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						<h1 class="article-title article-title-single entry-title">
							Hurricane Harvey&#8217;s Impact — And How It Compares To Other Storms						</h1>

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															<p class="single-metadata single-byline vcard">By <a href="https://fivethirtyeight.com/contributors/rachael-dottle/" title="" class="author url fn" rel="author">Rachael Dottle</a>, <a href="https://fivethirtyeight.com/contributors/ritchie-king/" title="" class="author url fn" rel="author">Ritchie King</a> and <a href="https://fivethirtyeight.com/contributors/ella-koeze/" title="" class="author url fn" rel="author">Ella Koeze</a></p>
							
														<p class="single-metadata single-topic">Filed under <a href="https://fivethirtyeight.com/tag/hurricane-harvey/" class="term " name="">Hurricane Harvey</a></p>
								
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								Published <time class="datetime updated" title="2017-09-02T09:02:35+00:00">Sep. 2, 2017</time>
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					<p>Hurricane Harvey, which dumped an estimated <a href="http://www.cnn.com/2017/08/31/us/harvey-houston-texas-flood/index.html">27 trillion gallons of water</a> on Texas and Louisiana, <a href="https://seekingalpha.com/article/4103431-harvey-economic-loss-75bn-moodys-analytics">looks to be</a> one of the most damaging natural disasters in U.S. history. Flooding continues to affect large areas of Houston, Beaumont and other areas of Texas. Tens of thousands have been forced to evacuate their homes, and rig <a href="https://www.bsee.gov/newsroom/latest-news/statements-and-releases/press-releases/bsee-tropical-storm-harvey-activity-5">shut downs</a> and <a href="https://www.bsee.gov/newsroom/latest-news/statements-and-releases/press-releases/bsee-tropical-storm-harvey-activity-5">evacuations</a> along the Gulf have curbed oil and gas production. The White House, meanwhile, is expected to ask Congress for <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2017/09/01/us/politics/hurricane-harvey-trump.html?mcubz=0">$14.5 billion in relief funding</a>. While we don’t know Harvey’s ultimate toll on life and property — and won’t for some time — here are the best estimates of the hurricane’s impacts so far, and how they compare to the destruction wrought by other major storms.</p>
<h2>Economic impact</h2>
<p>Estimates of Harvey’s cost vary, with <a href="https://www.accuweather.com/en/weather-news/accuweather-predicts-hurricane-harvey-to-be-more-costly-than-katrina-sandy-combined/70002597">some</a> predicting that the storm will be the most expensive in U.S. history at over $190 billion, surpassing Hurricane Katrina. (The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration <a href="https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/billions/events">estimates</a> Katrina to have cost around $160 billion.) If that ends up being the case, it would greatly increase the total cost of billion-dollar-plus events since 1980. <a href="http://www.rms.com/blog/2017/08/30/harvey-now-driving-catastrophic-flooding-across-houston-metropolitan-region/">Others</a> predict that the cost will be closer to that of Superstorm Sandy, at around $70-90 billion.</p>
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<p>In general, hurricanes are a particularly devastating type of natural disaster. Of the <a href="https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/billions/events/US/1980-2017">billion-dollar disasters</a> shown in the chart above, the 10 most destructive hurricanes caused an estimated $442 billion in losses, over a third of the $1.2 trillion caused by all 212 events combined. And while billion-dollar hurricanes haven’t been growing more frequent, Harvey and other super damaging weather and climate disasters are part of a continuing, costly trend.</p>
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<h2>Rain and flooding</h2>
<p>One reason for Harvey’s estimated record cost is the sheer amount of rain and flooding brought on by the storm. Harvey set the record for tropical cyclone rainfall measured in any one place in the U.S. over at least the past <a href="http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/tropical/rain/tcmaxima.html">50 years</a>.</p>
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<p>Since its landfall on Aug. 25th, Harvey also brought extensive flooding in and around Houston and Beaumont before it dissipated and made its way inland.</p>
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<p>Because of Harvey’s flood impacts, many have compared it to Hurricane Katrina. Katrina’s devastation was a <a href="http://www.npr.org/2017/08/31/547568681/harvey-feel-like-katrina-d-j-vu-not-so-fast">result</a> of the failure of <a href="http://content.time.com/time/specials/packages/article/0,28804,2032304_2032746_2035982,00.html">government flood protection systems</a>, violent storm surges, a chaotic evacuation plan and an ill-prepared city government. Harvey, on the other hand, has caused massive flooding at a slower pace, without Katrina’s deadly surge. In this way it resembles other costly and damaging tropical cyclones of the past 30 years.</p>
<section class="viz">
<header class="viz">
<h5 class="title">The most expensive and fatal tropical storms</h5>
<p class="subtitle">Billion-dollar tropical cyclones that made landfall in the U.S. since 1980</p>
</header>
<table class="viz full" data-carpenter-slug="koezekingdottle.harveychart.2">
<thead>
<tr>
<th class="rank" style="width:1%;" colspan="1"></th>
<th class="text" style="width:20%;" colspan="1">START DATE</th>
<th class="text" style="width:31%;" colspan="1">TROPICAL CYCLONE</th>
<th class="number" style="width:20%;" colspan="1">EST. COST</th>
<th class="number" style="width:20%;" colspan="1">EST. DEATHS</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td class="rank" style="width:1%;">1</td>
<td class="text" style="width:20%;">Aug. 25, 2005</td>
<td class="text" style="width:31%;">Hurricane Katrina</td>
<td class="number" style="width:20%;" data-prefix="$" data-suffix="b" data-suffixpadding="1.1em">$160.0b</td>
<td class="number highlight" style="width:20%;">1,833</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="rank" style="width:1%;">2</td>
<td class="text" style="width:20%;">Oct. 30, 2012</td>
<td class="text" style="width:31%;">Hurricane Sandy</td>
<td class="number" style="width:20%;padding-right:1.1em;">70.2</td>
<td class="number highlight" style="width:20%;">159</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="rank" style="width:1%;">3</td>
<td class="text" style="width:20%;">Sept. 20, 2005</td>
<td class="text" style="width:31%;">Hurricane Rita</td>
<td class="number" style="width:20%;padding-right:1.1em;">23.7</td>
<td class="number highlight" style="width:20%;">119</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="rank" style="width:1%;">4</td>
<td class="text" style="width:20%;">Sept. 12, 2008</td>
<td class="text" style="width:31%;">Hurricane Ike</td>
<td class="number" style="width:20%;padding-right:1.1em;">34.8</td>
<td class="number highlight" style="width:20%;">112</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="rank" style="width:1%;">5</td>
<td class="text" style="width:20%;">Sept. 21, 1989</td>
<td class="text" style="width:31%;">Hurricane Hugo</td>
<td class="number" style="width:20%;padding-right:1.1em;">18.2</td>
<td class="number highlight" style="width:20%;">86</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="rank" style="width:1%;">6</td>
<td class="text" style="width:20%;">Sept. 14, 1999</td>
<td class="text" style="width:31%;">Hurricane Floyd</td>
<td class="number" style="width:20%;padding-right:1.1em;">9.7</td>
<td class="number highlight" style="width:20%;">77</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="rank" style="width:1%;">7</td>
<td class="text" style="width:20%;">Oct. 27, 1985</td>
<td class="text" style="width:31%;">Hurricane Juan</td>
<td class="number" style="width:20%;padding-right:1.1em;">3.5</td>
<td class="number highlight" style="width:20%;">63</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="rank" style="width:1%;">8</td>
<td class="text" style="width:20%;">Aug. 23, 1992</td>
<td class="text" style="width:31%;">Hurricane Andrew</td>
<td class="number" style="width:20%;padding-right:1.1em;">47.8</td>
<td class="number highlight" style="width:20%;">61</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="rank" style="width:1%;">9</td>
<td class="text" style="width:20%;">Sept. 12, 2004</td>
<td class="text" style="width:31%;">Hurricane Ivan</td>
<td class="number" style="width:20%;padding-right:1.1em;">27.1</td>
<td class="number highlight" style="width:20%;">57</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="rank" style="width:1%;">10</td>
<td class="text" style="width:20%;">Sept. 18, 2003</td>
<td class="text" style="width:31%;">Hurricane Isabel</td>
<td class="number" style="width:20%;padding-right:1.1em;">7.4</td>
<td class="number highlight" style="width:20%;">55</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="rank" style="width:1%;">11</td>
<td class="text" style="width:20%;">Aug. 31, 2008</td>
<td class="text" style="width:31%;">Hurricane Gustav</td>
<td class="number" style="width:20%;padding-right:1.1em;">7.0</td>
<td class="number highlight" style="width:20%;">53</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="rank" style="width:1%;">12</td>
<td class="text" style="width:20%;">Oct. 8, 2016</td>
<td class="text" style="width:31%;">Hurricane Matthew</td>
<td class="number" style="width:20%;padding-right:1.1em;">10.3</td>
<td class="number highlight" style="width:20%;">49</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="rank" style="width:1%;">13</td>
<td class="text" style="width:20%;">Sept. 3, 2004</td>
<td class="text" style="width:31%;">Hurricane Frances</td>
<td class="number" style="width:20%;padding-right:1.1em;">12.9</td>
<td class="number highlight" style="width:20%;">48</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="rank bold" style="width:1%;">14</td>
<td class="text bold" style="width:20%;">Aug. 25, 2017</td>
<td class="text bold" style="width:31%;">Hurricane Harvey*</td>
<td class="number bold" style="width:20%;padding-right:1.1em;">81-108</td>
<td class="number highlight bold" style="width:20%;">47</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="rank" style="width:1%;">15</td>
<td class="text" style="width:20%;">Aug. 26, 2011</td>
<td class="text" style="width:31%;">Hurricane Irene</td>
<td class="number" style="width:20%;padding-right:1.1em;">15.0</td>
<td class="number highlight" style="width:20%;">45</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="rank" style="width:1%;">16</td>
<td class="text" style="width:20%;">June 5, 2001</td>
<td class="text" style="width:31%;">Tropical Storm Allison</td>
<td class="number" style="width:20%;padding-right:1.1em;">11.9</td>
<td class="number highlight" style="width:20%;">43</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="rank" style="width:1%;">17</td>
<td class="text" style="width:20%;">Sept. 5, 1996</td>
<td class="text" style="width:31%;">Hurricane Fran</td>
<td class="number" style="width:20%;padding-right:1.1em;">8.0</td>
<td class="number highlight" style="width:20%;">37</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="rank" style="width:1%;">18</td>
<td class="text" style="width:20%;">Oct. 24, 2005</td>
<td class="text" style="width:31%;">Hurricane Wilma</td>
<td class="number" style="width:20%;padding-right:1.1em;">24.3</td>
<td class="number highlight" style="width:20%;">35</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="rank" style="width:1%;">19</td>
<td class="text" style="width:20%;">Aug. 13, 2004</td>
<td class="text" style="width:31%;">Hurricane Charley</td>
<td class="number" style="width:20%;padding-right:1.1em;">21.1</td>
<td class="number highlight" style="width:20%;">35</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="rank" style="width:1%;">20</td>
<td class="text" style="width:20%;">July 7, 1994</td>
<td class="text" style="width:31%;">Tropical Storm Alberto</td>
<td class="number" style="width:20%;padding-right:1.1em;">1.7</td>
<td class="number highlight" style="width:20%;">32</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="rank" style="width:1%;">21</td>
<td class="text" style="width:20%;">Sept. 15, 2004</td>
<td class="text" style="width:31%;">Hurricane Jeanne</td>
<td class="number" style="width:20%;padding-right:1.1em;">9.9</td>
<td class="number highlight" style="width:20%;">28</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="rank" style="width:1%;">22</td>
<td class="text" style="width:20%;">Oct. 4, 1995</td>
<td class="text" style="width:31%;">Hurricane Opal</td>
<td class="number" style="width:20%;padding-right:1.1em;">7.6</td>
<td class="number highlight" style="width:20%;">27</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="rank" style="width:1%;">23</td>
<td class="text" style="width:20%;">Sept. 1, 2011</td>
<td class="text" style="width:31%;">Tropical Storm Lee</td>
<td class="number" style="width:20%;padding-right:1.1em;">2.8</td>
<td class="number highlight" style="width:20%;">21</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="rank" style="width:1%;">24</td>
<td class="text" style="width:20%;">Aug.17, 1983</td>
<td class="text" style="width:31%;">Hurricane Alicia</td>
<td class="number" style="width:20%;padding-right:1.1em;">7.5</td>
<td class="number highlight" style="width:20%;">21</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="rank" style="width:1%;">25</td>
<td class="text" style="width:20%;">Aug.18, 1991</td>
<td class="text" style="width:31%;">Hurricane Bob</td>
<td class="number" style="width:20%;padding-right:1.1em;">2.7</td>
<td class="number highlight" style="width:20%;">18</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="rank" style="width:1%;">26</td>
<td class="text" style="width:20%;">Sept. 20, 1998</td>
<td class="text" style="width:31%;">Hurricane Georges</td>
<td class="number" style="width:20%;padding-right:1.1em;">9.1</td>
<td class="number highlight" style="width:20%;">16</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="rank" style="width:1%;">27</td>
<td class="text" style="width:20%;">July 9, 2005</td>
<td class="text" style="width:31%;">Hurricane Dennis</td>
<td class="number" style="width:20%;padding-right:1.1em;">3.2</td>
<td class="number highlight" style="width:20%;">15</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="rank" style="width:1%;">28</td>
<td class="text" style="width:20%;">Sept. 15, 1995</td>
<td class="text" style="width:31%;">Hurricane Marilyn</td>
<td class="number" style="width:20%;padding-right:1.1em;">3.4</td>
<td class="number highlight" style="width:20%;">13</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="rank" style="width:1%;">29</td>
<td class="text" style="width:20%;">Aug. 7, 1980</td>
<td class="text" style="width:31%;">Hurricane Allen</td>
<td class="number" style="width:20%;padding-right:1.1em;">1.9</td>
<td class="number highlight" style="width:20%;">13</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="rank" style="width:1%;">30</td>
<td class="text" style="width:20%;">Sept. 26, 1985</td>
<td class="text" style="width:31%;">Hurricane Gloria</td>
<td class="number" style="width:20%;padding-right:1.1em;">2.0</td>
<td class="number highlight" style="width:20%;">11</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="rank" style="width:1%;">31</td>
<td class="text" style="width:20%;">Aug. 26, 2012</td>
<td class="text" style="width:31%;">Hurricane Isaac</td>
<td class="number" style="width:20%;padding-right:1.1em;">3.0</td>
<td class="number highlight" style="width:20%;">9</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="rank" style="width:1%;">32</td>
<td class="text" style="width:20%;">Sept. 11, 1992</td>
<td class="text" style="width:31%;">Hurricane Iniki</td>
<td class="number" style="width:20%;padding-right:1.1em;">5.5</td>
<td class="number highlight" style="width:20%;">7</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="rank" style="width:1%;">33</td>
<td class="text" style="width:20%;">Aug. 30, 1985</td>
<td class="text" style="width:31%;">Hurricane Elena</td>
<td class="number" style="width:20%;padding-right:1.1em;">3.0</td>
<td class="number highlight" style="width:20%;">4</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="rank" style="width:1%;">34</td>
<td class="text" style="width:20%;">July 23, 2008</td>
<td class="text" style="width:31%;">Hurricane Dolly</td>
<td class="number" style="width:20%;padding-right:1.1em;">1.5</td>
<td class="number highlight" style="width:20%;">3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="rank" style="width:1%;">35</td>
<td class="text" style="width:20%;">Aug. 27, 1998</td>
<td class="text" style="width:31%;">Hurricane Bonnie</td>
<td class="number" style="width:20%;padding-right:1.1em;">1.5</td>
<td class="number highlight" style="width:20%;">3</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="rank" style="width:1%;">36</td>
<td class="text" style="width:20%;">Aug. 1, 2002</td>
<td class="text" style="width:31%;">Hurricane Lili</td>
<td class="number" style="width:20%;padding-right:1.1em;">1.5</td>
<td class="number highlight" style="width:20%;">2</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<footer class="viz">
<p class="notes">*The full scope of Hurricane Harvey’s impact and cost are not yet known. The estimated cost range is from Moody’s Analytics. Texas officials estimated Harvey has caused at least 47 deaths, according to the New York Times. Both estimates are as of Sept. 1, 2017.</p>
<p class="source">Sources: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Moody’s analytics, New YOrk Times</p>
</footer>
</section>
<h2>Other impacts to look out for</h2>
<p>The immediate effects of Harvey were also felt by the oil and gas industries. Around 10% of manned oil platforms in the Gulf were evacuated, according to the Bureau of Safety and Environmental Enforcement. While the fallout is still being determined, <a href="http://fingfx.thomsonreuters.com/gfx/rngs/STORM-HARVEY-ENERGY-INFRASTRUCTURE/010050M21F9/index.html">gas prices have risen</a> and oil and gas rig production has continued to be <a href="https://www.bsee.gov/newsroom/latest-news/statements-and-releases/press-releases/bsee-tropical-storm-harvey-activity-5">hampered.</a></p>
		<figure id="attachment_161840" class="wp-caption aligncenter  full-width"
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							<img class="full-width hide-mobile wp-image-161840" src="https://espnfivethirtyeight.files.wordpress.com/2017/09/harvey-chart-2.png?w=1024&#038;h=532&#038;quality=90&#038;strip=info" alt="" width="1024" height="532" srcset="https://espnfivethirtyeight.files.wordpress.com/2017/09/harvey-chart-2.png?w=1024&amp;h=532&amp;quality=90&amp;strip=info 1x, https://espnfivethirtyeight.files.wordpress.com/2017/09/harvey-chart-2.png?w=2048&amp;h=532&amp;quality=90&amp;strip=info 2x" />						
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							<img class="show-mobile wp-image-161839" src="https://espnfivethirtyeight.files.wordpress.com/2017/09/harvey-chart-2-mobile.png?w=575&#038;h=718&#038;quality=90&#038;strip=info" alt="" width="575" height="718" srcset="https://espnfivethirtyeight.files.wordpress.com/2017/09/harvey-chart-2-mobile.png?w=575&amp;h=718&amp;quality=90&amp;strip=info 1x, https://espnfivethirtyeight.files.wordpress.com/2017/09/harvey-chart-2-mobile.png?w=1150&amp;h=718&amp;quality=90&amp;strip=info 2x" />						
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<p>There are many more consequences that residents and officials are only now sorting through. Harvey’s impact may be felt as residents seek claims from insurance companies, encounter environmental contaminants from debris and infrastructural damage and incur the economic effects of displacement. The cleanup has only just begun.</p>
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