_code" value="Article_Top" />
					<input include_blank="true" start_year="1950" type="hidden" name="custom_fields[signup_url]" id="signup_url" value="" />
					<input type="hidden" value="" id="email_field" name="email_const_mp" />
					<input include_blank="true" start_year="1950" name="contact_fields[email]" id="cons_email" placeholder="Email" type="text" />
					<input id="newsletter-signup" type="submit" name="commit" id="submit" value="Sign Up" />
				</form>
			</div>
			<script>ga("send", "event", "TopOfArticle", "NewsletterSignup|Displayed");</script>		</div>

		<p>In late August, Hurricane Harvey made landfall on the southeast Texas coast bringing with it extreme winds and dropping more than four feet of rain across Houston and the surrounding area. The catastrophic flooding caused thousands to evacuate, including many&nbsp;state prisoners <a href="https://www.texastribune.org/2017/08/29/two-more-texas-prisons-evacuated-harvey-flooding-continues/">who were moved</a>&nbsp;to drier and safer facilities elsewhere in the state. But the&nbsp;3,000 men&nbsp;inside Stiles Unit, a&nbsp;Texas state prison near&nbsp;Beaumont,&nbsp;were forced to ride out the storm.&nbsp;Conditions quickly became unbearable.</p>
<p>&#8220;Us inmates knew we were in trouble when breakfast consisting of 2 boiled eggs and a piece of cornbread were delivered to our cells,&#8221;&nbsp;David Hartvikson wrote. &#8220;With no way of flushing our toilets because of no water the feces and urine built up and the smell was horrible in the cell.&#8221;</p>
<p>Hartvikson&nbsp;is 55 years old and serving a <a href="https://offender.tdcj.texas.gov/OffenderSearch/offenderDetail.action?sid=08864528">20-year sentence</a>&nbsp;at Stiles for aggravated robbery with a deadly weapon. Several weeks after the storm, he wrote Sloan Rucker,&nbsp;a Texas woman who advocates for better treatment of prison inmates and is his pen pal.&nbsp;<em>Mother Jones&nbsp;</em>obtained the letter and&nbsp;confirmed his identity by checking the Texas Department of Criminal Justice offender database and matching it with a grievance complaint Hartvikson filed to TDCJ in October.&nbsp;Hartvikson describes increasingly desperate circumstances in the prison with inadequate food, overflowing toilets, and a lack of drinkable water.</p>
<aside class="pullquote-left">&#8220;Us inmates knew we were in trouble when breakfast consisting of 2 boiled eggs and a piece of cornbread were delivered to our cells.&#8221;</aside>
<p>&#8220;We did not have to suffer like that,&#8221; he&nbsp;wrote.</p>
<p>Legal experts agree.&nbsp;&#8220;The courts have made clear that prisoners are constitutionally entitled to be housed in conditions of reasonable safety,&#8221; David Fathi, the director of the ACLU&#8217;s <a href="https://www.aclu.org/other/aclu-national-prison-project">National Prison Project</a>&nbsp;says.&nbsp;The conditions Hartvikson allege are anything but reasonable or safe.</p>
<p>The Category 4 storm made landfall in Rockport, a small town on the Gulf Coast on Friday, August 25. The next day, the storm slammed into Beaumont, a city&nbsp;of 118,000&nbsp;located 85 miles east of Houston.&nbsp;&nbsp;Four prisons&nbsp;are there—three of them&nbsp;state facilities and one federal—and the town&nbsp;was hit hard by Harvey.&nbsp;Its <a href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/post-nation/wp/2017/09/01/harveys-wake-drifts-north-as-battered-coast-left-with-lingering-perils-and-staggering-recovery/">water pressure system failed</a>&nbsp;leaving residents with little access clean water. They were <a href="http://beaumonttexas.gov/public-information-boil-water-notice-rescind/">told to boil their water</a> starting on September 1. The notice was lifted eight days later.&nbsp;</p>
<p>After the storm, the <a href="http://www.chron.com/news/houston-texas/article/Texas-prisons-take-hit-from-Harvey-complaints-of-12172438.php"><em>Houston Chronicle</em> reported</a> that Clifton Cloer, another inmate at the Stiles Unit, told his wife that the facility had flooded and that the water was up to his knees.&nbsp;Conditions&nbsp;at the prison&nbsp;began to deteriorate in the pre-dawn hours on&nbsp;Monday, August 28.&nbsp;&#8220;The water at the prison was shut off without notice,&#8221;&nbsp;Hartvikson writes in his four-page letter, &#8220;and the ceilings in our cells started leaking, causing dirty water to pool up on our floors.&#8221; <del></del></p>
<p>The Texas Department of Criminal Justice <a href="http://www.chron.com/news/houston-texas/article/Texas-prisons-take-hit-from-Harvey-complaints-of-12172438.php">denied those reports</a>, saying that the prison had been inspected, and there was no water in any of the state facilities. &#8220;I spoke with offenders and given the situation they were in good spirits,&#8221; TDCJ spokesman Jason Clark said. But Hartvikson&#8217;s allegations echo Cloer&#8217;s.</p>
<p>Unable to flush the toilets, the smell quickly became unbearable,&nbsp;he notes, &#8220;They left us locked in an 8 by 12 foot cell for several days with feces and urine piling up in our toilets.&#8221; Hartvikson alleges that the prison did not provide enough portable toilets; he says only two were provided for his cell block of 450 people.</p>
<p>&#8220;Why weren&#8217;t arrangements for food, water, toilets, and things of that nature made for the inmates in the days leading up to the storm?&#8221; Hartvikson writes.&nbsp;</p>
<p>Supplies dwindled throughout the week. Hartvikson says he and his fellow inmates were only given four bottles of water, or 48 ounces of water, between August 27 and August 31—the Mayo Clinic <a href="https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/nutrition-and-healthy-eating/in-depth/water/art-20044256">suggests that men require at least&nbsp;124 ounces</a> of fluid a day. Hartvikson also says their meals shrunk drastically. &#8220;Some of are [sic] meals during that time were just 1 peanut butter sandwich.&#8221;</p>
<p>Jason Clark, a spokesman for TDCJ, refutes the claims that conditions were poor during Hurricane Harvey.&nbsp;&#8220;I visited all 3 state facilities in Beaumont during the storm and the allegations are not accurate,&#8221; he said in a statement to <em>Mother Jones</em>. Clark says that in addition to thousands of gallon water tankers on-site, 270,000 water bottles were delivered and &#8220;offenders had access to food, water, and toilets.&#8221;</p>
<p>By Tuesday, August 29, <a href="https://www.texastribune.org/2017/08/29/two-more-texas-prisons-evacuated-harvey-flooding-continues/">nearly 6,000 inmates</a> from five other Texas state prisons&nbsp;had been evacuated, including <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2017/08/26/us/hurricane-harvey-prison-evacuation.html?_r=0">three prisons</a> that had been evacuated in May and June, when the Brazos River flooded after heavy rainfall. Inmates finally returned to their facilities after two weeks.&nbsp;</p>
<p>This isn&#8217;t the first time incarcerated people in Texas have alleged dismal conditions during hurricanes.&nbsp;In 2008, as Hurricane Ike barreled towards Galveston, the county jail <a href="https://www.texascivilrightsproject.org/en/wp-content/uploads/2016/04/TCRP_2009_HumanRights.pdf">decided not to evacuate</a> the 1,000 people being held at the facility. The city&#8217;s mayor had issued an mandatory evacuation and the National Weather Service&nbsp;warned&nbsp;that anyone who stayed behind was facing &#8220;certain death.&#8221; During the storm, detainees said they could hear air conditioning units banging against the building. Water seeped into their sleeping quarters and caused ceiling tiles to fall off. Once the storm passed, detainees and inmates dealt with a <a href="https://www.texascivilrightsproject.org/en/wp-content/uploads/2016/04/TCRP_2009_HumanRights.pdf">dire sanitation situation</a> and a food and water shortage.&nbsp;Four days after the storm, officials from the Texas Commission on Jail Standards <a href="https://www.texascivilrightsproject.org/en/wp-content/uploads/2016/04/TCRP_2009_HumanRights.pdf">visited the facility</a> and determined that conditions were satisfactory.</p>
<p>&#8220;Prisons and jails need to have contingency plans for these kinds of emergencies,&#8221; Fathi says, &#8220;including workable evacuation plans.&#8221;</p>
<p>During Harvey, the flooding was so widespread that many correctional officers were either stuck at work or unable to make the commute.&nbsp;&#8220;If you look at any of the maps from the flooding,&#8221; Lance Lowry, the head of the Texas prison guard union <a href="https://www.democracynow.org/2017/9/8/texas_prisoners_are_facing_horrid_conditions">told <em>Democracy Now</em></a>, &#8220;you can clearly see that the roadways going in and out of the majority of the facilities were severely flooded.&#8221; Not only were some inmates not evacuated, many prisons were dealing with staffing shortages which can be dangerous.</p>
<p>From&nbsp;Hartvikson&#8217;s perspective, staffers at the prison were well taken care of during the storm. &#8220;Arrangements were made for all staff and guards, but nothing for the inmates,&#8221; he said. He believes the storm points to a bigger problem:&#8221;Once again we inmates our [sic] no better then [sic] hogs in the eyes of the TDCJ staff.&#8221;</p>
	</article>

	<footer class="entry-footer">
		<a href="/topics/climate-desk"><img class="topic-banner" src="https://www.motherjones.com/wp-content/themes/motherjones/img/topic-banners/climate-desk-630-60.png" alt="More MotherJones reporting on Climate Desk" /></a><section id="mj-article-bottom-membership-widget-3" class="widget mj-article-bottom-membership-widget"><h3 class="subheader">Fact:</h3><p><em>Mother Jones</em> was founded as a nonprofit in 1976 because we knew corporations and the wealthy wouldn’t fund the type of hard-hitting journalism we set out to do.</p>
<p>Today, reader support makes up about two-thirds of our budget, allows us to dig deep on stories that matter, and lets us keep our reporting free for everyone. If you value what you get from <em>Mother Jones</em>, <strong>please join us with a tax-deductible donation</strong> so we can keep on doing the type of journalism that 2018 demands. </p>		
		<a
			class="btn"
			target="_blank"
			href="https://secure.motherjones.com/fnx/?action=SUBSCRIPTION&amp;pub_code=DON&amp;term_pub=DON&amp;b_country=United+States&amp;list_source=7HEGPDAA&amp;term=XX.1.50.00.DON.D.0.9507"
			 onclick="ga(&quot;send&quot;, &quot;event&quot;, &quot;ArticleBottomMembershipWidget&quot;, &quot;Donate|Click&quot;);"		>
			Donate Now		</a>
		</section><div class="social-container bottom">
			<ul>
				<li class="facebook"><a class="social" href="http://facebook.com/sharer.php?u=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.motherjones.com%2Fcrime-justice%2F2017%2F11%2Fwe-didnt-have-to-suffer-like-that-inside-a-texas-prison-during-hurricane-harvey%2F" target="_blank" onclick="ga(&quot;send&quot;, &quot;event&quot;, &quot;EndOfArticle&quot;, &quot;FacebookShare|Click&quot;);"><i class="icon-facebook"></i><span class="share-text">Share on Facebook</span></a></li>
				<li class="twitter"><a class="social" target="_blank" href="https://twitter.com/intent/tweet?text=%22We%20didn%27t%20have%20to%20suffer%20like%20that%22%3A%20Inside%20a%20Texas%20prison%20during%20Hurricane%20Harvey&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.motherjones.com%2Fcrime-justice%2F2017%2F11%2Fwe-didnt-have-to-suffer-like-that-inside-a-texas-prison-during-hurricane-harvey%2F&amp;via=MotherJones" onclick="ga(&quot;send&quot;, &quot;event&quot;, &quot;EndOfArticle&quot;, &quot;TwitterShare|Click&quot;);"><i class="icon-twitter"></i><span class="share-text">Share on Twitter</span></a></li></ul></div><section id="mj-author-bio-widget-2" class="widget mj-author-bio"><ul class="author-bios article end group">					<li class="author-bio group vcard">
						<div class="author-image"><img width="96" height="96" src="https://www.motherjones.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/baptistenathalie.jpg?w=96" class="attachment-96x96 size-96x96 wp-post-image" alt="Nathalie Baptiste" /></div><div class="author-data"><h3 class="byline"><span class="fn n"><a class="url" href="https://www.motherjones.com/author/nathalie-baptiste/" rel="author" title="See all posts by Nathalie Baptiste">Nathalie Baptiste</a></span><a class="social-icon" href="https://twitter.com/nhbaptiste"><i class="icon-twitter"></i></a></h3><p class="author-bio-text">Nathalie Baptiste is a reporter in Washington, D.C.</p></div>
					</li>
				</ul></section><section id="mj-related-articles-widget-2" class="widget mj-related-articles"><h2 class="promo">Related</h2><ul class="related-articles-list"><li id="post-507164" class="article-item grid post-507164 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-environment tag-climate-change tag-climate-desk tag-prisons mj_content_type-article featured-media featured-media-image">

		<div class="article-image grid__col-4">
			<a
				href="https://www.motherjones.com/environment/2017/08/some-of-americas-prisons-are-literally-hell-during-the-summer/"
				title="Permalink to Some of America&#8217;s Prisons Are Literally Hell During the Summer"
				rel="bookmark"
				 onclick="ga(&quot;send&quot;, &quot;event&quot;, &quot;EndOfArticle&quot;, &quot;RelatedArticle-1|Thumbnail|Click&quot;);"			>
				<img width="208" height="117" src="https://www.motherjones.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/08/lancaster-81117.jpg?w=208&amp;h=117&amp;crop=1" class="attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail wp-post-image" alt="" />			</a>
	</div>
	
	<div class="article-data grid__col-8">
		<h3 class="hed">
			<a
				href="https://www.motherjones.com/environment/2017/08/some-of-americas-prisons-are-literally-hell-during-the-summer/"
				title="Permalink to Some of America&#8217;s Prisons Are Literally Hell During the Summer"
				rel="bookmark"
				 onclick="ga(&quot;send&quot;, &quot;event&quot;, &quot;EndOfArticle&quot;, &quot;RelatedArticle-1|Headline|Click&quot;);"			>
				Some of America&#8217;s Prisons Are Literally Hell During the Summer			</a>
		</h3>
		<p class="byline">
			<a href="https://www.motherjones.com/author/nathalie-baptiste/" title="Posts by Nathalie Baptiste">Nathalie Baptiste</a>		</p>
	</div>
</li>
<li id="post-405739" class="article-item grid post-405739 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-crime-justice category-environment tag-climate-desk tag-prisons mj_content_type-article featured-media featured-media-image">

		<div class="article-image grid__col-4">
			<a
				href="https://www.motherjones.com/environment/2017/06/report-americas-prisons-are-so-polluted-they-are-endangering-inmates/"
				title="Permalink to Report: America&#8217;s Prisons Are So Polluted They Are Endangering Inmates"
				rel="bookmark"
				 onclick="ga(&quot;send&quot;, &quot;event&quot;, &quot;EndOfArticle&quot;, &quot;RelatedArticle-2|Thumbnail|Click&quot;);"			>
				<img width="208" height="117" src="https://www.motherjones.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/envirojusticeprison.jpg?w=208&amp;h=117&amp;crop=1" class="attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail wp-post-image" alt="" />			</a>
	</div>
	
	<div class="article-data grid__col-8">
		<h3 class="hed">
			<a
				href="https://www.motherjones.com/environment/2017/06/report-americas-prisons-are-so-polluted-they-are-endangering-inmates/"
				title="Permalink to Report: America&#8217;s Prisons Are So Polluted They Are Endangering Inmates"
				rel="bookmark"
				 onclick="ga(&quot;send&quot;, &quot;event&quot;, &quot;EndOfArticle&quot;, &quot;RelatedArticle-2|Headline|Click&quot;);"			>
				Report: America&#8217;s Prisons Are So Polluted They Are Endangering Inmates			</a>
		</h3>
		<p class="byline">
			<a href="https://www.motherjones.com/author/nathalie-baptiste/" title="Posts by Nathalie Baptiste">Nathalie Baptiste</a>		</p>
	</div>
</li>
</ul></section>	</footer>

</section>
<aside id="sidebar-right" class="grid__col-4 hidden-sm hidden-xs hidden-xxs">
	<section id="doubleclick-for-wordpress-widget-2" class="widget doubleclick-for-wordpress-widget"><div class='dfw-unit' data-adunit='ROS_ATF_300x600' id='ROS_ATF_300x600' data-size-mapping='mapping5'></div></section><section id="mj-sidebar-membership-widget-2" class="widget mj-sidebar-membership-widget">		<h2>3 Ways To<br>Support<br><em>Mother Jones</em></h2>

		<section class="membership">
			<h3><span class="dropcap">1.</span><span>We&rsquo;re a nonprofit.<br>Make a donation.</span></h3>
			<div class="buttons two-up">
				<a
					class="btn btn-primary"
					target="_blank"
					href="https://secure.motherjones.com/fnx/?action=SUBSCRIPTION&b_country=United+States&pub_code=DON&term_pub=DON&list_source=7HEGP005&term=XX.1.50.00.DON.D.0.7367"
					 onclick="ga(&quot;send&quot;, &quot;event&quot;, &quot;SidebarMembershipWidget&quot;, &quot;Donate|OneTime|Click&quot;);"				>
					One-Time Gift
				</a>
				<a
					class="btn"
					target="_blank"
					href="https://secure.motherjones.com/fnx/?action=SUBSCRIPTION&b_country=United+States&pub_code=SDN&term_pub=SDN&list_source=7HEGP0M5&term=XX.1.20.00.SDN.D.0.7377&term_pub_override=SDN"
					 onclick="ga(&quot;send&quot;, &quot;event&quot;, &quot;SidebarMembershipWidget&quot;, &quot;Donate|Monthly|Click&quot;);"				>
					Monthly Gift
				</a>
			</div>
		</section>

		<section>
			<h3><span class="dropcap">2.</span><span>Don&rsquo;t miss a beat:<br>Get our newsletters.</span></h3>
			<form
				action="https://api.maropost.com/accounts/585/forms/3289/subscribe/177d8ba3b7fe7d39e28dcba73123eeffbd01878b"
				method="post"
				id="emailForm"
				 onsubmit="ga(&quot;send&quot;, &quot;event&quot;, &quot;SidebarMembershipWidget&quot;, &quot;NewsletterSignup|Click&quot;); return mj_check_email(this);"			>
				<input gtbfieldid="27" include_blank="true" start_year="1950" name="contact_fields[email]" id="cons_email" placeholder="YOUR EMAIL" type="text" />
				<input include_blank="true" start_year="1950" type="hidden" name="custom_fields[outreach_affiliate_code]" id="custom_fields_outreach_affiliate_code" value="Article_Membership_Box" />
				<input include_blank="true" start_year="1950" type="hidden" name="custom_fields[signup_url]" id="signup_url" value="" />
				<input type="hidden" value="" id="email_field" name="email_const_mp" />
				<button class="btn" alt="SIGN UP" name="commit" id="submit" value="Submit">Sign Up</button>
			</form>
		</section>

		<section>
			<h3><span class="dropcap">3.</span><span>Subscribe to our award-<br>winning magazine.</span></h3>
						<a
				class="subscribe_cover"
				target="_blank"
				href="https://secure.motherjones.com/fnx/?action=SUBSCRIPTION&pub_code=MJM&term_pub=MJM&list_source=SEGYN2&base_country=US"
				 onclick="ga(&quot;send&quot;, &quot;event&quot;, &quot;SidebarMembershipWidget&quot;, &quot;Subscribe|CoverImage|Click&quot;);"			>
				<img src="https://www.motherjones.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/02/mj_cover_2018_03.png" alt="magazine cover" />
			</a>
						<div class="buttons one-up gift-subscribe">
				<a
					class="btn btn-primary"
					target="_blank"
					href="https://secure.motherjones.com/fnx/?action=SUBSCRIPTION&pub_code=MJM&term_pub=MJM&list_source=SEGYN2&base_country=US"
					 onclick="ga(&quot;send&quot;, &quot;event&quot;, &quot;SidebarMembershipWidget&quot;, &quot;Subscribe|Button|Click&quot;);"				>
					Just $12 A Year
				</a>
			</div>
		</section>

		</section><section id="mj_top_stories_widget-3" class="widget mj_top_stories_widget"><h2><span class="promo">Top News</span></h2><ul class="article-list">			<li class="article-item">
				<h3 class="hed">
					<a
						href="https://www.motherjones.com/politics/2018/02/trump-who-made-it-easier-for-mentally-ill-people-to-buy-guns-blames-mental-health-issues-for-florida-shooting/"
						 onclick="ga(&quot;send&quot;, &quot;event&quot;, &quot;SidebarTopStoriesWidget&quot;, &quot;Article-1|Headline|Click&quot;);"					>
						Trump, Who Made It Easier for Mentally Ill People to Buy Guns, Blames Mental Health Issues for Florida Shooting					</a>
				</h3>
				<p class="byline">
					<a href="https://www.motherjones.com/author/inae-oh/" title="Posts by Inae Oh">Inae Oh</a>				</p>
			</li>
					<li class="article-item">
				<h3 class="hed">
					<a
						href="https://www.motherjones.com/politics/2018/02/trumps-immigration-bill-was-just-defeated-it-wasnt-even-close/"
						 onclick="ga(&quot;send&quot;, &quot;event&quot;, &quot;SidebarTopStoriesWidget&quot;, &quot;Article-2|Headline|Click&quot;);"					>
						Trump&#8217;s Immigration Bill Was Just Defeated. It Wasn&#8217;t Even Close.					</a>
				</h3>
				<p class="byline">
					<a href="https://www.motherjones.com/author/noah-lanard/" title="Posts by Noah Lanard">Noah Lanard</a>				</p>
			</li>
					<li class="article-item">
				<h3 class="hed">
					<a
						href="https://www.motherjones.com/politics/2018/02/senate-rejects-bipartisan-plan-to-protect-dreamers-amid-aggressive-opposition-from-trump/"
						 onclick="ga(&quot;send&quot;, &quot;event&quot;, &quot;SidebarTopStoriesWidget&quot;, &quot;Article-3|Headline|Click&quot;);"					>
						Senate Rejects Bipartisan Plan to Protect Dreamers Amid Aggressive Opposition From Trump					</a>
				</h3>
				<p class="byline">
					<a href="https://www.motherjones.com/author/noah-lanard/" title="Posts by Noah Lanard">Noah Lanard</a>				</p>
			</li>
		</ul></section><section id="mj-floating-ad-widget-2" class="widget mj-floating-ad"><div id="rhc-scroller"><div class='dfw-unit' data-adunit='ROS_Scroller_Refresh' id='ROS_Scroller_Refresh' data-size-mapping='mapping6'></div></div></section></aside>
<div id="disqus-container">
	<div id="disqus_thread"></div>
	<div id="disqus-noscript"
		 onclick="mj_display_disqus(); jQuery(this).addClass(&quot;hidden&quot;); ga(&quot;send&quot;, &quot;event&quot;, &quot;EndOfArticle&quot;, &quot;CommentsExpand|Click&quot;); return false;"	>
		<a href="http://motherjones.com.disqus.com/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.motherjones.com%2Fnode%2F526368">
		  <i class="icon-plus"></i>view comments
	  </a>
	</div>
</div>
<div class='dfw-unit' data-adunit='ROS_BTF_970x250' id='ROS_BTF_970x250' data-size-mapping='mapping7'></div><div class='dfw-unit' data-adunit='Mobile_Footer_300x250_ROS' id='Mobile_Footer_300x250_ROS' data-size-mapping='mapping8'></div>
		</main>
	</div><!-- #page -->

	<footer id="colophon" class="site-footer" role="contentinfo">

			<a href="/" id="footer-logo">
				<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 813.67 165.61"><path d="M53.72 97.86h-.39l-8.05-86.64H0v152.49h28.78v-85.9l-1.67-36.19 2.05 14.73 14.39 107.36h19.18L77.12 56.35l2.05-14.73-1.66 36.19v-.04 85.94h28.77V11.22H62.54l-8.82 86.64M391.4 87.12c0-33.06-1.23-58.67-34-58.67S321 61.67 321 91.17c0 37.54 5.56 74.1 39.71 74.1 19.34 0 30.18-17.68 30.18-17.68v-31.07s-8.4 21.23-24.62 21.23c-11.32 0-17.65-10.58-17.65-27.83h42c.01-3.49.78-13.92.78-22.8zm-42.79-3.22c0-13.9 1.92-24.9 9.6-24.9 8.25 0 10.17 12.31 10.17 24.94zM148.49 28.44c-38.75 0-38.75 27.18-38.75 65.11 0 43.53 3.93 71.72 38.75 71.72s38.75-26 38.75-75c.01-35.87.01-61.83-38.75-61.83zm0 104.47c-9.21 0-10-5-10-36.06 0-29.34.77-36.06 10-36.06s10 7.08 10 36.06c-.02 27.23-.79 36.07-10 36.07zM442.34 28.44c-9.37 0-13.73 8.49-16 17.24l-2.56 19.49V30h-29v133.7h31.08V92.19c0-26 7.86-30.34 15.94-30.34 11.79 0 14.55 14.16 14.55 14.16V35.77s-5.48-7.33-14.01-7.33zm-145.72 0c-10.55 0-17.44 7.48-19.7 18.65l-2.17 12.5V11.22h-31.08v152.49h31.08V74.29c0-5.13.44-13.88 6.33-13.88s5.37 7.57 5.37 14.67v88.63h31.08V50.92c0-11.48-4.8-22.48-20.91-22.48zm261.29.34c-38.75 0-38.75 27.18-38.75 65.11 0 43.53 3.93 71.72 38.75 71.72s38.75-26 38.75-75c0-35.87 0-61.83-38.75-61.83zm0 104.47c-9.21 0-10-5-10-36.06 0-29.34.77-36.06 10-36.06s10 7.08 10 36.06c-.03 27.22-.8 36.06-10 36.06zm95.16-104.81c-10.55 0-17.44 7.48-19.7 18.65l-2.18 12.5V30h-31.07v133.7h31.08V74.29c0-5.13.44-13.88 6.33-13.88s5.37 7.59 5.37 14.67v88.63H674V50.92c0-11.48-4.82-22.48-20.93-22.48zm-196.65 91.04v35.95s5.38 9.57 24.19 9.57c28.22 0 35.09-23.13 35.09-48.79v-105h-28.78v92.09c0 26-7.86 30.34-15.94 30.34-11.8-.01-14.56-14.16-14.56-14.16zm294.37-2.96c2.8 10.71 8.62 21.34 21.82 21.34 8.73 0 12.83-3 13.24-11.5.89-18.69-34.34-27.06-34.34-59.75 0-28.46 13.87-38.16 33.77-38.16 11.63 0 23.26 7.85 26.62 15.53V76c-3.36-9.36-10.27-20.08-19.8-20.08-7.55 0-11.17 3.6-11.51 10.72-.92 19.3 33.09 26.18 33.09 56.64 0 25.71-9 42-34.34 42-20.13 0-28.54-17.68-28.54-17.68zm-2.95-29.4c0-33.06-1.23-58.67-34-58.67s-36.45 33.23-36.45 62.73c0 37.54 5.56 74.1 39.71 74.1 19.34 0 30.18-17.68 30.18-17.68v-31.08s-8.4 21.23-24.62 21.23c-11.32 0-17.65-10.58-17.65-27.83h42c.07-3.49.83-13.92.83-22.8zm-42.78-3.22c0-13.9 1.94-24.9 9.6-24.9 8.25 0 10.17 12.31 10.17 24.94z"/><path class="cls-1" d="M221.79 0l-37 33.52s5.88 14.91 5.88 40.66v65.18c0 18.45 10.74 25.93 25.9 25.93 10.43 0 17.28-2.83 23.6-8.49v-27.63c-2.51 4.56-5.31 7-9.72 7-4.67 0-8.69-3.38-8.69-10.79V58.2h18.44V30h-18.41z"/></svg>
			</a>
			<ul id="footer-social">
					<li class="circled-icon toolbar-btn fblike">
							<a href="https://www.facebook.com/motherjones">
									<i class="icon-facebook"></i>
							</a>
					</li>
					<li class="circled-icon toolbar-btn tweet">
							<a href="https://twitter.com/motherjones">
									<i class="icon-twitter"></i>
							</a>
					</li>
					<li class="circled-icon toolbar-btn newsletter">
							<a href="/about/interact-engage/free-email-newsletter" class="hover-newsletter">
								<i class="icon-mail"></i>
							</a>
					</li>
			</ul>
			<div class="footer-list-container grid"><ul id="footer-list" class="grid__col-md-2 grid__col-sm-12"><li id="menu-item-405569" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-405569"><a href="https://www.motherjones.com/about/">About Us</a></li>
<li id="menu-item-405570" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-405570"><a href="http://store.motherjones.com/?utm_source=motherjones&#038;utm_medium=footer&#038;utm_content=orangefooterlink&#038;utm_campaign=evergreen">Store</a></li>
<li id="menu-item-405571" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-405571"><a href="https://secure.motherjones.com/fnx/?action=SUBSCRIPTION&#038;b_country=United+States&#038;pub_code=DON&#038;term_pub=DON&#038;list_source=7HEGP009&#038;term=XX.1.50.00.DON.D.0.9497">Donate</a></li>
<li id="menu-item-405572" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-405572"><a href="https://secure.motherjones.com/fnx/?action=SUBSCRIPTION&#038;b_country=United+States&#038;pub_code=MJM&#038;term_pub=MJM&#038;list_source=SEGYN3">Subscribe</a></li>
<li id="menu-item-521908" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-521908"><a href="https://secure.motherjones.com/fnx/?action=SUBSCRIPTION&#038;pub_code=MJM&#038;term_pub=MJM&#038;list_source=YEGFOOTER&#038;sub_type=GIFT">Gift Subscriptions</a></li>
<li id="menu-item-405594" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-405594"><a href="https://www.motherjones.com/about/advertising-contact-form/">Advertise with us</a></li>
<li id="menu-item-405573" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-405573"><a href="https://www.motherjones.com/about/subscriptions-customer-service/">Customer Service</a></li>
</ul></div>			<div id="copyright">
					<p>
						Copyright &copy;2018 Mother Jones and the Foundation for National Progress. All Rights Reserved.
					</p>
					<div class="copyright-menu-container grid"><ul id="copyright-menu" class="grid__col-md-4 grid__col-sm-12"><li id="menu-item-405656" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-405656"><a href="https://www.motherjones.com/about/contact/">Contact Us</a></li>
<li id="menu-item-405542" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-405542"><a href="https://www.motherjones.com/about/terms/">Terms of Service</a></li>
<li id="menu-item-405543" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-405543"><a href="https://www.motherjones.com/about/privacy-policy/">Privacy Policy</a></li>
</ul></div><a href="https://vip.wordpress.com/?utm_source=vip_powered_wpcom&#038;utm_medium=web&#038;utm_campaign=VIP%20Footer%20Credit&#038;utm_term=www.motherjones.com" rel="generator nofollow" class="powered-by-wpcom"><img src="https://www.motherjones.com/wp-content/mu-plugins/vip-helpers/images/vip-powered-light-small.png" width="187" height="26" alt="Powered by WordPress.com VIP" /></a>			</div>

			<div class='dfw-unit' data-adunit='InContent_Video_1x1' id='InContent_Video_1x1' data-size-mapping='mapping9'></div><section id="mj-adhesion-widget-2" class="widget mj-adhesion-widget hide">		<section id="adblock-message" class="hide">
						<div class="text-and-buttons-container">
				<div class="text-container">
					<h2>We Noticed You Have An Ad Blocker On.</h2>					<p class="long-text">
						Can you pitch in a few bucks to help fund <em>Mother Jones'</em> investigative journalism? We're a nonprofit (so it's tax-deductible), and reader support makes up about two-thirds of our budget.								</p>
					<p class="short-text">
						<strong>We Noticed You Have An Ad Blocker On.</strong> Can you pitch in a few bucks to help fund Mother Jones' investigative journalism?											</p>
				</div>
				<div class="donate-buttons">
					<a href="https://secure.motherjones.com/fnx/?action=SUBSCRIPTION&amp;pub_code=DON&amp;term_pub=DON&amp;b_country=United+States&amp;list_source=7HEGZS1A&amp;term=XX.1.35.00.DON.D.0.9455" target="_blank">
						<button class="donate">Donate</button>
					</a>
					<button class="close">Not Now</button>
				</div>
			</div>
		</section>

		</section>	</footer><!-- .site-footer -->
		<noscript>
		<img src="//www.facebook.com/tr?id=712336422304921&ev=PageView&noscript=1"/>
		<img src="//pixel.quantserve.com/pixel/p-Be0QSW1bbb6Qv.gif"/>
		<img src="//b.scorecardresearch.com/p?c1=2&c2=8027488&cv=2.0&cj=1"/>
	</noscript>
<div id="exit-intent-overlay" style="display:none;">

	<div id="exit-intent-background"></div>
	<div id="exit-intent-display">
		<span id="exit-intent-close-button" class="close"><a>close</a></span>

		<h2>
			Tired of trying to figure out which stories you need to pay attention to, and which are bluster? 
		</h2>
		<p class="exit-intent-ask">
			Let us help you sift signal from noise with hard-hitting, fact-based journalism. Sign up for our free newsletters today.
		</p>

		<form method="POST" class="newsletter-signup"
				action="https://api.maropost.com/accounts/585/forms/3289/subscribe/177d8ba3b7fe7d39e28dcba73123eeffbd01878b">
			<input gtbfieldid="27" include_blank="true" start_year="1950" name="contact_fields[email]" id="cons_email" placeholder="YOUR EMAIL" type="text">
			<input include_blank="true" start_year="1950" type="hidden" name="custom_fields[outreach_affiliate_code]" id="custom_fields_outreach_affiliate_code" value="ExitIntent">
			<input include_blank="true" start_year="1950" type="hidden" name="custom_fields[signup_url]" id="signup_url" value="">
			<input type="hidden" value="" id="email_field" name="email_const_mp">
			<input class="btn" alt="SUBMIT" name="commit" type="submit" value="SIGN UP"></input>
		</form>

		<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 813.67 165.61">
			<path d="M53.72 97.86h-.39l-8.05-86.64H0v152.49h28.78v-85.9l-1.67-36.19 2.05 14.73 14.39 107.36h19.18L77.12 56.35l2.05-14.73-1.66 36.19v-.04 85.94h28.77V11.22H62.54l-8.82 86.64M391.4 87.12c0-33.06-1.23-58.67-34-58.67S321 61.67 321 91.17c0 37.54 5.56 74.1 39.71 74.1 19.34 0 30.18-17.68 30.18-17.68v-31.07s-8.4 21.23-24.62 21.23c-11.32 0-17.65-10.58-17.65-27.83h42c.01-3.49.78-13.92.78-22.8zm-42.79-3.22c0-13.9 1.92-24.9 9.6-24.9 8.25 0 10.17 12.31 10.17 24.94zM148.49 28.44c-38.75 0-38.75 27.18-38.75 65.11 0 43.53 3.93 71.72 38.75 71.72s38.75-26 38.75-75c.01-35.87.01-61.83-38.75-61.83zm0 104.47c-9.21 0-10-5-10-36.06 0-29.34.77-36.06 10-36.06s10 7.08 10 36.06c-.02 27.23-.79 36.07-10 36.07zM442.34 28.44c-9.37 0-13.73 8.49-16 17.24l-2.56 19.49V30h-29v133.7h31.08V92.19c0-26 7.86-30.34 15.94-30.34 11.79 0 14.55 14.16 14.55 14.16V35.77s-5.48-7.33-14.01-7.33zm-145.72 0c-10.55 0-17.44 7.48-19.7 18.65l-2.17 12.5V11.22h-31.08v152.49h31.08V74.29c0-5.13.44-13.88 6.33-13.88s5.37 7.57 5.37 14.67v88.63h31.08V50.92c0-11.48-4.8-22.48-20.91-22.48zm261.29.34c-38.75 0-38.75 27.18-38.75 65.11 0 43.53 3.93 71.72 38.75 71.72s38.75-26 38.75-75c0-35.87 0-61.83-38.75-61.83zm0 104.47c-9.21 0-10-5-10-36.06 0-29.34.77-36.06 10-36.06s10 7.08 10 36.06c-.03 27.22-.8 36.06-10 36.06zm95.16-104.81c-10.55 0-17.44 7.48-19.7 18.65l-2.18 12.5V30h-31.07v133.7h31.08V74.29c0-5.13.44-13.88 6.33-13.88s5.37 7.59 5.37 14.67v88.63H674V50.92c0-11.48-4.82-22.48-20.93-22.48zm-196.65 91.04v35.95s5.38 9.57 24.19 9.57c28.22 0 35.09-23.13 35.09-48.79v-105h-28.78v92.09c0 26-7.86 30.34-15.94 30.34-11.8-.01-14.56-14.16-14.56-14.16zm294.37-2.96c2.8 10.71 8.62 21.34 21.82 21.34 8.73 0 12.83-3 13.24-11.5.89-18.69-34.34-27.06-34.34-59.75 0-28.46 13.87-38.16 33.77-38.16 11.63 0 23.26 7.85 26.62 15.53V76c-3.36-9.36-10.27-20.08-19.8-20.08-7.55 0-11.17 3.6-11.51 10.72-.92 19.3 33.09 26.18 33.09 56.64 0 25.71-9 42-34.34 42-20.13 0-28.54-17.68-28.54-17.68zm-2.95-29.4c0-33.06-1.23-58.67-34-58.67s-36.45 33.23-36.45 62.73c0 37.54 5.56 74.1 39.71 74.1 19.34 0 30.18-17.68 30.18-17.68v-31.08s-8.4 21.23-24.62 21.23c-11.32 0-17.65-10.58-17.65-27.83h42c.07-3.49.83-13.92.83-22.8zm-42.78-3.22c0-13.9 1.94-24.9 9.6-24.9 8.25 0 10.17 12.31 10.17 24.94z"></path><path class="cls-1" d="M221.79 0l-37 33.52s5.88 14.91 5.88 40.66v65.18c0 18.45 10.74 25.93 25.9 25.93 10.43 0 17.28-2.83 23.6-8.49v-27.63c-2.51 4.56-5.31 7-9.72 7-4.67 0-8.69-3.38-8.69-10.79V58.2h18.44V30h-18.41z"></path>
		</svg>

	</div>


</div>
<script type='text/javascript' src='https://s0.wp.com/wp-content/js/devicepx-jetpack.js?ver=201807'></script>
<script type='text/javascript' src='https://www.motherjones.com/wp-content/themes/motherjones/js/ads.min.js?ver=0.2.10'></script>
<script type='text/javascript'>
/* <![CDATA[ */
var mj_ad_config = {"is_post":"1"};
/* ]]> */
</script>
<script type='text/javascript'>
/* <![CDATA[ */
var mj_exit_intent_config = {"is_user_logged_in":""};
/* ]]> */
</script>
<script type='text/javascript'>
/* <![CDATA[ */
var mj_disqus_config = {"disqus_url":"http:\/\/www.motherjones.com\/node\/526368","disqus_identifier":"\/node\/526368"};
/* ]]> */
</script>
<script type='text/javascript'>
/* <![CDATA[ */
var mj_prebid_config = [{"code":"ROS_ATF_970x250","bids":[{"bidder":"criteo","params":{"zoneId":"1098707"}},{"bidder":"appnexus","params":{"placementId":12270933}},{"bidder":"sovrn","params":{"tagid":"513631"}},{"bidder":"indexExchange","params":{"id":1,"siteID":225159}}],"sizes":[["970","250"],["970","90"],["728","90"]]},{"code":"ROS_ATF_300x600","bids":[{"bidder":"criteo","params":{"zoneId":"1098704"}},{"bidder":"appnexus","params":{"placementId":12323653}},{"bidder":"indexExchange","params":{"id":3,"siteID":225161}},{"bidder":"indexExchange","params":{"id":2,"siteID":225160}}],"sizes":[["1","1"],["300","600"],["300","250"]]},{"code":"ROS_Scroller_Refresh","bids":[{"bidder":"criteo","params":{"zoneId":"1098706"}},{"bidder":"appnexus","params":{"placementId":12271771}},{"bidder":"sovrn","params":{"tagid":"513637"}},{"bidder":"sovrn","params":{"tagid":"513638"}},{"bidder":"indexExchange","params":{"id":5,"siteID":225163}},{"bidder":"indexExchange","params":{"id":4,"siteID":225162}}],"sizes":[["300","250"],["300","600"]]},{"code":"ROS_BTF_970x250","bids":[{"bidder":"criteo","params":{"zoneId":"1098708"}},{"bidder":"appnexus","params":{"placementId":12271767}},{"bidder":"sovrn","params":{"tagid":"513634"}},{"bidder":"indexExchange","params":{"id":6,"siteID":225164}}],"sizes":[["970","250"],["970","90"],["728","90"]]},{"code":"Mobile_Footer_300x250_ROS","bids":[{"bidder":"criteo","params":{"zoneId":"1099037"}},{"bidder":"appnexus","params":{"placementId":12271780}},{"bidder":"sovrn","params":{"tagid":"527963"}}],"sizes":[["300","250"],["300","50"]]}];
/* ]]> */
</script>
<script type='text/javascript'>
/* <![CDATA[ */
var dfw = {"network_code":"49189977","mappings":{"InContent":[{"browser":[0,1],"ad_sizes":[[300,250]]},{"browser":[630,1],"ad_sizes":[]}]},"targeting":{"Page":["single"],"Category":["crime-justice"],"Tag":["climate-desk","prisons"],"env":["www"]}};
/* ]]> */
</script>
<script type='text/javascript' src='https://www.motherjones.com/_static/??-eJyd0EGOwjAMBdAL0Wa6QJTFaI6CQuOCo8QOsUvp7YmABRtEMztb+U/5splTMzApkBo9QwQxkcuQPVOZvRjrDgM7aCNS62VjvoKRWSGvz8MNtcFHYj0SpFOoLtVYsmFRHGS9jL6x7gyCTBXfBbZaKha6HvEVcrBLzREU5mzTu0AawuSe72WFeISKCinDESvy5TifSQrTCUmMG2djRUAfxF8myEvrxvQPM7/MX/zttl3f7X/2/c7fAedwCnc='></script>
			<script type="text/javascript">
				var dfw_load = function() {
					jQuery('.dfw-unit:not(.dfw-lazy-load)').dfp({
						dfpID: 49189977,
						collapseEmptyDivs: false,
						setTargeting: {"Page":["single"],"Category":["crime-justice"],"Tag":["climate-desk","prisons"],"env":["www"]},
						sizeMapping: {"InContent":[{"browser":[0,1],"ad_sizes":[[300,250]]},{"browser":[630,1],"ad_sizes":[]}]}					});
				};
			</script>
					<script type="text/javascript">
				var dfw_load = function() {
					jQuery('.dfw-unit:not(.dfw-lazy-load)').dfp({
						dfpID: 49189977,
						collapseEmptyDivs: false,
						setTargeting: {"Page":["single"],"Category":["crime-justice"],"Tag":["climate-desk","prisons"],"env":["www"]},
						sizeMapping: {"mapping1":[{"browser":[0,1],"ad_sizes":[]},{"browser":[630,1],"ad_sizes":[[145,1024],[145,100]]}],"mapping2":[{"browser":[0,1],"ad_sizes":[]},{"browser":[630,1],"ad_sizes":[[145,1024],[145,100]]}],"mapping3":[{"browser":[0,1],"ad_sizes":[[300,250]]},{"browser":[630,1],"ad_sizes":[[640,480],[780,400],[400,520]]}],"mapping4":[{"browser":[0,1],"ad_sizes":[]},{"browser":[630,1],"ad_sizes":[[970,250],[970,90],[728,90]]}],"mapping5":[{"browser":[0,1],"ad_sizes":[[1,1]]},{"browser":[630,1],"ad_sizes":[[300,600],[300,250]]}],"mapping6":[{"browser":[0,1],"ad_sizes":[]},{"browser":[630,1],"ad_sizes":[[300,250],[300,600]]}],"mapping7":[{"browser":[0,1],"ad_sizes":[]},{"browser":[630,1],"ad_sizes":[[970,250],[970,90],[728,90]]}],"mapping8":[{"browser":[0,1],"ad_sizes":[[300,250],[300,50]]},{"browser":[630,1],"ad_sizes":[]}],"mapping9":[{"browser":[0,1],"ad_sizes":[]},{"browser":[630,1],"ad_sizes":[[1,1]]}],"InContent":[{"browser":[0,1],"ad_sizes":[[300,250]]},{"browser":[630,1],"ad_sizes":[]}]}					});
				};
			</script>
		<script type='text/javascript' src='https://stats.wp.com/e-201807.js' async='async' defer='defer'></script>
<script type='text/javascript'>
	_stq = window._stq || [];
	_stq.push([ 'view', {v:'ext',j:'1:5.8',blog:'130213978',post:'526368',tz:'-5',srv:'www.motherjones.com'} ]);
	_stq.push([ 'clickTrackerInit', '130213978', '526368' ]);
</script>
<script type="text/javascript">window.NREUM||(NREUM={});NREUM.info={"beacon":"bam.nr-data.net","licenseKey":"949ceaf672","applicationID":"42428067","transactionName":"MQZWYhAFXhdYAUBfWwhMdVUWDV8KFhFdWFMTD1VE","queueTime":0,"applicationTime":122,"atts":"HUFBFFgfTUgbAxYMTxse","errorBeacon":"bam.nr-data.net","agent":""}</script></body>
</html>
